Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321766182
Author: Thomas Engel, Philip Reid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.10NP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The number of breaths taken by diver in the tank of depth 35 m assuming constant temperature needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction: The ideal gas equation is the equation which gives the relations between P,V, n and T of gases. It can be written as:
Here, P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is Universal gas constant and T is temperature.
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A sample of an ideal gas at 1.00 bar and a volume of 1.91 L1.91 L was placed in a weighted balloon and dropped into the ocean. As the sample descended, the water pressure compressed the balloon and reduced its volume. When the pressure had increased to 60.0 bar,60.0 bar, what was the volume of the sample? Assume that the temperature was held constant.
Consider Argon (Ar) gas at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature of 300 K. The equivalent hardsphere radius (known as the Van Der Waal radius) of an Argon molecule is 188 picometers (pm)and its atomic mass is 39.948u. Note that 1u = 1.6605 x 10-27kg.
a)How many molecules are contained in a cube 1 cm by 1 cm by 1 cm?
b)Estimate the mean free path. At scales much larger than this, a continuum description holds.
c)What is the density of the gas?
d)Estimate the "root mean squared" molecular speed, i.e. SQRT( (V^2) )
e)Estimate the dynamic and kinematic viscosities. Compare these with literature values, forexample from webbook.nist.edu.
f) Plot the variation of dynamic viscosity with temperature in the range between 300K and3000K at a fixed pressure of 1 bar. Use Matlab, Python, Mathematica, or any other softwareyou may choose.
The ideal gas law also represents the behaviour of mixtures of gases at low pressures. The molar volume of the mixture is the volume divided by the amount of mixture. The partial pressure of gas in a mixture is defined as yiP for an ideal gas mixture, where yi is its mole fraction and P is the total pressure. Ten grams of N2 is mixed with 5 grams of O2 and held at 25oC at 0.750 bar.
a. What are the mole fractions of N2 and O2?
b. What are the partial pressures of N2 and O2?
c. What is the volume of the total mixture?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
Ch. 1 - Real walls are never totally adiabatic. Use your...Ch. 1 - The parameter a in the van der Waals equation is...Ch. 1 - Give an example based on molecule—molecule...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.4CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.5CPCh. 1 - The location of the boundary between the system...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7CPCh. 1 - At sufficiently high temperatures, the van der...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.10CP
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.11CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.12CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.13CPCh. 1 - The mass of a He atom is less than that of an Ar...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.15CPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1NPCh. 1 - A compressed cylinder of gas contains 2.74103g of...Ch. 1 - Calculate the pressure exerted by Ar for a molar...Ch. 1 - A sample of propane C3H8 is placed in a closed...Ch. 1 - A gas sample is known to be a mixture of ethane...Ch. 1 - One liter of fully oxygenated blood can carry 0.18...Ch. 1 - Yeast and other organisms can convert glucose...Ch. 1 - A vessel contains 1.15 g liq H2O in equilibrium...Ch. 1 - Consider a 31.0 L sample of moist air at 60.C and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.11NPCh. 1 - A rigid vessel of volume 0.400m3 containing H2 at...Ch. 1 - A mixture of oxygen and hydrogen is analyzed by...Ch. 1 - An athlete at high performance inhales 3.75L of...Ch. 1 - Devise a temperature scale, abbreviated G, for...Ch. 1 - Aerobic cells metabolize glucose in the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.17NPCh. 1 - A mixture of 2.10103g of O2, 3.88103mol of N2, and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.19NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.20NPCh. 1 - An initial step in the biosynthesis of glucose...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.22NPCh. 1 - Assume that air has a mean molar mass of 28.9gmol1...Ch. 1 - When Julius Caesar expired, his last exhalation...Ch. 1 - Calculate the number of molecules per m3 in an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.26NPCh. 1 - A mixture of H2 and NH3 has a volume of 139.0cm3...Ch. 1 - A sealed flask with a capacity of 1.22dm3 contains...Ch. 1 - A balloon filled with 11.50 L of Ar at 18.7C and 1...Ch. 1 - Carbon monoxide competes with oxygen for binding...Ch. 1 - The total pressure of a mixture of oxygen and...Ch. 1 - Suppose that you measured the product PV of 1 mol...Ch. 1 - Liquid N2 has a density of 875.4kgm3 at its normal...Ch. 1 - Calculate the volume of all gases evolved by the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.35NPCh. 1 - A glass bulb of volume 0.198 L contains 0.457 g of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.37NPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.38NPCh. 1 - Many processes such as the fabrication of...Ch. 1 - Rewrite the van der Waals equation using the molar...
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- 93 The complete combustion of octane can be used as a model for the burning of gasoline: 2C8H18+25O216CO2+18H2O Assuming that this equation provides a reasonable model of the actual combustion process, what volume of air at 1.0 atm and 25°C must be taken into an engine to burn 1 gallon of gasoline? (The partial pressure of oxygen in air is 0.21 atm and the density of liquid octane is 0.70 g/mL.)arrow_forwardHow would the use of a volatile liquid affect the measurement of a gas using open-ended manometers vs. closed-end manometers?arrow_forwardScottish physicist W. J. M. Rankine proposed an absolute temperature scale based on the Fahrenheit degree, now called degree Rankine abbreviated R and used by some engineering fields. If a degree Rankine is 5/9 of a degree Kelvin, what is the value of the ideal gas law constant in L. atm/mol. R?arrow_forward
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