Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 17TYU
Summary Introduction
To suggest: The reason why gene regulatory elements have not undergone many changes during the course of evolution.
Introduction: Gene regulation consists of many mechanisms that the cell uses to decrease or increase the production of certain gene products. The gene regulation in the bacteria mainly takes place in the level of transcription. In the eukaryotes, the gene regulation takes place in the level of transcription, post transcription, translation, and post translation.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14.1 - Explain why bacterial and eukaryotic cells have...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.2 - Distinguish among inducible, repressible, and...Ch. 14.2 - Differentiate between positive and negative...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.2 - What structural features does the trp operon share...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 3C
Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 14.3 - Give examples of some of the ways eukaryotic...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 5CCh. 14 - The regulation of most bacterial genes occurs at...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 14 - Inactive genes tend to be found in (a) highly...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 14 - Which of the following is characteristic of genes...Ch. 14 - Through alternative splicing, eukaryotes (a)...Ch. 14 - A mutation that inactivates the repressor gene of...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is an example of positive...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 14 - PREDICT Compare the types of bacterial genes...Ch. 14 - INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 14 - EVOLUTION LINK Suggest why evolution resulted in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17TYU
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- Many aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept? Choose an answer below: Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too. Some genes code for RNA molecules only. Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene. a and c, but not b a, b, and carrow_forwardSuppose that an investigative team conducted an RNA-Seq experiment on mouse liver cells. They found many sequences that contained no long stretches of consecutive triplet codons that could be translated into a protein. Such sequences are called open reading frames (ORFS) and suggest the presence of a gene. Which statement explains why the experiment detected long stretches with no ORFS? O The reaction solution did not include the correct primer for the gene sequence. The results suggest that the cells may be cancerous. Site-directed mutagenesis during cloning altered the ORF sequences. The RNA-Seq experiment detected noncoding RNA molecules.arrow_forwardYou are studying a mutation in mice, which acts dominantly. Mice that have only one copy of the allele carrying this mutation have a kinky tail phenotype. You identify the gene that the mutation affects and find that the codon that encodes the second amino acid in the predicted protein has been mutated to a stop codon. Would you characterize this mutation as a loss-of-function or a gain-of-function and what specific subtype (hypermorphic, antimorphic, etc. ) within these categories? Explain your reasoning.”arrow_forward
- An analysis of the human genome revealed that some regions of DNA that are highly conserved across species do not code for proteins. Propose an explanation for why these noncoding regions are conserved and what this could mean in terms of evolution.arrow_forwardUsing a computer algorithm that searches for sequence similarities in other organisms, you discover that hexose kinase is a highly conserved gene that is expressed by many species, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. The most closely related prokaryotic homolog of hexose kinase has a protein sequence in which 90% of the amino acids are identical to those of the human version of the gene. To learn more about their similarity at the DNA level, you obtain segments of the genomic DNA coding for the hexose kinase gene in both humans and this prokaryotic species. After combining both DNA samples, you heat them to denature the DNA strands and then allow them to cool and reanneal. Finally, you examine the DNA hybrids you obtain under the electron microscope. Your analysis reveals that there are three different DNA hybrids in this sample, these can be seen below. You reason that one must belong to the prokaryotic species, one to the humans and the third arose when one strand from each species base…arrow_forwardThe words “transcribe” and “translate” are more commonly associated with language and dialogue. For example, a court reporter may transcribe what was said during a trial, or a popular book may be translated from Spanish into English. Why are “transcription” and “translation” such good descriptors for these processes in molecular biology?arrow_forward
- Explain why the genetic code is said to be redundant and virtually universal? How these features may reflect its evolutionary history?arrow_forwardA molecular geneticist hopes to find a gene in human liver cells that codes for an important blood-clotting protein. He knows that the nucleotife sequence of a small part of the gene is GTGGACTGACA. Briefly explain how to obtain the desired gene.arrow_forwardThe figure below shows the introns and exons found in gene X. The size of each exon and intron is shown as well. A study on this organism found that two mature mRNA molecules are produced for this gene. One is 867 nucleotides in length, and the other is 685 nucleotides in length. Name the process responsible for producing this variation. Also explain how these 867 and 685 nucleotide fragments were produced by referring to the information provided. Hint: This organism produces a poly-A tail of 150 nucleotides.arrow_forward
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