Chapter 13.7, Problem B13.2P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The pressure that is applied to the wastewater solution is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The osmotic pressure is defined as the measure of the tendency of a solution to take in pure solvent via osmosis. It is defined as the minimum pressure that is to be applied to the solution to prevent the inward flow of the pure solvent across the semipermeable membrane. Osmosis occurs when two solutions have different concentrations of solute and are separated by a semipermeable membrane.

The formula to calculate the osmotic pressure of the solution is as follows:

  $\Pi =iMRT$        (1)

Here,

$\Pi$ is the osmotic pressure.

$i$ is van’t Hoff factor.

$M$ is the molarity of the solution.

$R$ is universal gas constant.

$T$ is the absolute temperature.

The conversion factor to convert $°\text{C}$ to $\text{K}$ is as follows:

  $T\left(\text{K}\right)=T\left(°\text{C}\right)+273\text{K}$