Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866932
Author: Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 3TAHL
The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct?
- A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further towers blood glucose concentration.
- An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn lowers blood glucose concentration.
- A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn increases blood glucose concentration.
- An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further increases blood glucose concentration.
- None of the preceding is correct.
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The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct?
(a) A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further lowers blood glucose concentration.
(b) An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn lowers blood glucose concentration.
(c) A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn increases blood glucose concentration.
(d) An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further increases blood glucose concentration.
(e) None of the preceding is correct.
A number of hormones in the body are responsible for controlling blood glucose levels. Some examples include insulin, glucagon, adrenaline, and cortisol.Select the FOUR numbers below that correctly show the pathway for insulin.
Insulin is secreted when blood sugar levels are high.
Insulin is secreted when blood sugar levels are low.
Insulin is released from the beta cells of the pancreas.
Insulin is released from the alpha cells of the pancreas.
Insulin makes cells more permeable to glucose.
Insulin makes cells less permeable to glucose.
Glycogen is taken up and converted to glucose.
Glucose is taken up and converted to glycogen.
One role of the pancreas is to help regulate blood glucose levels. Two types of cells in
the pancreas, beta and alpha, serve as sensors to detect changes in blood glucose
levels. High glucose levels cause beta cells to increase the amount of insulin given off by
the pancreas. The insulin triggers body cells to take in glucose and the liver to store
excess glucose as glycogen, decreasing the blood glucose level. On the other hand, low
glucose blood levels trigger alpha cells to signal for glycogen to free up stored glucose
from your liver, thus increasing the blood glucose level. (4 points)
1. What type of feedback mechanism is this, positive or negative? Explain your
answer based on the description of the mechanism.
Blood glucose levels change throughout the day. Explain what causes these
changes and describe how these feedback cycles work together to maintain a
dynamic homeostasis.
III. Predict what will happen to this feedback mechanism and then to a person's body
if the beta cells…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 1.1 - Define physiology.Ch. 1.1 - The nutrient-absorbing intestinal cells have a...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.3 - Distinguish among external environment, internal...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 1.4 - Prob. 2CYU
Ch. 1.4 - Draw a row diagram showing the relationships among...Ch. 1 - Which of the following activities is not carried...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2RECh. 1 - Which of the following is not a type of connective...Ch. 1 - The term tissue can apply either to one of the...Ch. 1 - Cells in a multicellular organism have specialized...Ch. 1 - Cell specializations are usually a modification or...Ch. 1 - The four primary types of tissue are...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8RECh. 1 - Prob. 9RECh. 1 - _________ controls are inherent to an organ,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RECh. 1 - Compare physiology and anatomy.Ch. 1 - Prob. 2UCCh. 1 - Prob. 3UCCh. 1 - Prob. 4UCCh. 1 - What factors must be homeostatically maintained,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6UCCh. 1 - Prob. 7UCCh. 1 - Prob. 1ACRCh. 1 - Prob. 1TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 2TAHLCh. 1 - The hormone insulin enhances the transport of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4TAHLCh. 1 - Prob. 5TAHL
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