Chapter 14, Problem 35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed or skeletal structure of the following alcohol A should be drawn:

  

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Structure of a particular molecule is the atoms and molecular arrangements through chemical bonds in the space.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The hydroxyl group in structure A should be classified as ${\text{1}}^{\text{o}}{\text{, 2}}^{\text{o}}{\text{, or 3}}^{\text{o}}$

Concept Introduction:

Organic compounds which contains a hydroxyl group (OH) bonded to a tetrahedral carbon is known as alcohols. Alcohols are classified as ${\text{1}}^{\text{o}}{\text{, 2}}^{\text{o}}{\text{, or 3}}^{\text{o}}$ based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the carbon with the OH group.

  $1^0$ alcohols - Consist an OH group on a carbon bonded to one carbon.

  $2^0$ alcohols- Consist an OH group on a carbon bonded to two carbons.

  $3^0$ alcohols- Consist an OH group on a carbon bonded to three carbons.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of the compound A should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols are the organic molecules which have OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom.

Longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group is named as an alkane and -e of the alkane replaced by the suffix -ol.

Numbering of main carbon chain is done in such a way so that OH group gets the lowest number.

When OH group is bonded to a ring, the ring is numbered beginning with the OH group and the 1 is normally omitted from the name. The ring is numbered in clockwise or anticlockwise by giving the lowest number to the next substitute.

Compounds which contains two OH groups are named as diols and when in nomenclature, -diol suffix is added to the end of the parent alcohol and position of the OH groups are used as prefix to indicate the location of the two OH groups.