Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14.2, Problem 3C
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reasons why trp operon is repressible and lac operon is inducible.
Introduction: Operons are a set of genes containing a promoter and one or more operators that helps to control the transcription process. Each operon is made of structural genes, promoter and operator. Inducible operons are turned on by the presence of the substrate. Lac operon is an inducible operon. Repressible operons are turned off by the presence of the substrate. Trp operon is a repressible operon.
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Why do scientists define the trp operon as repressible and the lac operon as inducible?
Gene expression in bacteria is controlled by the operon model.
a) Why is the operon model important?
b) Why is the trp operon known as a repressible operon?
How do we know that the trp operon is a repressible controlsystem, in contrast to the lac operon, which is an induciblecontrol system?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14.1 - Explain why bacterial and eukaryotic cells have...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 14.2 - Distinguish among inducible, repressible, and...Ch. 14.2 - Differentiate between positive and negative...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.2 - What structural features does the trp operon share...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 3C
Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 14.3 - Give examples of some of the ways eukaryotic...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 14.3 - Prob. 5CCh. 14 - The regulation of most bacterial genes occurs at...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 14 - Inactive genes tend to be found in (a) highly...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 14 - Which of the following is characteristic of genes...Ch. 14 - Through alternative splicing, eukaryotes (a)...Ch. 14 - A mutation that inactivates the repressor gene of...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is an example of positive...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 14 - PREDICT Compare the types of bacterial genes...Ch. 14 - INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 14 - EVOLUTION LINK Suggest why evolution resulted in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17TYU
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- In most experiments using the lac operon, researchers use the synthetic inducer IPTG to turn on operon expression, instead of lactose or allolactose. What do you think is the advantage of using IPTG?arrow_forwardTo study the lac operon, you engineer a strain of E coli to have a lac operon in which the lac Z gene is replaced by the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Expression of GFP generates a green color in the cells that can be easily quantitated with a fluorescence microscope. You test the activity of the operon in the absence of the inducer IPTG, the presence of the inducer IPTG and the presence of an antibiotic the completely inhibits RNA polymerase (i.e. no gene expression). You then use this system to test the effects of various mutation on the activity of the operon. Match the following mutations with the activity (A, B or C) you would expect to observe with the mutation. All experiments are done in the presence of IPTG unless otherwise stated.arrow_forwardThe lac operon has which of the following characteristics? O 1) usually requires an activator protein bound to the promoter to be transcribed. O 2) is inactive in the presence of lactose. O 3) is active in the presence of a repressor. O 4) Is a constitutively active operator. O5) is only active in the presence of lactose.arrow_forward
- You are growing E. coli in a laboratory in order to study their operons. The growth media you are using contains lactose, no glucose and no tryptophan. Using your knowledge of operons and their regulation, Please explain so I can understand in the answer What effect does lactose have on the bacterial cell’s lac operon? What does the absence of glucose do to the bacterial cell? You now add tryptophan to the cell. What would happen to the bacterial cell and its trp operon? What kind of regulation does lactose provide to an operon’s repressor?arrow_forwardWhat are the effects of the following conditions on Lac operon of bacteria? Do not forget to mention about the role of repressor, activator, RNA polymerase in each case! A) Glucose is absent and lactose is present B) Glucose is present and lactose is present C) Glucose is present and lactose is absentarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about the Lac operon? Group of answer choices An operon with a constitutive operator (O^C mutation) will transcribe in the presence of a super repressor It is a positive repressible operon that is influenced mainly by fluctuations in glucose levels Produces a large quantity of tryptophan in order to synthesize lactase It is found in eukaryotes and is responsible for creating an enzyme that breaks down lactosearrow_forward
- According to the operon model, for the synthesis of an inducible enzyme to occur, the end-product must not be in excess an inducer must bind to the enzyme an inducer must bind to the repressor repressor must bind to the operator repressor must not be synthesizedarrow_forwardIf a researcher moves the promoter for the lac operon to the region between the beta galactosidase (lacZ) gene and the permease (lacY) gene, which of the following results would you expect? A) The three genes of the lac operon will be expressed normally. B) The repressor will not be able to bind to the operon. C) The operon will still transcribe the lacZ and lacY genes, but the mRNA will not be translated. D) LacZ will not be transcribed and Beta galactosidase will not be produced.arrow_forwardHow are the following components in the trp operon system affected by a mutation in trpC? (trp operon, trp repressor, tryptophan synthesis, trp mRNA, and tryptophan)arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the trp operon is false? If a mutation in region 2 prevents the formation of the 2 + 3 loop in the 5’UTR transcription levels will increase. The trp operon is an example of negative repressible operon. Formation of the anti-terminator in the 5’UTR of the trp operon occurs when trp levels are low. In the presence of high trp-tRNA, the genes of the trp operon are not expressed. The role of trp is to bind to the repressor protein and activate it.arrow_forwardWhen lactose is first introduced into the medium, the lac operon is not induced and thus permease isn't induced. How is it possible for lactose to enter the cell before the lac operon is induced? While the lac operon is not induced yet, lactose has many different ways to get into the cells without the need of permease. While the lac operon is not induced yet, lactose breaks down outside the cell into smaller components in order to get into the cell and then the components reassemble into lactose again inside the cell so that the induction can occur. While the lac operon is not induced yet, there is always a very high level of permease and beta galactosidase in the cell. While the lac operon is not induced yet, there is full level expression most of the time which allows a sufficient amount of permease to be expressed. This allows lactose to enter the cell. While the lac operon is not induced yet, there is low level expression most of the time which…arrow_forwardWhat is the phenotype of an E. coli strain with a mutation in the lac operator that allows the lac repressor to irreversibly bind the operator? Assume glucose is absent. 1S A) O Transcription of the operon is very high whether lactose is present or not. B) O Transcription of the operon is very low whether lactose is present or not. C) O Transcription of the operon is high in the presence of lactose, and low in its absence. D) O Transcription of the operon is low in the presence of lactose, and high in its absence.arrow_forward
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