Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 12, Problem 5QP
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Tumors are defined as the mass of cell that shows uncontrolled division. Benign tumor and malignant tumor are two different types of tumors. If the tumor remains at their site of origin it is called as a benign tumor and if the tumor starts migrating to the new site and affect nearby cells it is known as a malignant tumor. Cancer may occur due to environmental factors and man-made factors.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 12.10 - If improved diagnostic tests are developed from...Ch. 12.10 - If you had cancer, would you donate tissue samples...Ch. 12.10 - Prob. 1GRCh. 12.10 - Another model, the random model, proposes that any...Ch. 12 - Mike was referred for genetic counseling because...Ch. 12 - Mike was referred for genetic counseling because...Ch. 12 - Mike was referred for genetic counseling because...Ch. 12 - Theodor Boveri predicted that malignancies would...Ch. 12 - Distinguish between a familial and a sporadic...Ch. 12 - Benign tumors: a. are noncancerous growths that do...
Ch. 12 - Prob. 4QPCh. 12 - Prob. 5QPCh. 12 - Prob. 6QPCh. 12 - Prob. 7QPCh. 12 - Prob. 8QPCh. 12 - What is the difference between a proto-oncogene...Ch. 12 - Distinguish between dominant inheritance and...Ch. 12 - Describe the likelihood of developing bilateral...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12QPCh. 12 - The search for the BRCA1 breast cancer gene...Ch. 12 - What are the roles of cellular proto-oncogenes,...Ch. 12 - Which of the following mutations will result in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 16QPCh. 12 - The following family has a history of inherited...Ch. 12 - You are in charge of a new gene therapy clinic....Ch. 12 - Prob. 19QPCh. 12 - Can you postulate a reason or reasons why children...Ch. 12 - Prob. 21QPCh. 12 - In Section 12-1, Julie is concerned that she may...Ch. 12 - Prob. 23QPCh. 12 - What are some factors that epidemiologists have...Ch. 12 - Smoking cigarettes has been shown to be associated...Ch. 12 - Prob. 26QPCh. 12 - Studies have shown that there are significant...
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- Benign tumors: a. are noncancerous growths that do not spread to other tissues b. do not contain mutations c. are malignant and clonal in origin d. metastasize to other tissues e. none of thesearrow_forwardUltimately, cancer kills because it spreads and disturbs homeostasis. Consider, for example, a kidney cancer that metastasizes to the lungs and liver. What are some specific aspects of homeostasis that the spreading disease could affect?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT an example of fail-safe mechanisms that prevent the irregular cell divisions characteristic of cancer? a.Shortening of telomeres b.Cell division limit c.Mutation in a tumor suppressor gene d.Triggered cell deatharrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are correct about tumors and metastasis (select all that apply)? A. The majority of cancer deaths are due to primary tumor B. Loss of basement membrane by tumor mass is strong predictor of metastasis potential C. The tissue stroma contributes to whether a tumor cell will metastasize D. The majority of life threatening tumors occur in epithelial tissues E. The tendency of a primary tumor to metastasize is similar across different tissue typesarrow_forwardWhich of the following must scientists understand in order to create effective cancer treatments? Select all that apply. a why cancer is difficult to treat b where cancer originated c how cancer cells multiply d how cancer cells growarrow_forwardIn the process of metastasis, cancer cells break away from where they first formed (primary tumour) and travel through blood or lymph system to other parts in body. This is how secondary cancers, called metastatic cancers, are formed. The spread of cancer can happen early or later in its development. When it spreads earlier, it might not have grown into a size that can be noticed yet. What tests (two tests) would you do to diagnose the metastatic cancer and track its point of origin? origin?arrow_forward
- Cancer cells are distinguished from other normal cells by (select all that apply!): a. having abnormal nuclei. b. inducing angiogenesis. ☐ c. dividing uncontrollably. d. having mutations in their tumor-suppressor genes.arrow_forwardA cell in this stage of cancer no longer makes the set of proteins that is was originally instructed to make but has not migrated into surrounding tissues; thus at this stage a tissue specific protein production profile could be used to identify a cancer. a. carcinoma, in situ b. dysplasia c. hyperplasia d. malignant tumorarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are correct about tumor cell masses (select all that apply)? A. Stromal cells of tumor masses are generally just contaminants and play no role in tumor progression B. Most stromal cells are of mesenchymal origin C. Fibroblasts, macrophages and lymphocytes are commonly found in the stroma of tumor masses D. In Hodgkin's Lymphoma, the majority of cells in the tumor mass are neoplastic E. In carcinomas, neoplastic and stromal cells are present at similar numbersarrow_forward
- Which of the following factors contributes to angiogenesis as a result of a tumor growth? Select all that apply: a. Increasing tumor's access to oxygen and nutrients b. Increasing tumor's ability for growth, invasion, and metastasis c. Increasing expression of proto-oncogenes for cancer cells d. Increasing expression of tumor-suppressor genes for cancer cellsarrow_forwardWhich of the following are mechanisms by which cancer drugs work (select all that apply)? A. Inhibit activity of oncogene B. Promote apoptosis C. Promote terminal differentiation of cells D. Inhibit drug transporters E. Promote DNA damage.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is typical of cancer cells? A. The parent cell of the tumor contains a single mutation in a single checkpoint gene. B. Malignant cells migrate. C. Cancer cells lose the ability to divide. D. Products of oncogenes inhibit mitosis E. Benign tumors invade normal tissue.arrow_forward
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