Chapter 13, Problem 13.102P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The minimum mass of ethylene glycol is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The freezing point is the temperature at which both the solid and liquid phases coexist in equilibrium. It is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the substance in the liquid state becomes equal to the vapor pressure in a solid state.

The formula to calculate the change in freezing point is as follows:

$\Delta T_{\text{f}}=i{k}_{\text{f}}m$ (1)

Here, $\Delta T_{\text{f}}$ is the change in freezing point.

$i$ is van’t Hoff factor.

$k_{\text{f}}$ is the freezing point depression constant.

$m$ is the molality of the solution.

The conversion factor to convert $°\text{F}$ to $°\text{C}$ is as follows:

$T\left(°\text{C}\right)=\left(T\left(°\text{F}\right)-32°\text{F}\right)\left(\frac{5°\text{C}}{9°\text{F}}\right)$