Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866932
Author: Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1.4, Problem 3CYU
Draw a row diagram showing the relationships among the components of a negative-feedback control system.
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Give an example of a feedback mechanism in the human body. Explain your example briefly. Make sure to identify the type of feedback (negative or positive), the receptor, the control center and the effector.
In a negative feedback loop, the effector moves the system in the direction as the stimulus.
Describe what is meant by a trade-off in physiologicalfunctions, and give an example.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 1.1 - Define physiology.Ch. 1.1 - The nutrient-absorbing intestinal cells have a...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.3 - Distinguish among external environment, internal...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 2CYU
Ch. 1.4 - Draw a row diagram showing the relationships among...Ch. 1 - Which of the following activities is not carried...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2RECh. 1 - Which of the following is not a type of connective...Ch. 1 - The term tissue can apply either to one of the...Ch. 1 - Cells in a multicellular organism have specialized...Ch. 1 - Cell specializations are usually a modification or...Ch. 1 - The four primary types of tissue are...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8RECh. 1 - Prob. 9RECh. 1 - _________ controls are inherent to an organ,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RECh. 1 - Compare physiology and anatomy.Ch. 1 - Prob. 2UCCh. 1 - Prob. 3UCCh. 1 - Prob. 4UCCh. 1 - What factors must be homeostatically maintained,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6UCCh. 1 - Prob. 7UCCh. 1 - Prob. 1ACRCh. 1 - Prob. 1TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 2TAHLCh. 1 - The hormone insulin enhances the transport of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 5TAHL
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- In describing a positive feedback loop, which of the following would be true? a) the sensor and control center are always the same b) the effector signals the control center to shut off the initial stimulus c) the effect shuts off the initial stimulus d) the effect amplifies the initial stimuarrow_forward_________ controls are inherent to an organ, whereas _________ controls are regulatory mechanisms initiated outside an organ that alter the activity of the organ.arrow_forwardIn the study of the characteristics of the term “Cycle”, we also studied that of the term “System”. List ten (10) characteristics that any System irrespective of the field will possess or exhibit.arrow_forward
- The autonomous nervous system regulates involuntary functions of the body and can be subdivided into the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system. Both of these systems control the same group of body functions, but have opposite effects on the functions they regulate. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for intense physical activity like the fight-or-flight response. The parasympathetic nervous system has the opposite effect and relaxes the body and inhibits or slows many high energy functions. Which of the following involuntary effects in the body are brought about by the sympathetic nervous system during a fight-or- flight situation? i. Increased salivation ii. Increased digestion ii. Loss of bowel and bladder control iv. Body shivering Сrying Pupil dilation B. i, iv and v V. vi. A. i, ii and vi C. iii, iv and vi D. iii and varrow_forwardThe term “prime mover” is used in the business world to indicate people that get things done—the movers and shakers. What is its physiological meaning?arrow_forwardAside from the ones already discussed about childbirth and blood pressure give another example of the feedback mechanism in the human body.Explain your answer briefly by filling out Table B. Table A is given as a patternarrow_forward
- 1) As a physiologist, which of the following terms should you immediately associate with negative feedback regulation? Answer choices Constancy Relative constancy Relative constancy in interstitial fluid Relative constancy in intracellular fluid 2) Which of the following is true about physiological set-points? Answer choices They act as the integrating center in a negative feedback arc They represent the internal environment They are determined by the actions of the receptors and integrating centers They are constant They act as the effector in a negative feedback arc 3) What is the general purpose of negative feedback mechanisms? Answer choice a. to maintain a constant internal environment b. To anticipate changes in the environment c. To return a variable to its set-point d. To bring about the rapid change of a variable e. To detect changes in the external environmentarrow_forwardThis diagrams show the transmission of a signal through a network of neurons. How is a signal transmitted through one neuron to another?arrow_forwardIn a homeostatically regulated system, diagram or identify the regulated homeostatic variable, sensor, control center, effector(s), and effector response(s).arrow_forward
- An egg, initially at rest, is dropped to the floor and breaks. Assume the egg returns to its original temperature. With the egg treated as a system, is it a closed or open system? Is there any change in the internal energy of the system?arrow_forwardThe reward pathway is a neuronal pathway implicated in addiction to recreational drugs. Explain the role of the reward pathway in behaviour related to reward and motivation and discuss the anatomical regions and molecular and cellular pathways involved. Explain how the reward pathway is involved in drug addiction and give examples of experimental approaches that are being used to study drug addiction. Use figures and diagrams to illustrate your answer. (This is a neuroscience question)arrow_forwardFor the nervous system to convey information using electrical signals, the signals typically must be passed from one neuron to another. Oftentimes, this transfer of information across the synapse occurs via the release of neurotransmitters from the pre-synaptic terminal. When a large stimulus is detected in one neuron, it often conveys this information by releasing a larger amount of neurotransmitter into the synapse.arrow_forward
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