Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781260163698
Author: Cowan
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 11.2, Problem 4NP
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The microbial toxins are the chemical compounds which are produced by microorganisms. The bacterial cells produce two different types of toxins, namely-endotoxins, and exotoxins. The toxins are produced by bacterial cells facilitate the reproductive success of bacteria. Toxins help bacteria in colonizing hosts and their spread to new host.
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Overview of Transformation Protocol
-Prepare competent bacteria for transformation:
Treat starter E. coli bacteria with CaCl2and Competent Cell Solution (CCS). Store on ice until transformation procedure.
Competent cells are cells that are likely to take up foreign DNA and be transformed. This step increases the likelihood that the E. coli cells will take up the introduced vector and be transformed.
-Transformation procedure:
Obtain two microcentrifuge tubes containing your competent cells. Label one tube +DNA and one -DNA.
Add CaCl2 to both tubes.
Add the transformation mix containing the plasmid DNA to the tube labeled +DNA. Do not add any plasmid DNA to the -DNA tube.
Incubate both tubes on ice for 10 minutes. Then, place both tubes in a 42\deg C water bath for 45 seconds. Replace the tubes in an ice bucket for 2 minutes.
Add recovery broth to both tubes.
Incubate both tubes in a 37 C water bath for 5 minutes.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 1AYPCh. 11.1 - Enumerate the sites where normal biota is found in...Ch. 11.1 - Discuss how the Human Microbiome Project is...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 2NPCh. 11.2 - Differentiate between a microbes pathogenicity and...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 11.2 - Explain the significance of polymicrobial...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 9AYP
Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 10AYPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 11.2 - Draw a diagram of the stages of disease in a humanCh. 11.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 11.2 - Define healthcare-associated infection, and list...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 1MMCh. 11.2 - Prob. 3NPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 2MMCh. 11.2 - Prob. 4NPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 5NPCh. 11.2 - Q. Can you think of what type of incident might...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 6NPCh. 11.3 - Summarize the goals of epidemiology, and...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 11.3 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 11.3 - Discuss the three major types of epidemics, and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1NPCh. 11 - Prob. 1QCh. 11 - Prob. 2QCh. 11 - Prob. 3QCh. 11 - Prob. 4QCh. 11 - Prob. 5QCh. 11 - Discuss the role of endospores in ensuring the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7QCh. 11 - Correlate the stages in the course of an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9QCh. 11 - Prob. 10QCh. 11 - Prob. 11QCh. 11 - Prob. 12QCh. 11 - Prob. 13QCh. 11 - Prob. 14QCh. 11 - Prob. 15QCh. 11 - Prob. 16QCh. 11 - Prob. 17QCh. 11 - Prob. 18QCh. 11 - The number of cases, including new cases as well...Ch. 11 - Prob. 20QCh. 11 - One important way to critically analyze a study...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1VC
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- You will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. You have already cultured it and gone through the plate isolation procedure. Before you ship your samples off for sequencing, you want to do one final check of the A260 ratios. You get back the following ratios: A260/280 ratio is 1.89; A260/230 is 2.01. These ratios are close enough to the accepted "pure" values so they could be considered "pure" and mostly (if not completely) free of contaminants from the PCR process. True Falsearrow_forwardYou will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. After receiving your sequence back from the sequencing lab, you feel that you have, in fact, discovered and isolated a new species. You ask a fellow labmate about how you should proceed, and he tells you the following is the proper way to introduce a new species for recognition: Cultures have to be sent to international culture collections. Then a paper must be published describing the new organism and providing a genus and species name. You recall learning about this in your Microbiology course in college. Is this information from your colleague true or false? True Falsearrow_forwardis often a good indication of phylogenetic relatedness in phenotypes. Life-cycle patterns Cleavage patterns O Gene expression O Morphological similarityarrow_forward
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