(a)
Interpretation: The larger atom from the pair of sodium and calcium is to be identified.
Concept Introduction: In the periodic table, the atomic size of elements varies in a consistent pattern. In general, the size of an atom decreases as one moves from left to right across a period and increases as one moves from top to bottom across a group.
(a)
Answer to Problem 90A
The sodium atom is larger than calcium.
Explanation of Solution
In the periodic table, sodium is placed in the first period. In the periodic table, calcium is placed in the seventeenth period of the elemental system. The atomic size decreases when moving from left to right. Therefore, the largest atom is sodium.
(b)
Interpretation: The larger atom from the pair of arsenic and nitrogen is to be identified.
Concept Introduction: In the periodic table, the atomic size of elements varies in a consistent pattern. In general, the size of an atom decreases as one moves from left to right across a period and increases as one moves from top to bottom across a group.
(b)
Answer to Problem 90A
The arsenic atom is larger than nitrogen.
Explanation of Solution
Arsenic is an element belonging to the fourth group of the periodic table. Nitrogen is an element belonging to the first group of the periodic table. Moving down a group in the periodic table, the size of the atom increases. Therefore, the largest atom is arsenic.
(c)
Interpretation: The larger atom from the pair of fluorine and cesium is to be identified.
Concept Introduction: In the periodic table, the atomic size of elements varies in a consistent pattern. In general, the size of an atom decreases as one moves from left to right across a period and increases as one moves from top to bottom across a group.
(c)
Answer to Problem 90A
The cesium atom is larger than fluorine.
Explanation of Solution
The second group of the periodic table has fluorine as an element. Cesium is an element belonging to the sixth group of the periodic table. Moving down a group in the periodic table, the size of the atom increases. Therefore, the largest atom is cesium.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry 2012 Student Edition (hard Cover) Grade 11
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