Chapter 14, Problem 38P

Give the IUAPC name for each alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

  

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group is named as an alkane and -e of the alkane replaced by the suffix -ol.

Numbering of main carbon chain is done in such a way so that OH group gets the lowest number.

When OH group is bonded to a ring, the ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Compounds which contains two OH groups are named as diols and when in nomenclature, -diol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and position of the OH groups are used as prefix to indicate the location of the two OH groups.

Answer to Problem 38P

6-methyl-3-heptanol.

Explanation of Solution

  $C_8{H}_{18}O$ contains seven membered main carbon chain. Methyl group is connected to the main carbon chain from the 6^th position and OH group is connected to the main carbon chain via 3^rd position. Hence; IUPAC name for the $C_8{H}_{18}O$ is 6-methyl-3-heptanol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

  

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group is named as an alkane and -e of the alkane replaced by the suffix -ol.

Numbering of main carbon chain is done in such a way so that OH group gets the lowest number.

When OH group is bonded to a ring, the ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Compounds which contains two OH groups are named as diols and when in nomenclature, -diol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and position of the OH groups are used as prefix to indicate the location of the two OH groups.

Answer to Problem 38P

2-ethylpentanol.

Explanation of Solution

( $C_7{H}_{16}O$ ) contains five membered main carbon chain. Ethyl group is connected to the main carbon chain from the 2^nd position and OH group is connected to the main carbon chain via 1^st position. Hence; IUPAC name for the $C_7{H}_{16}O$ is 2-ethylpentanol.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

  

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group is named as an alkane and -e of the alkane replaced by the suffix -ol.

Numbering of main carbon chain is done in such a way so that OH group gets the lowest number.

When OH group is bonded to a ring, the ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Compounds which contains two OH groups are named as diols and when in nomenclature, -diol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and position of the OH groups are used as prefix to indicate the location of the two OH groups.

Answer to Problem 38P

3-methylheptanol.

Explanation of Solution

( $C_7{H}_{18}O$ ) contains seven membered main carbon chain. Methyl group is connected to the main carbon chain from the 3^rdposition and OH group is connected to the main carbon chain via 1^st position. Hence; IUPAC name for the $C_7{H}_{18}O$ is 3-methylheptanol.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

  

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group is named as an alkane and -e of the alkane replaced by the suffix -ol.

Numbering of main carbon chain is done in such a way so that OH group gets the lowest number.

When OH group is bonded to a ring, the ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Compounds which contains two OH groups are named as diols and when in nomenclature, -diol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and position of the OH groups are used as prefix to indicate the location of the two OH groups.

Answer to Problem 38P

1,2,3-propantriol.

Explanation of Solution

( $C_3{H}_8{O}_3$ ) contains three membered main carbon chain. Each carbon connects to a OH group and this $C_3{H}_8{O}_3$ is a triolwhich means more than one OH group. -triol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and numbers are added as a prefix to indicate the positions of the -OH groups. Hence; IUPAC name for the $C_3{H}_8{O}_3$ is1,2,3-propanthriol.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

  

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group is named as an alkane and -e of the alkane replaced by the suffix -ol.

Numbering of main carbon chain is done in such a way so that OH group gets the lowest number.

When OH group is bonded to a ring, the ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Compounds which contains two OH groups are named as diols and when in nomenclature, -diol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and position of the OH groups are used as prefix to indicate the location of the two OH groups.

Answer to Problem 38P

1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopentanol.

Explanation of Solution

( $C_8{H}_{16}O$ ) contains five membered main carbon ring and OH group is directly connected to the cylopentane ring. Ethyl group is connected to the cylopentane ring via 1^st position and methyl group is connected via 2^nd position. Numbering of the carbon ring is done according to the nomenclature rules. The ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Hence; IUPAC name of the ( $C_8{H}_{16}O$ ) is 1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopentanol.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

  

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group is named as an alkane and -e of the alkane replaced by the suffix -ol.

Numbering of main carbon chain is done in such a way so that OH group gets the lowest number.

When OH group is bonded to a ring, the ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Compounds which contains two OH groups are named as diols and when in nomenclature, -diol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and position of the OH groups are used as prefix to indicate the location of the two OH groups.

Answer to Problem 38P

3,4-dimethylcyclohexanol.

Explanation of Solution

( $C_8{H}_{16}O$ ) contains six membered main carbon ring and OH group is directly connected to the cylohexane ring. Methyl groups are connected to the cyclohexane ring through 3^rd and 4^th positions. Numbering of the carbon ring is done according to the nomenclature rules. The ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Hence; IUPAC name of the ( $C_8{H}_{16}O$ ) is 3,4-dimethylcyclohexanol.