Concept explainers
To describe:’
The ways in which information flow from DNA to RNA to protein synthesis to protein function can be regulated.
Introduction:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the hereditary molecule of all the living and non-living cells. It is made up of the polynucleotide chain carrying the genetic information or “gene”. The
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 13 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
- Suppose that the gene for a protein 500 amino acids in length undergoes a mutation. If the mutation causes the synthesis of a mutant protein in which just one of the 500 amino acids is incorrect, the protein may lose its biological function. How can a small change in a protein's sequence inactivate the protein? The catalytic site of the protein may be malformed, preventing complementary fit. RNA may not recognize the altered DNA sequence, and bases may pair incorrectly. It may alter the shape of the protein's molecular chaperone, preventing proper protein folding. The active site may base pair incorrectly with the complementary DNA strand. The resulting protein may fold incorrectly and may not attain its native conformation.arrow_forwardDefine transcription and translation. Give 3 ways in which they are similar and 3 ways in which they are different.arrow_forwardDescribe the processes of transcription and translation from DNA to polypeptide chain.arrow_forward
- Define gene and genetic code and explain the function of genes.arrow_forwardWhich is NOT a true difference between messenger RNA and DNA? (i.e., which of the following statements is false?) DNA remains in the nucleus (except when the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis), whereas mRNA is never in the nucleus; it is always in the cytoplasm. A DNA molecule has a longer life span than a typical molecule of RNA. DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene. DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene.arrow_forwardExplain how DNA transcribe to mRNA and how mRNA translate into protein.arrow_forward
- Give features of genetic code.arrow_forwardDescribe the process of protein synthesis and localize where each step takes place. Make sure to describe and use the following terms: Translation: mRNA to proteins (cytoplasm) mRNA w/codon, ribosomes, tRNA w/anticodon and amino acid, protein with 3D structurearrow_forwardDescribe the relative roles of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis?arrow_forward
- Describe the structure and functions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).arrow_forwardDescribe protein biosynthesis. Define transcription and translation. What enzyme controlstranscription and what is made? Describe the process of translationarrow_forwarda) How to transfer biological information in protein synthesis? What is the link between DNA and proteins? What role does RNA play in each? Explain the protein synthesis.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education