Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321766182
Author: Thomas Engel, Philip Reid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.33NP
Liquid
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An investigation is to be done to see how well intermolecular forces can predict differences in boiling point. The chemicals substances used are pentane
(CH,CH,CH,CH,CH3), 1-butanol (CH,CH,CH,CH,OH) and 1-pentanol (CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,OH). Design an experiment to determine the order of these substances'
boiling points and predict the outcome of the experiment.
Mass of glass bulb with the unknown gas: 14.402g
Mass empty bulb
Temperature
Volume of glass bulb: 670. mL
Pressure
12.232 g
1751. tor
21.C
The gas is
A,3
8.) (a)Which of the four substances (A, B, C, or D) has the strongest intermolecular forces?
(b) How do you know?
B
.
(c) What is the normal boiling point of substance A?
(d) What is the boiling point of C at high altitude, where the atmospheric pressure is 650 torr
(e) Are any of these substances gases at 90"C? (You may assume the atmospheric pressure is I atm.)
If yes, write letter(s) here:
Temperature (
Say how you know:
Continuation of the first question part a, b, and c
Chapter 1 Solutions
Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
Ch. 1 - Real walls are never totally adiabatic. Use your...Ch. 1 - The parameter a in the van der Waals equation is...Ch. 1 - Give an example based on molecule—molecule...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.4CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.5CPCh. 1 - The location of the boundary between the system...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7CPCh. 1 - At sufficiently high temperatures, the van der...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.10CP
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.11CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.12CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.13CPCh. 1 - The mass of a He atom is less than that of an Ar...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.15CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1NPCh. 1 - A compressed cylinder of gas contains 2.74103g of...Ch. 1 - Calculate the pressure exerted by Ar for a molar...Ch. 1 - A sample of propane C3H8 is placed in a closed...Ch. 1 - A gas sample is known to be a mixture of ethane...Ch. 1 - One liter of fully oxygenated blood can carry 0.18...Ch. 1 - Yeast and other organisms can convert glucose...Ch. 1 - A vessel contains 1.15 g liq H2O in equilibrium...Ch. 1 - Consider a 31.0 L sample of moist air at 60.C and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.11NPCh. 1 - A rigid vessel of volume 0.400m3 containing H2 at...Ch. 1 - A mixture of oxygen and hydrogen is analyzed by...Ch. 1 - An athlete at high performance inhales 3.75L of...Ch. 1 - Devise a temperature scale, abbreviated G, for...Ch. 1 - Aerobic cells metabolize glucose in the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.17NPCh. 1 - A mixture of 2.10103g of O2, 3.88103mol of N2, and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.19NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.20NPCh. 1 - An initial step in the biosynthesis of glucose...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.22NPCh. 1 - Assume that air has a mean molar mass of 28.9gmol1...Ch. 1 - When Julius Caesar expired, his last exhalation...Ch. 1 - Calculate the number of molecules per m3 in an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.26NPCh. 1 - A mixture of H2 and NH3 has a volume of 139.0cm3...Ch. 1 - A sealed flask with a capacity of 1.22dm3 contains...Ch. 1 - A balloon filled with 11.50 L of Ar at 18.7C and 1...Ch. 1 - Carbon monoxide competes with oxygen for binding...Ch. 1 - The total pressure of a mixture of oxygen and...Ch. 1 - Suppose that you measured the product PV of 1 mol...Ch. 1 - Liquid N2 has a density of 875.4kgm3 at its normal...Ch. 1 - Calculate the volume of all gases evolved by the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.35NPCh. 1 - A glass bulb of volume 0.198 L contains 0.457 g of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.37NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.38NPCh. 1 - Many processes such as the fabrication of...Ch. 1 - Rewrite the van der Waals equation using the molar...
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- For liquid-state samples of the following diatomic molecules, indicate the type or types of intermolecular forces (dipoledipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, London forces) present. There may be more than one correct answer in a given situation. a. H2 b. HF c. CO d. F2arrow_forwardWhat are the two ways in which the escape of high-energy molecules from the surface of a liquid during the process of evaporation affects the liquid?arrow_forwardPredict which liquid—glycerol, HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH, or hexane, C6H14—has the greater surface tension. Explain your prediction.arrow_forward
- Define the following terms and describe how each depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces. a. surface tension b. viscosity c. melting point d. boiling point e. vapor pressurearrow_forwardWhich would you expect to have the higher fusion enthalpy, N2 or I2? Explain your choice.arrow_forwardThe compounds ethanol (C2H5OH) and dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3) have the same molecular formula. Which is expected to have the higher surface tension? Why?arrow_forward
- 5-106 The normal boiling point of hexane, C6H14, is 69°C, and that of pentane, C5H12, is 36°C. Predict which of these compounds has a higher vapor pressure at 20°C.arrow_forwardThe normal boiling point of SO2 is 263.1 K and that of NH3 is 239.7 K. At −40 °C, would you predict that ammonia has a vapor pressure greater than, less than, or equal to that of sulfur dioxide? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following substances can be liquefied by applying pressure at 25C? For those that cannot, describe the conditions under which they can be liquefied. Substance Critical Temperature Critical Pressure Sulfur dioxide, SO2 158C 78 atm Acetylene, C2H2 36C 62 atm Methane. CH4 82C 46 atm Carbon monoxide, CO 140C 35 atmarrow_forward
- In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, in what ways are liquids similar to gases? In what ways are liquids different from gases?arrow_forwardGases produced by a chemical reaction can easily be collected over water. To determine the pressure of the dry gas, the vapor pressure of the water at that temperature must be subtracted from the total pressure. 1) Consider the following reaction: Mg(s) + 2 HC1(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) The total pressure of gas collected over water is 725.0 mmHg and the temperature is 19.5°C What is the pressure of hydrogen gas formed in mmHg? Pressure = mmHgarrow_forward10. GAS SAMPLE DATA A student collected a sample of hydrogen gas by the displacement of water as shown by the diagram above. The relevant data are given in the following table. Volume of sample Gas Sample Temperature Atmospheric Pressure Equilibrium Vapor Pressure of H₂O (25°C) Water 90.0 mL 25°C 745 mm Hg 23.8 mm Hg (a) Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas collected. (b) Calculate the number of molecules of water vapor in the sample of gas. (c) Calculate the ratio of the average speed of the hydrogen molecules to the average speed of the water vapor molecules in the sample. (d) Which of the two gases, H₂ or H₂O, deviates more from ideal behavior? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
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