Concept explainers
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(a)
Interpretation:
Whether
Concept Introduction:
The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula. Chemical formula uses
(a)
Explanation of Solution
Given chemical formulas are
Total number of atoms in
Total number of atoms in
On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that they both contain same number of atoms.
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether
Concept Introduction:
The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula. Chemical formula uses chemical symbols of the elements that is present in the compound and numerical subscripts that represent how many number of atoms of each element is present in the compound.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
Given chemical formulas are
Total number of atoms in
Total number of atoms in
On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether
Concept Introduction:
The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula. Chemical formula uses chemical symbols of the elements that is present in the compound and numerical subscripts that represent how many number of atoms of each element is present in the compound.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
Given chemical formulas are
Total number of atoms in
Total number of atoms in
On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that they both contain the same number of atoms.
(d)
Interpretation:
Whether
Concept Introduction:
The composition of a chemical compound can be presented in a very precise was with the use of chemical formula. Chemical formula uses chemical symbols of the elements that is present in the compound and numerical subscripts that represent how many number of atoms of each element is present in the compound.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
Given chemical formulas are
Total number of atoms in
Total number of atoms in
On comparing the total number of atoms between the two chemical formulas, it is found that
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Chapter 1 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- Constant Composition of Compounds Two samples of sugar are decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample of sugar produces 18.0 g carbon, 3.0 g hydrogen, and 24.0 g oxygen; the other sample produces 24.0 g carbon, 4.0 g hydrogen, and 32.0 g oxygen. Find the ratio of carbon to hydrogen and the ratio of oxygen to hydrogen for each of the samples, and show they are consistent with the law of constant composition.arrow_forwardThree compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen are analyzed. The results for the analysis of the first two compounds are given below: Which, if any, of the following results for the mass of hydrogen in compound C follows the law of multiple proportions? (a) 5.84 g(b) 3.47 g (c) 2.72 garrow_forwardCarbohydrates, a class of compounds containing the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, were originally thought to contain one water (H2O) molecule for each carbon atom present. The carbohydrate glucose contains six carbon atoms. Write a general formula showing the relative numbers of each type of atom present in glucose.arrow_forward
- What is acompound? What are compounds composed of? What is true about the composition of a compound, no matter where we happen to find the compound?arrow_forwardSeveral samples of methane gas, the primary component of natural gas, are decomposed into carbon and hydrogen. The masses of the carbon and hydrogen are then weighed, and the results are tabulated as shown here. Which of these does not follow the law of constant composition? a. 4.0 grams hydrogen and 12.0 grams carbon b. 1.5 grams hydrogen and 4.5 grams carbon c. 7.0 grams hydrogen and 17.0 grams carbon d. 10 grams hydrogen and 30 grams carbonarrow_forward2.71 Use the web to determine the amount of low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene produced annually in the United States. Which uses predominate in the applications of these two materials?arrow_forward
- Consider the chemical reaction as depicted below. Label as much as you can using the terms atom, molecule, element, compound, ionic, gas, and solid.arrow_forwardClick on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible.arrow_forwardTwo elements, R and Q, combine to form two binary compounds. In the first compound, 14.0 g of R combines with 3.00 g of Q. In the second compound, 7.00 g of R combines with 4.50 g of Q. Show that these data are in accord with the law of multiple proportions. If the formula of the second compound is RQ, what is the formula of the first compound?arrow_forward
- The following chart shows a general decline in abundance with increasing mass among the first 30 elements. The decline continues beyond zinc. Notice that the scale on the vertical axis is logarithmic, that is, it progresses in powers of 10. The abundance of nitrogen, for example, is 1/10,000 (1/104) of the abundance of hydrogen. All abundances are plotted as the number of atoms per 102 atoms of H. (The fact that the abundances of Li, Be, and B, as well as those of the elements near Fe, do not follow the general decline is a consequence of the way that elements are synthesized in stars.) (a) What is the most abundant main group metal? (b) What is the most abundant nonmetal? (c) What is the most abundant metalloid? (d) Which of the transition elements is most abundant? (e) Which halogens are included on this plot, and which is the most abundant?arrow_forwardThese questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson: From Thomson’s work, which particles do you think he would feel are most important in the formation of compounds (chemical changes) and why? Of the remaining two subatomic particles, which do you place second in importance for forming compounds and why? Come up with three models that explain Thomson’s findings and evaluate them. To be complete you should include Thomson’s findings.arrow_forwardEthane and ethylene are two gases containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms. In a certain sample of ethane, 4.53 g of hydrogen is combined with 18.0 g of carbon. In a sample of ethylene, 7.25 g of hydrogen is combined with 43.20 g of carbon. (a) Show how the data illustrate the law of multiple proportions. (b) Suggest reasonable formulas for the two compounds.arrow_forward
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