Chapter 13, Problem 13.157P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The $k_{\text{H}}$ for ${\text{O}}_2$ in acrylic acid is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Henry’s law gives the quantitative relationship between the pressure of the gas and its solubility. It states that the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. Higher the partial pressure of the gas, more will be its solubility and vice-versa.

The formula to calculate the solubility of gases according to Henry’s law is as follows:

$S_{\text{gas}}=k_{\text{H}}\times P_{\text{gas}}$ (1)

Here, $S_{\text{gas}}$ is the solubility of the gas.

$k_{\text{H}}$ is Henry’s constant.

$P_{\text{gas}}$ is the partial pressure of the gas.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molarity of ${\text{O}}_2$ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute that are dissolved in one litre of solution. It is represented by $M$ and its unit is $\text{mol/L}$.

The formula to calculate the solubility of gases according to Henry’s law is as follows:

$S_{\text{gas}}=k_{\text{H}}\times P_{\text{gas}}$ (1)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mole fraction of ${\text{O}}_2$ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the total number of moles in the mixture. It is represented by $X$.

The formula to calculate the mole fraction is as follows:

$\text{Mole}\text{fraction}\left(X\right)=\frac{\text{amount}\left(\text{mol}\right)\text{of}\text{solute}}{\text{amount}\left(\text{mol}\right)\text{of}\text{solute}+\text{amount}\left(\text{mol}\right)\text{of}\text{solvent}}$ (3)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The concentration of ${\text{O}}_2$ in $\text{ppm}$ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The $\text{ppm}$ or parts per million is a concentration term that is defined as the mass of any substance divided by the mass of the solution, multiplied by ${10}^6$.

The formula to calculate the concentration of an ion in $\text{ppm}$ is as follows:

$\text{ppm}=\left(\frac{\text{mass}\text{of solute}}{\text{mass}\text{of}\text{solution}}\right){10}^6$ (4)