Chapter 11, Problem 11.1EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons and neutrons present in $\text{B}\text{e}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction.  These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particles inside the nucleus does.  Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms.  Isotopes refer to the same element that have different mass number while nuclide refer to atom of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

The isotopes are designated to describe different atoms of the same element.  To represent a nuclide various notations are used.  All the notation uses mass number and atomic number or mass number alone.  Three types of notations are used.  For example, nitrogen atom that contains mass number as 15 is designated as $\text{N}$, or nitrogen-15 or N-15.  In the first notation, the number in the superscript is the mass number and number in the subscript is the atomic number.

Answer to Problem 11.1EP

Number of protons and neutrons present in $\text{B}\text{e}$ is 4 and 6 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given nuclide is $\text{B}\text{e}$.

In this the number 10 present in the superscript is the mass number (number of protons + number of neutrons.  The number 4 present in the subscript is the atomic number (number of protons or electrons).

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Mass number }\text{=}\text{10}\\ \text{Atomic number}\text{=}\text{4 (number of protons)}\\ \text{Number}\text{of}\text{neutrons}\text{=}\text{mass}\text{number}-\text{atomic}\text{number}\\ \text{=}\text{10 - 4}\\ \text{=}\text{6}\end{array}$

The total number of protons is found to be 4 and total number of neutrons is found to be 6.

Conclusion

Number of protons and neutrons present in $\text{B}\text{e}$ is given.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons and neutrons present in $\text{N}\text{a}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction.  These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particles inside the nucleus does.  Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms.  Isotopes refer to the same element that have different mass number while nuclide refer to atom of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

The isotopes are designated to describe different atoms of the same element.  To represent a nuclide various notations are used.  All the notation uses mass number and atomic number or mass number alone.  Three types of notations are used.  For example, nitrogen atom that contains mass number as 15 is designated as $\text{N}$, or nitrogen-15 or N-15.  In the first notation, the number in the superscript is the mass number and number in the subscript is the atomic number.

Answer to Problem 11.1EP

Number of protons and neutrons present in $\text{N}\text{a}$ is 11 and 12 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given nuclide is $\text{N}\text{a}$.

In this the number 23 present in the superscript is the mass number (number of protons + number of neutrons.  The number 11 present in the subscript is the atomic number (number of protons or electrons).

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Mass number }\text{=}\text{23}\\ \text{Atomic number}\text{=}\text{11 (number of protons)}\\ \text{Number}\text{of}\text{neutrons}\text{=}\text{mass}\text{number}-\text{atomic}\text{number}\\ \text{=}\text{23 - 11}\\ \text{=}\text{12}\end{array}$

The total number of protons is found to be 11 and total number of neutrons is found to be 12.

Conclusion

Number of protons and neutrons present in $\text{N}\text{a}$ is given.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons and neutrons present in silver-108 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction.  These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particles inside the nucleus does.  Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms.  Isotopes refer to the same element that have different mass number while nuclide refer to atom of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

The isotopes are designated to describe different atoms of the same element.  To represent a nuclide various notations are used.  All the notation uses mass number and atomic number or mass number alone.  Three types of notations are used.  For example, nitrogen atom that contains mass number as 15 is designated as $\text{N}$, or nitrogen-15 or N-15.  In the first notation, the number in the superscript is the mass number and number in the subscript is the atomic number.

Answer to Problem 11.1EP

Number of protons and neutrons present in silver-108 is 47 and 61 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given nuclide is silver-108.

In this the number 108 present after silver is the mass number (number of protons + number of neutrons.  As the element name is silver, the atomic number has to be 47 (number of protons or electrons) because each and every element has unique atomic number.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Mass number }\text{=}\text{108}\\ \text{Atomic number}\text{=}\text{47 (number of protons)}\\ \text{Number}\text{of}\text{neutrons}\text{=}\text{mass}\text{number}-\text{atomic}\text{number}\\ \text{=}\text{108 - 47}\\ \text{=}\text{61}\end{array}$

The total number of protons is found to be 47 and total number of neutrons is found to be 61.

Conclusion

Number of protons and neutrons present in silver-108 is given.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of protons and neutrons present in S-34 has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction.  These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particles inside the nucleus does.  Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms.  Isotopes refer to the same element that have different mass number while nuclide refer to atom of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

The isotopes are designated to describe different atoms of the same element.  To represent a nuclide various notations are used.  All the notation uses mass number and atomic number or mass number alone.  Three types of notations are used.  For example, nitrogen atom that contains mass number as 15 is designated as $\text{N}$, or nitrogen-15 or N-15.  In the first notation, the number in the superscript is the mass number and number in the subscript is the atomic number.

Answer to Problem 11.1EP

Number of protons and neutrons present in S-34 is 16 and 18 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given nuclide is S-34.

In the given notation “S” is the atomic symbol of element.  In this case it is sulfur.  The number 34 present after “S” is the mass number (number of protons + number of neutrons.  As the element name is sulfur, the atomic number has to be 16 (number of protons or electrons) because each and every element has unique atomic number.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Mass number }\text{=}\text{34}\\ \text{Atomic number}\text{=}\text{16 (number of protons)}\\ \text{Number}\text{of}\text{neutrons}\text{=}\text{mass}\text{number}-\text{atomic}\text{number}\\ \text{=}\text{34 - 16}\\ \text{=}\text{18}\end{array}$

The total number of protons is found to be 16 and total number of neutrons is found to be 18.

Conclusion

Number of protons and neutrons present in S-34 is given.