Chapter 10, Problem 10.112EP

Write an equation for each of the following buffering actions.

1. a. the response of a HPO₄²⁻/PO₄³⁻ buffer to the addition of OH⁻ ions
2. b. the response of a HF/F⁻ buffer to the addition of OH⁻ ions
3. c. the response of a HCN/CN⁻ buffer to the addition of H₃O⁺ ions
4. d. the response of a H₃PO₄/H₂PO₄⁻ buffer to the addition of H₃O⁺ ions