Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866932
Author: Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 1ACR
Summary Introduction
Case summary:
Ms. J. has stomach flu, vomiting profusely forthe last 24 hours. Lost the acidic juices from the stomach.
Characters in the case:
A female, Ms. J.
To determine:
The reason for the disbalancing of the internal environment. The factors which are affected due to profuse vomiting and stomach flu. The body system that responds to these changes.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 1.1 - Define physiology.Ch. 1.1 - The nutrient-absorbing intestinal cells have a...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.3 - Distinguish among external environment, internal...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 2CYU
Ch. 1.4 - Draw a row diagram showing the relationships among...Ch. 1 - Which of the following activities is not carried...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2RECh. 1 - Which of the following is not a type of connective...Ch. 1 - The term tissue can apply either to one of the...Ch. 1 - Cells in a multicellular organism have specialized...Ch. 1 - Cell specializations are usually a modification or...Ch. 1 - The four primary types of tissue are...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8RECh. 1 - Prob. 9RECh. 1 - _________ controls are inherent to an organ,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RECh. 1 - Compare physiology and anatomy.Ch. 1 - Prob. 2UCCh. 1 - Prob. 3UCCh. 1 - Prob. 4UCCh. 1 - What factors must be homeostatically maintained,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6UCCh. 1 - Prob. 7UCCh. 1 - Prob. 1ACRCh. 1 - Prob. 1TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 2TAHLCh. 1 - The hormone insulin enhances the transport of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 5TAHL
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