Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321766182
Author: Thomas Engel, Philip Reid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.6CP
The location of the boundary between the system and the surroundings is a choice that must be made by the thermodynamicist. Consider a beaker of boiling water in an airtight room. Is the system open or closed if you place the boundary just outside the liquid water? Is the system open or closed if you place the boundary just inside the walls of the room?
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
Ch. 1 - Real walls are never totally adiabatic. Use your...Ch. 1 - The parameter a in the van der Waals equation is...Ch. 1 - Give an example based on molecule—molecule...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.4CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.5CPCh. 1 - The location of the boundary between the system...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7CPCh. 1 - At sufficiently high temperatures, the van der...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.10CP
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.11CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.12CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.13CPCh. 1 - The mass of a He atom is less than that of an Ar...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.15CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1NPCh. 1 - A compressed cylinder of gas contains 2.74103g of...Ch. 1 - Calculate the pressure exerted by Ar for a molar...Ch. 1 - A sample of propane C3H8 is placed in a closed...Ch. 1 - A gas sample is known to be a mixture of ethane...Ch. 1 - One liter of fully oxygenated blood can carry 0.18...Ch. 1 - Yeast and other organisms can convert glucose...Ch. 1 - A vessel contains 1.15 g liq H2O in equilibrium...Ch. 1 - Consider a 31.0 L sample of moist air at 60.C and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.11NPCh. 1 - A rigid vessel of volume 0.400m3 containing H2 at...Ch. 1 - A mixture of oxygen and hydrogen is analyzed by...Ch. 1 - An athlete at high performance inhales 3.75L of...Ch. 1 - Devise a temperature scale, abbreviated G, for...Ch. 1 - Aerobic cells metabolize glucose in the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.17NPCh. 1 - A mixture of 2.10103g of O2, 3.88103mol of N2, and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.19NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.20NPCh. 1 - An initial step in the biosynthesis of glucose...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.22NPCh. 1 - Assume that air has a mean molar mass of 28.9gmol1...Ch. 1 - When Julius Caesar expired, his last exhalation...Ch. 1 - Calculate the number of molecules per m3 in an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.26NPCh. 1 - A mixture of H2 and NH3 has a volume of 139.0cm3...Ch. 1 - A sealed flask with a capacity of 1.22dm3 contains...Ch. 1 - A balloon filled with 11.50 L of Ar at 18.7C and 1...Ch. 1 - Carbon monoxide competes with oxygen for binding...Ch. 1 - The total pressure of a mixture of oxygen and...Ch. 1 - Suppose that you measured the product PV of 1 mol...Ch. 1 - Liquid N2 has a density of 875.4kgm3 at its normal...Ch. 1 - Calculate the volume of all gases evolved by the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.35NPCh. 1 - A glass bulb of volume 0.198 L contains 0.457 g of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.37NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.38NPCh. 1 - Many processes such as the fabrication of...Ch. 1 - Rewrite the van der Waals equation using the molar...
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- Determine whether the statements given below are true or false. Consider an endothermic process taking place in a beaker at room temperature. (a) Heat flows from the surroundings to the system. (b) The beaker is cold to the touch. (c) The pressure of the system decreases. (d) The value of q for the system is positive.arrow_forwardDifferentiate between the enthalpy of formation of H2O(l)andH2O(g) . Why is it necessary to specify thephysical state of water in the following thermochemicalequation CH4(g)+2O2(g)CO2(g)+2H2O(lorg)H=?arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: potential energy, kinetic energy, path-dependent function, state function, system, surroundings.arrow_forward
- Define heat. What are its units? How does it differ from energy?arrow_forwardEqual masses of liquid A, initially at 100C, and liquid B, initially at 50C, are combined in an insulated container. The final temperature of the mixture is 80C. All the heat flow occurs between the two liquids. The two liquids do not react with each other. Is the specific heat of liquid A larger than, equal to, or smaller than the specific heat of liquid B?arrow_forwardSuppose that you are studying kinetic energy of helium molecules: A helium weather balloon rises to an altitude of 40,000 ft; the temperature of the gas drops to 70 F. (a) Make an appropriate choice of system and surroundings and describe it unambiguously. (b) Explain why you chose the system and surroundings you did. (c) Identify transfers of energy and material into and out of the system that would be important for you to monitor in your study.arrow_forward
- Determine whether the statements given below are true or false. Consider enthalpy (H). (a) It is a state property. (b) qreaction(atconstantP)=H=HproductsHreactants (c) The magnitude of H is independent of the amount of reactant. (d) In an exothermic process, the enthalpy of the system remains unchanged.arrow_forwardA 45-g aluminum spoon (specific heat 0.88 J/g C) at 24 C is placed in 180 mL (180 g) of coffee at 85 C and the temperature of the two become equal. (a) What is the final temperature when the two become equal? Assume that coffee has the same specific heat as water. (b) The first time a student solved this problem she got an answer of 88 C. Explain why this is clearly an incorrect answer.arrow_forwardAs a child plays on a swing, at what point in her movement is her kinetic energy the greatest? At what point is potential energy at its maximum?arrow_forward
- A bomb calorimeter is a study metal vessel in which samples can be ignited and the amount of heat given off can be measured as the heat warms up surrounding water. Draw a rough sketch of such an experimental setup and label a the system and b the surroundings.arrow_forwardIn the 1880s, Frederick Trouton noted that the enthalpy of vaporization of 1 mol pure liquid is approximately 88 times the boiling point, Tb, of the liquid on the Kelvin scale. This relationship is called Troutons rule and is represented by the thermochemical equation liquid gas H = 88 Tb, joules Combined with an empirical formula from chemical analysis, Troutons rule can be used to find the molecular formula of a compound, as illustrated here. A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen is 85.6% C and 14.4% H. Its enthalpy of vaporization is 389 J/g, and it boils at a temperature of 322 K. (a) What is the empirical formula of this compound? (b) Use Troutons rule to calculate the approximate enthalpy or vaporization or one mole of the compound. Combine the enthalpy of vaporization per mole with that same quantity per gram to obtain an approximate molar mass of the compound. (c) Use the results of parts (a) and (b) to find the molecular formula of this compound. Remember that the molecular mass must be exactly a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula mass, so considerable rounding may be needed.arrow_forwardStarting with equation 2.27 andthe original definitionof enthalpy, derive the fact that Cp-=Cv-+Rarrow_forward
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