Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866932
Author: Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 4TAHL
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The system affected by HIV that leads to cancer.
Introduction:
AIDS is a condition which is a result of immunodeficiency. The HIV infects the T cells, which causes the destruction of T helper cells. The main function of T helper cells is to recognize and destroy the foreign bodies and provide immunity against it.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 1.1 - Define physiology.Ch. 1.1 - The nutrient-absorbing intestinal cells have a...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.3 - Distinguish among external environment, internal...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 2CYU
Ch. 1.4 - Draw a row diagram showing the relationships among...Ch. 1 - Which of the following activities is not carried...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2RECh. 1 - Which of the following is not a type of connective...Ch. 1 - The term tissue can apply either to one of the...Ch. 1 - Cells in a multicellular organism have specialized...Ch. 1 - Cell specializations are usually a modification or...Ch. 1 - The four primary types of tissue are...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8RECh. 1 - Prob. 9RECh. 1 - _________ controls are inherent to an organ,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RECh. 1 - Compare physiology and anatomy.Ch. 1 - Prob. 2UCCh. 1 - Prob. 3UCCh. 1 - Prob. 4UCCh. 1 - What factors must be homeostatically maintained,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6UCCh. 1 - Prob. 7UCCh. 1 - Prob. 1ACRCh. 1 - Prob. 1TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 2TAHLCh. 1 - The hormone insulin enhances the transport of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 5TAHL
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- An antigen acts is a molecule that acts like a name tag, allowing the immune system to recognize the cell it is attached to. The name tag might say: "Hello I'm... a deadly virus," or “Hello I'm... a healthy human cell." It is very important that an antigen for a deadly virus and a healthy human cell are very different, so that the immune system does not make a mistake and attack healthy human body cells. Which of the following molecules do you think would make good antigens for recognizing a pathogen? Justify your answer. You may choose more than one. 1) a cell wall protein 2) a piece of DNA inside a cell 3) a protein that is part of a flagella 4) a uniquely shaped protein that is part of a virus 5) a protein that is only made by prokaryotic cells 6) a protein that is only made by eukaryotic cellsarrow_forwardHow does HIV, which at first glance does not appear to be a highly formidable foe, persist in the body for such long periods of time and continue multiplying and progressively causing more and more damage until a fatal outcome is reached?arrow_forwardIn an immune response, what is the main function of the circulatory system? to produce inflammation and activate B cells to send chemical signals and transport immune cells to stimulate infected cells and release interferons to trap pathogens and attract phagocytesarrow_forward
- HIV is a virus that kills helper T cells. HIV is not the direct cause of death in people who have this virus. Instead, people die of diseases caused by organisms that are common in the environment. Explain why HIV-infected persons are susceptible to these diseases. (brief explanation/short answer)arrow_forwardThe immune system can be split into two major categories, the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. Compare and contrast these two systems and their response to a bacterial pathogen that entered the body through a cut in the skin. In your answer describe two ways in which the innate immune system protects against this pathogen, as well as two ways that the adaptive immune system protectS against this pathogen. Be sure to name any cells/organs/tissues/structures that may be involved in each of these processes in order to receive full marks. This can be done as a list in point form.arrow_forwardWhat does it mean to refer to a disease as a “syndrome,” as with AIDS?arrow_forward
- What constitutes the immune system and what is it made up of?arrow_forwardExplain the characteristics of bacteria and virus that make them pathogens. Explain how pathogens can be transmitted from person to person. [AC 2.1,2.4 ] with references Q2.The human body has a tiered system of defences to fight against pathogens. Explain the body’s first line of defence and how it prevents pathogens from entering the body.arrow_forwardOne of the following doesn't cause inflammations and so doesn't induce immune response of the body. * O necrosis apoptosis pathogen entry to the body bacterial infection viral infection O O Oarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding inflammation is CORRECT? - The increase in temperature improves pathogen function - Increased vascular permeability helps immune cells access the site of infection quicker - Clotting increases immune cell access the site of infection - Vasodilation is not a characteristic of inflammation in any wayarrow_forwardChildhood vaccinations are required by law in all U.S. states and in many countries to prevent the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases. Some people object to required vaccinations and feel that whether to vaccinate or not should be a personal choice. What are some arguments for and against requiring everyone to be vaccinated?arrow_forwardTom has just been exposed to the measles virus, and he can't remember if he has had measles before. He asks you if there is any way he can tell if he has been previously exposed or if he is going to get sick. What would you tell him? Why won't he get sick from a second infectionarrow_forward
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