Concept explainers
HIV tests. Recall that, in the United States, approximately 1 person in 300 is estimated to be HIV-positive. Suppose a person decides to take two indep endent tests. Test A determines whether or nor a person is infected with HIV with 95% accuracy, whereas test B is 99% accurate. Suppose this person learns that both tests came back positive—that is, both predicted that the person was infected with HIV. What is the probability that this person is actually infected?
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