Chapter 12, Problem 12.98EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of alkyl groups present in given cycloalkane has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).  IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

To name a cycloalkane, the first step is to find the longest carbon chain that consist of cyclic ring.  The next step is to identify the substituents that are present in the longest carbon chain.  The numbering has to be given in a way that the substituents get the least numbering.

To draw a cycloalkane from the given IUPAC name, the parent cycloalkane is drawn first followed by substitution of the substituents in the respective carbon atoms.

The groups that are attached to the parent carbon chain are known as substituents.  If the group that are attached to the parent carbon chain is an alkane group with one hydrogen atom less means, then it is known as alkyl groups.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of alkyl groups present in given cycloalkane has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).  IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

To name a cycloalkane, the first step is to find the longest carbon chain that consist of cyclic ring.  The next step is to identify the substituents that are present in the longest carbon chain.  The numbering has to be given in a way that the substituents get the least numbering.

To draw a cycloalkane from the given IUPAC name, the parent cycloalkane is drawn first followed by substitution of the substituents in the respective carbon atoms.

The groups that are attached to the parent carbon chain are known as substituents.  If the group that are attached to the parent carbon chain is an alkane group with one hydrogen atom less means, then it is known as alkyl groups.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of alkyl groups present in given cycloalkane has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).  IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

To name a cycloalkane, the first step is to find the longest carbon chain that consist of cyclic ring.  The next step is to identify the substituents that are present in the longest carbon chain.  The numbering has to be given in a way that the substituents get the least numbering.

To draw a cycloalkane from the given IUPAC name, the parent cycloalkane is drawn first followed by substitution of the substituents in the respective carbon atoms.

The groups that are attached to the parent carbon chain are known as substituents.  If the group that are attached to the parent carbon chain is an alkane group with one hydrogen atom less means, then it is known as alkyl groups.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of alkyl groups present in given cycloalkane has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).  IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

To name a cycloalkane, the first step is to find the longest carbon chain that consist of cyclic ring.  The next step is to identify the substituents that are present in the longest carbon chain.  The numbering has to be given in a way that the substituents get the least numbering.

To draw a cycloalkane from the given IUPAC name, the parent cycloalkane is drawn first followed by substitution of the substituents in the respective carbon atoms.

The groups that are attached to the parent carbon chain are known as substituents.  If the group that are attached to the parent carbon chain is an alkane group with one hydrogen atom less means, then it is known as alkyl groups.