To determine: The mutational event associated with the Burkitt’s lymphoma.
Introduction: Cancer is caused due to a mutation in the genome of the cells. The mutation can be of different types namely single
To determine: The chromosomes involved in tumor formation in Burkitt’s lymphoma.
Introduction: Several hereditary and environmental factors play a crucial role in the conversion of normal cells to cancerous cells. Factors associated with increasing the risk of developing cancer are smoking, UV radiations from the sun and viral infections. Genetic factors include inheritance of genes by the offspring’s that are mutated.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
- Can you postulate a reason or reasons why children with Down syndrome are 20 times more likely to develop leukemia than children in the general population?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a lesion and an ablation?arrow_forwardWhy are proto-oncogenes present in non-cancerous cells? A one sentence answer is fine.arrow_forward
- Why is the Philadelphia chromosome important to understanding & treating some cancers, especially CML?arrow_forwardD) The level of carbon dioxide increases with the level of available oxygen. 60) The TPS3 gene provides instructions for making a protein called tumor protein p53. Known as the guardlan of the genome, this protein acts as a tumor suppressor, which means that it regulates cell division by keeping cells from growing and dividing t0o fast or in an uncontrolled way. The p53 protein is located in the nucleus of cells throughout the body, where it attaches directly to DNA and plays a critical role in determining whether the DNA will be repaired or the damaged cell will self- destruct (undergo apoptosis). If the DNA can be repaired, p53 activates other genes to fix the damage. If the DNA cannot be repaired, this protein prevents the cell from dividing and signals it to undergo apoptosis. Suppose chromosomes in a skin cell are damaged by ultraviolet radiation. If the damaged genes do not affect p53, which choice correctly predict if the cell will become cancerous and why? No, the cell will not…arrow_forwardWhat is the difference in an oncogene and tumor suppressor gene and how can each potentially lead to cancer?arrow_forward
- What are proto-oncogenes, oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes and what is their involvement in cancer?arrow_forwardDespite being small animals, naked mole rats are almost entirely resistant to cancer. Watch the following brief video on one potential mechanism for the prevention of cancer in naked mole rats. https://youtu.be/bhNBeuhxkF0?si=38aelHLW1N6vN8-b Based on what you know about mitosis and cancer cells, why would a mechanism that prevents cell crowding reduce the likelihood of cancer developing?arrow_forwardp53 is a gene / protein often associated with cancer. Why? What does p53 do? What kind of gene is it? Is it associated more with any one particular type of cancer or all cancers? Tell me more about p53, but please do not exceed one typed page.arrow_forward
- Researchers have identified some tumors that have no recurrent mutations or deletions in known oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes and no detectable epigenetic alterations. However, these tumors often have large chromosomal deletions. What are some possible explanations that could account for the genetic causes behind these tumors?arrow_forwardMM, a 54-year old female presents to the Family Medicine Clinic due to a 2-week history of increasing shortness of breath and cough and mild/moderate pain in left side. She was diagnosed with infiltrating intraductal adenocarcinoma of the left breast 5 years ago; at that time, ER(-)/ PR(-); her-2/neu(+); p53(+); staged as having T3N1M0, stage IIIA, high-risk breast cancer. She underwent a modified radical mastectomy with axillary node dissection followed by 6 cycles of CMF chemotherapy. Her mother and sister also had a history of breast cancer. Past Medical History Gravida 4, para 4; menses onset age 13; HTN x 10 years; Type 2 DM x 8 years; breast CA described above; remained disease free until present follow up. Past Surgical History: Left modified radical mastectomy 5 years ago; cholecystectomy 14 years ago. Medications: Glyburide, 5mg PO BID Verapamil SR, 240mg PO daily Furosemide, 40mg PO daily Allergies: NKDA Physical Examination: GEN: Well-developed, obese woman in no…arrow_forwardCellular levels of tumor suppressor protein p53 is maintained by a ubiquitin ligase protein, called Mdm2. Over expression of Mdm2 destabilizes p53. Another protein p19ARF inhibits the activity of Mdm2, thus stabilizing p53. Loss of p19ARF function converts normal cells into cancer cells With the above information, which of the following statements are true? Mdm2 is a tumor suppressor gene but p19ARF is an oncogene Both Mdm2 & P19ARF are oncogenes Both Mdm2 & P19ARF are tumor suppressor genes O Mdm2 is an oncogene but p19ARF is a tumor suppressor genearrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning