Chapter 12, Problem 12.9E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formulas and the IUPAC names for the $13$ alkene isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The systematic naming of organic compound is given by IUPAC nomenclature. The naming of organic compound is done such that the structure of organic compound is correctly interpreted from the name.

Rules for writing IUPAC name from structural formula are:

• First identify the longest carbon chain.

• The next step is to identify the groups attached to the longest chain.

• Identify the position, location, and number of the substituents bonded to the carbon chain.

• Use prefix di, tri, tetra if same type of substituents are present.

• Name the substituents in alphabetical order.

Answer to Problem 12.9E

The structural formulas and the IUPAC names of the $13$ alkene isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ are given below.

Explanation of Solution

The first alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{hex-1-ene}$. It consists of six carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. The structure of $\text{hex-1-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 1

The second alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{hex-2-ene}$. It consists of six carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the second and the third carbon atoms. The structure of $\text{hex-2-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 2

The third alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{hex-3-ene}$. It consists of six carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the third and the fourth carbon atoms. The structure of $\text{hex-3-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 3

The fourth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{2-methylpent-1-ene}$. It consists of five carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. A methyl group is present as a substituent on the second carbon atom. The structure $\text{2-methylpent-1-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 4

The fifth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{3-methylpent-1-ene}$. It consists of five carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. A methyl group is present as a substituent on the third carbon atom. The structure $\text{3-methylpent-1-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 5

The sixth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{4-methylpent-1-ene}$. It consists of five carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. A methyl group is present as a substituent on the fourth carbon atom. The structure $\text{4-methylpent-1-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 6

The seventh alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{2-methylpent-2-ene}$. It consists of five carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the second and the third carbon atoms. A methyl group is present as a substituent on the second carbon atom. The structure $\text{2-methylpent-2-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 7

The eighth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{3-methylpent-2-ene}$. It consists of five carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the second and the third carbon atoms. A methyl group is present as a substituent on the third carbon atom. The structure $\text{3-methylpent-2-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 8

The ninth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{4-methylpent-2-ene}$. It consists of five carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the second and the third carbon atoms. A methyl group is present as a substituent on the fourth carbon atom. The structure $\text{4-methylpent-2-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 9

The tenth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{2-ethylbut-1-ene}$. It consists of four carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. An ethyl group is present as a substituent on the second carbon atom. The structure $\text{2-ethylbut-1-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 10

The eleventh alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{2, 3-dimethylbut-2-ene}$. It consists of four carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the second and the third carbon atoms. One methyl group each is present as a substituent on the second and the third carbon atoms. The structure $\text{2, 3-dimethylbut-2-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 11

The twelfth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{2, 3-dimethylbut-1-ene}$. It consists of four carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. One methyl group each is present as a substituent on the second and the third carbon atoms. The structure $\text{2, 3-dimethylbut-1-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 12

The thirteenth alkene isomer of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ is $\text{3, 3-dimethylbut-1-ene}$. It consists of four carbon atoms in a straight chain and double bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. Two methyl groups are present as a substituent on the third carbon atom. The structure $\text{3, 3-dimethylbut-1-ene}$ is shown below.

Figure 13

Conclusion

The structural formulas and the IUPAC names of the $13$ alkene isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{12}}$ have been rightfully stated.