Chapter 14, Problem 14.141CP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

In the following reaction of decomposition of N₂O₄.

$N_2{O}_4\left(g\right)\rightleftharpoons 2N{O}_2\left(g\right)$

A flask of 2.00 L contains at 45 ⁰C and K_c is 0.619. Calculate the partial pressure of each gas N₂O₄ and NO₂.

Concept introduction:

Equilibrium is the process in which the temperature, pressure and the concentration of reactant and product do not show any change with respect to time.
There are two types of equilibrium.

1. Physical equilibrium: In this, the physical state of reactant and product do not change when dynamic equilibrium occurred.
2. Chemical equilibrium: In this, chemical composition of reactant and product do not change when dynamic equilibrium occurred. There are two types of reactions that occur in this.

(a) Reversible reactions: In this reaction, reaction can occur in two ways, which is the reactant can convert to product as well as the product can convert back to reactant.
(b) Irreversible reaction: In this reaction, two-way reaction cannot occur that is reactant can convert to product, but product cannot convert back to reactant.

Equilibrium constant $K_c$ is defined as the ratio of the concentrations of the products raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients and reactants raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.
Reaction quotient Q is defined as the ratio at any point of the reaction of the concentration of the product raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients and reactant raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{aA+bB}\to \text{cC+dD}\\ {\text{K}}_{\text{c}}\text{=}\frac{{\left[\text{C}\right]}^{\text{c}}{\left[\text{D}\right]}^{\text{d}}}{{\left[\text{A}\right]}^{\text{a}}{\left[\text{B}\right]}^{\text{b}}}\text{,equilibrium}\\ \text{Q=}\frac{{\left[\text{C}\right]}^{\text{c}}{\left[\text{D}\right]}^{\text{d}}}{{\left[\text{A}\right]}^{\text{a}}{\left[\text{B}\right]}^{\text{b}}}\end{array}$

To calculate: The partial pressure of N₂O₄and NO₂ at equilibrium.