Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696534
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 129P
Write a report on the history of the reduction of the drag coefficients of cars and obtain the drag coefficient data for some recent car models from the catalogs of car manufacturers or Irvin the Internet.
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The manufacturer of a car reduces the drag coefficient of the car from 0.38 to 0.33 as a result of some modifications in its shape and design. If, on average, the aerodynamic drag accounts for 20 percent of the fuel consumption, the percent reduction in the fuel consumption of the car due to reducing the drag coefficient is (a) 15% (b) 13% (c) 6.6% (d ) 2.6% (e) 1.3%
The drag coefficient for a car with a frontal area of 26 ft? is being measured in
an 8 ft x 8 ft wind tunnel. The density of air under the test conditions is 2.4 x 10
3 slugs/ft, When the air flow rate is, 500,000 ft/min, the drag force on the car
was measured to be 170 lb. The drag coefficient under the test conditions is
most nearly
O 0.30
O 0.32
O 0.28
O 0.34
How do we use the Buckingham pi theorem to prove that drag coefficient is dimensionless?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 11 - What is drag? What causes it? Why do we usually...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2CPCh. 11 - Which bicyclist is more likely to go faster: one...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4CPCh. 11 - Define the frontal area of a body subjected to...Ch. 11 - Define the planform area of a body subjected to...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7CPCh. 11 - What is the difference between streamlined and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9CPCh. 11 - During flow over a given body, the drag force, the...
Ch. 11 - During flow over a given slender body such as a...Ch. 11 - What is terminal velocity? How is it determined?Ch. 11 - What is the difference between skin friction drag...Ch. 11 - What is the effect of surface roughness on the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 15CPCh. 11 - What is flow separation? What causes it? What is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 17CPCh. 11 - Consider laminar flow over a flat plate. How does...Ch. 11 - In general, how does the drag coefficient vary...Ch. 11 - Fairings are attached to the front and back of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21PCh. 11 - The resultant of the pressure and wall shear...Ch. 11 - Prob. 23PCh. 11 - Prob. 24PCh. 11 - To reduce the drag coefficient and thus to improve...Ch. 11 - A circular sign has a diameter of 50 cm and is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 28PCh. 11 - Prob. 29PCh. 11 - At highway speeds, about half of the power...Ch. 11 - A submarine can be treated as an ellipsoid with a...Ch. 11 - A 70-kg bicyclist is riding her 1 5-kg bicycle...Ch. 11 - A wind turbine with two or four hollow...Ch. 11 - During steady motion of a vehicle on a level road,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 37EPCh. 11 - A 0.80-m-diameter, 1 .2-rn-high garbage can is...Ch. 11 - An 8-mm-diameter plastic sphere whose density is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 40PCh. 11 - The drag coefficient of a vehicle increases when...Ch. 11 - To reduce the drag coefficient and thus to improve...Ch. 11 - During major windstorms, high vehicles such as RVs...Ch. 11 - What does the friction coefficient represent in...Ch. 11 - What fluid property is responsible for the...Ch. 11 - How is the average friction coefficient determined...Ch. 11 - Prob. 47EPCh. 11 - The local atmospheric pressure in Denver, Colorado...Ch. 11 - Prob. 50PCh. 11 - Prob. 51EPCh. 11 - Air at 25C and 1 atm is flowing over a long flat...Ch. 11 - Prob. 54PCh. 11 - During a winter day, wind at 70 km/h, 5C , and I...Ch. 11 - Prob. 56PCh. 11 - The forming section of a plastics plant puts out a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 58CPCh. 11 - Why is flow separation in flow over cylinders...Ch. 11 - Prob. 60CPCh. 11 - A 5-mm-diameter electrical transmission line is...Ch. 11 - A 1ong 5-cm-diameter steam pipe passes through...Ch. 11 - Consider 0.8-cm-diameter hail that is falling...Ch. 11 - Prob. 64EPCh. 11 - Prob. 65PCh. 11 - Prob. 66PCh. 11 - Prob. 67EPCh. 11 - One of the popular demonstrations in science...Ch. 11 - Prob. 69PCh. 11 - What is stall? What causes an airfoil to stall?...Ch. 11 - Prob. 71CPCh. 11 - Air is flowing past a symmetrical airfoil at zero...Ch. 11 - Both the lift and the drag of an airfoil increase...Ch. 11 - Prob. 74CPCh. 11 - Prob. 75CPCh. 11 - Air is flowing past a symmetrical airfoil at an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 77CPCh. 11 - Prob. 78CPCh. 11 - Prob. 79CPCh. 11 - Prob. 80CPCh. 11 - How do flaps affect the lift and the drag of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 82EPCh. 11 - Consider an aircraft that takes off at 260 km/h...Ch. 11 - Prob. 84PCh. 11 - Prob. 85PCh. 11 - A tennis ball with a mass of 57 and a diameter of...Ch. 11 - A small aircraft has a wing area of 40 m2, a lift...Ch. 11 - Prob. 89PCh. 11 - Consider a light plane that has a total weight of...Ch. 11 - A small airplane has a total mass of 1800 kg and a...Ch. 11 - An airplane has a mass of 48.000 k. a wins area of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 93EPCh. 11 - Prob. 94PCh. 11 - Prob. 95EPCh. 11 - A 2-zn-high, 4-zn-wide rectangular advertisement...Ch. 11 - 11-97 A plastic boat whose bottom surface can be...Ch. 11 - Prob. 99PCh. 11 - Prob. 100EPCh. 11 - A commercial airplane has a total mass of 150.000...Ch. 11 - Prob. 102PCh. 11 - Prob. 103PCh. 11 - Prob. 104PCh. 11 - Prob. 105PCh. 11 - Prob. 107PCh. 11 - Prob. 108PCh. 11 - Prob. 109PCh. 11 - Prob. 110PCh. 11 - Prob. 111PCh. 11 - Prob. 113PCh. 11 - Prob. 115PCh. 11 - Prob. 116PCh. 11 - Prob. 117PCh. 11 - Prob. 118PCh. 11 - Prob. 119PCh. 11 - The region of flow trailing the body where the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 121PCh. 11 - Prob. 122PCh. 11 - Prob. 123PCh. 11 - Prob. 124PCh. 11 - Prob. 125PCh. 11 - Prob. 126PCh. 11 - An airplane has a total mass of 3.000kg and a wing...Ch. 11 - Prob. 128PCh. 11 - Write a report on the history of the reduction of...Ch. 11 - Write a report oil the flips used at the leading...Ch. 11 - Discuss how to calculate drag force a unsteady...Ch. 11 - Large commercial airplanes cruise at high...Ch. 11 - Many drivers turn off their air conditioners and...Ch. 11 - Consider the boundary layer growing on a flat...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The drag polar equation of a light aircraft in clean configuration is: CD=0.020+0.044C₁2. The aircraft has a wing area of 162.7 ft² and a wing loading of 15.2 psf. It is flying at a velocity of 213 feet per second. Assuming steady level flight and SSLC (p=0.002377 slug/ft³), determine the drag force (in lb, nearest hundredths) being generated by the aircraft.arrow_forwardA cloud of coal particles is traveling through a system. The cloud diameter estimated to be 0.027 m and the individual particles are 50 um in diameter with the density of 1300 kg/m'. The total cloud is moving such that its drag coefficient is constant at 0.44. The individual particles in the cloud move much slower, such that the drag coefficient given by stock's law. The system has atmospheric air transporting and the cloud density is 190 kg/m3. Determine the ratio of internal velocity to cloud velocity. Atmospheric air density 1.2 kg/m'.arrow_forwardA group of researchers from UMP conducted a project collaboration with an aircraft company to develop a small aircraft. The aircraft is designed to carry up to 2800 kg of total mass. The wing area of the aircraft is 30 m2. During takeoff, the lift coefficient of the aircraft is 0.45. Meanwhile during cruising, the drag coefficient of the aircraft is 0.035. i. Analyze the takeoff speed of the aircraft at standard atmospheric conditions ( = 1.225 kg/m3 )arrow_forward
- What is the f (equivalent drag area) for an aircraft that creates 600 lbs of parasite drag at 10,000 ft STP and 250 KTAS?arrow_forwardThe form drag coefficient of a certain light aircraft is equal to 0.02. Its skin friction drag coefficient is 0.009. Determine its maximum lift-to-drag ratio (nearest hundredths) if its interference drag is 8 percent of its profile drag. The aircraft has an elliptical wing with an aspect ratio of 6.9.arrow_forwardIn the vertical wind tunnel used in paratrooper training, find the wind tunnel free speed required to keep a 75 kg person suspended in the air in a horizontal position. The height of this person is 1.7m and the width is 38cm and the front drag coefficient is around 1. Atmospheric pressure and temperature inside the tunnel are Patm = 85kPa and T = 25C, respectively.arrow_forward
- 400 200 100 Determine the form drag experiences by a truck traveling at a speed of 80 miles/hr with length scale of 20ft and 4 ft width. Assume it can be 60 40 20 10 eylinder 0.6 04 Seth he 02 approximated as a smooth sphere. 0.1 0.06 Tot 10 10 10arrow_forwardThe drag polar equation of a light airplane in clean configuration can be written as Cp = 0.358 + 0.0405 C₁². It has a weight of 18,681 N. The wing area is 14.41 m². Calculate the minimum power required in watts. (Round off answer with no decimal places, No units, No commas) Answer given: 1461792 A 5,000 lbs. aircraft has an excess power of 75 hp at sea level. If the service ceiling is 3,657.6 m, determine the time to climb from sea level to absolute ceiling in minutes. (Round off answer with no decimal places. No units, No commas) Answer given: 17arrow_forwardCalculate Induced Drag pleasearrow_forward
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