Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B 4 10 e has to be written. Concept Introduction: If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number. This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay. The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Question

Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NH3 (g) = N2 (g) +3H₂ —N2 (g) AGº = 34. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.19 atm of ammonia (NH3) and 9.94 atm of nitrogen (N2) at 378. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NH 3 tend to rise or fall? ☐ x10 fall Х Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂? In other words, if you said the pressure of NH 3 will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding H₂? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NH3 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding H₂? If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. yes no atm 00. 18 Ar 무ㅎ ?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.15EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B410e has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of carbon-14 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of F921 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of sodium-25 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NH3 (g) = N2 (g) +3H₂ —N2 (g) AGº = 34. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.19 atm of ammonia (NH3) and 9.94 atm of nitrogen (N2) at 378. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NH 3 tend to rise or fall? ☐ x10 fall Х Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂? In other words, if you said the pressure of NH 3 will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding H₂? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NH3 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding H₂? If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. yes no atm 00. 18 Ar 무ㅎ ?

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.15EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B410e has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of carbon-14 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of F921 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of sodium-25 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.15EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B410e has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of carbon-14 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of F921 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of sodium-25 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.15EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B410e has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of carbon-14 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of F921 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of sodium-25 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 11.15EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B410e has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of carbon-14 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of F921 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of sodium-25 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 11.15EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B410e has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 11.15EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of B410e has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of carbon-14 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of carbon-14 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of F921 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of F921 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of sodium-25 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced nuclear equation for beta decay of sodium-25 has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

If the reaction occurs in the nucleus of an atom then it is known as nuclear reaction. These reactions are not considered as ordinary chemical reactions because the electrons do not take part in reaction while the particle inside the nucleus does. Isotope and nuclide are almost similar terms. Isotopes refer to the same element that has different mass number while nuclide refers to atoms of same or different elements with specific atomic number and mass number.

This nuclear reaction can be represented by nuclear equation. This is not a normal chemical equation. Nuclear equation considers the mass number and atomic number of the reactants and products. Unstable nucleus tends to emit radiation spontaneously. During this process the nuclide is transformed into nuclide of another element. Parent nuclide is the one which undergoes the radioactive decay. Daughter nuclide is the one that is formed from parent nuclide after radioactive decay.

The radioactive decay can take place by emission of alpha particle, beta particle or gamma ray emission. Alpha particle decay is a process in which an alpha particle is emitted. This results in the formation of nuclide of different element that has atomic number that is 2 less and mass number that is 4 less than the original nucleus. Beta particle decay is a process in which a beta particle is emitted. This produces a nuclide of different element similar to that of alpha particle decay. The mass number is same as that of parent nuclide while the atomic number increases by 1 unit. Gamma ray emission is a process in which the unstable nucleus emits gamma ray. This occurs along with alpha or beta particle emission. The gamma rays are not shown in the nuclear equation because they do not affect balancing the nuclear equation.

Answer 14

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Answer 25

Ch. 11.1 - The term nuclide is a term used to describe a....Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 11.1 - In the notation carbon-14, the number 14 is a. the...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 11.3 - The explanation for how a beta particle is...

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Chapter 11 Solutions