FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119803645
Author: Sonntag
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.54P
A piece of experimental apparatus. Fig. P1.54. is located where
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Oil of sp.gr. = 0.9 flows through a vertical pipe (upwards). Two points A and B one
above the other 40 cm apart in a pipe are connected by a U-tube carrying mercury. If
the difference of pressure between A and B is 0.2 kg/cm,
1- Find the reading of the manometer.
2- If the oil flows through a horizontal pipe, find the reading in manometer for the
same difference in pressure between A and B.
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1. A tank is filled with air at a gauge pressure of 6 bar and 55 °C, determine the specific weight
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changing with time.
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6. A Venturimeter having inlet diameter 1.8 cm and throat diameter 0.5 cm. The oil-mercury
differential manometer has a reading of 5 cm. Calculate the discharge of an oil of SG=0.9.
6 Compressed gas tanks often have gage pressures of at least 1 MPa. Suppose you wished to use a
manometer to measure the gage pressure of a compressed air tank whose pressure was at least 1
MPa. The manometer would be set up between the tank and the atmosphere. What is the minimum
length of tube needed for such a measurement if the liquid in the manometer is (a) mercury (p =
13,500 kg/m² ), (b) water (p = 1000 kg/m³ ), and (c) engine oil (p = 880 kg/m2 )? Do these seem to be
practical devices for such a measurement?
Chapter 1 Solutions
FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
Ch. 1 - Separate the list P,F,V,,T,a,m,L,t, and V into...Ch. 1 - A tray of liquid water is placed in a freezer...Ch. 1 - The overall density of fibers, rock wool...Ch. 1 - Is density a unique measure of mass distribution...Ch. 1 - Water in nature exists in three different phases:...Ch. 1 - What is the approximate mass of 1 L of gasoline?...Ch. 1 - Can you carry 1m3 of liquid water?Ch. 1 - A heavy refrigerator has four height-adjustable...Ch. 1 - A swimming pool has an evenly distributed pressure...Ch. 1 - If something floats in water, what does it say...
Ch. 1 - Two divers swim at a depth of 20 m. One of them...Ch. 1 - An operating room has a positive gage pressure,...Ch. 1 - A water skier does not sink too far down in the...Ch. 1 - What is the lowest temperature in degrees Celsius?...Ch. 1 - How cold can it be on Earth and in empty space?Ch. 1 - A thermometer that indicates the temperature with...Ch. 1 - How can you illustrate the binding energy between...Ch. 1 - One kilopond (1 kp) is the weight of 1 kg in the...Ch. 1 - A stainless steel storage tank contains 5kg of...Ch. 1 - A steel cylinder of mass 4kg contains 4L of water...Ch. 1 - The Rover Explorer has a mass of 185Kg , how much...Ch. 1 - A 1700kg car moving at 80km/h is decelerated at a...Ch. 1 - The elevator in a hotel has a mass of 750kg , and...Ch. 1 - One of the people in the previous problem weighs...Ch. 1 - A 1m3 container is filled with 400kg of granite...Ch. 1 - A power plant that separates carbon dioxide from...Ch. 1 - A 5m3 container is filled with 900kg of granite...Ch. 1 - A 5000kg elephant has a cross-sectional area of...Ch. 1 - A valve in the cylinder shown in Fig. P1.29 has a...Ch. 1 - The piston cylinder in Fig. P1.29 has a diameter...Ch. 1 - A hydraulic lift has a maximum fluid pressure of...Ch. 1 - Ahydraulic cylinder has a 125mm diameter piston...Ch. 1 - A 75kg human total footprint is 0.05m2 when the...Ch. 1 - A piston/cylinder with a cross-sectional area of...Ch. 1 - A 2.5m -tall steel cylinder has a cross-sectional...Ch. 1 - An underwater buoy is anchored at the seabed with...Ch. 1 - A floating oil rig is anchored in the seabed with...Ch. 1 - At the beach, atmospheric pressure is 1025 mbar....Ch. 1 - A steel tank of cross-sectional area 3m2 and...Ch. 1 - A piston mp=5kg , is fitted in a cylinder. A=15cm2...Ch. 1 - A container ship is 240m long and 22m wide. Assume...Ch. 1 - A probe is lowered 16m into a lake. Find the...Ch. 1 - A person, 75kg , wants to fly (hoover) on a 2kg...Ch. 1 - The density of atmospheric air is about 1.15kg/m3...Ch. 1 - A barometer to measure absolute pressure shows a...Ch. 1 - A differential pressure gauge mounted on a vessel...Ch. 1 - What pressure difference a 100-m column of...Ch. 1 - A barometer measures 760mmHg at street level and...Ch. 1 - An exploration submarine should be able to descend...Ch. 1 - The absolute pressure in a tank is 115kPa and the...Ch. 1 - An absolute pressure gauge attached to a steel...Ch. 1 - A pipe flowing light oil has a manometer attached,...Ch. 1 - The difference in height between the columns of a...Ch. 1 - A piece of experimental apparatus. Fig. P1.54. is...Ch. 1 - A 0.2m3 piece of softwood is lifted upto the top...Ch. 1 - A car of mass 1775kg travels with a velocity of...Ch. 1 - What is temperature of 5C in degrees Kelvin?Ch. 1 - A mercury thermometer measures temperature by...Ch. 1 - The density of liquid water is =1008T/2(kg/m3)...Ch. 1 - Repeat Problem 1.54 if the flow inside the...Ch. 1 - Adam retains a lake 6m deep, as shown in Fig, P...Ch. 1 - In the city water tower, water is pumped up to a...Ch. 1 - The main waterline into a tall building has a...Ch. 1 - A mass of 2lbm has an acceleration of 5ft/s2 ....Ch. 1 - How much mass is in 1 gal of gasoline? In helium...Ch. 1 - Can you easily carry a 16m bar of solid gold?Ch. 1 - What is the temperature of 5F in degrees Rankine?Ch. 1 - What is the lowest possible temperature in degrees...Ch. 1 - What is the relative magnitude of degree Rankine...Ch. 1 - The Rover Explorer has a mass of 410Ibm , how much...Ch. 1 - A 2500Ibm car moving at 25mi/h is accelerated at a...Ch. 1 - An escalator brines four people with a total mass...Ch. 1 - A car of mass 4000Ibm travels with a velocity of...Ch. 1 - A power plant that separates carbon dioxide from...Ch. 1 - The piston cylinder in Fig. P1.29 has a diameter...Ch. 1 - A laboratory room keeps a vacuum of oil 1in. of...Ch. 1 - A person, 175Ibm , wants to fly (hoover) on a 4lbm...Ch. 1 - A floating oil rig is anchored in the seabed with...Ch. 1 - A container ship is 790ft long and 72ft wide....Ch. 1 - A manometer shows a pressure difference of 3.5in....Ch. 1 - What pressure difference does a 300-ft column of...Ch. 1 - A piston cylinder with a cross-sectional area of...Ch. 1 - The main waterline into a tall building has a...Ch. 1 - A piston, mp=10lbm , is fitted in a cylinder,...Ch. 1 - The human comfort zone is between 18 and 24C ....
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- Please explain wellarrow_forwardA barometer reads 760 mmHg and a pressure gage attached to a tank reads 850 cm of oil (sp.gr. = 0.80). What is the absolute pressure in the tank in kPa?arrow_forwardto gage pressure if it is not specified. Problem 1: A tank shown in Fig. 1 is filled with two different fluids. The pressure at the top of the tank is 1000 kPa. Calculate the pressure at the bottom of the tank. Table 1 Density and depth of each fluid column P1 P2 1500 kg/m³ 200 kg/m³ hı 2500 m h₂ 500 m Pi P2 1000 KPa h₁ h2 Fig. 1 Vertical tankarrow_forward
- Solve these..arrow_forwardH.W.1/: The water in a tank is pressurized by air, and the pressure is measured by a multifluid manometer as shown in Fig. below. Determine the gage pressure of air in the tank if hl = 0.4 m, h2 = 0.6 m, and h3 = 0.8 m. Take the densities of water, oil, and mercury to be 1000 kg/m³, 850 kg/m³, and 13600 kg/m3, respectively? Oil Air Water IT h2 h3 Mercuryarrow_forward4. Figure shows a tank within a tank, each containing air. Pressure gage A is located inside the tank B and reads 140 kPa. The U-tube manometer connected to tank B contains mercury. Using data on the diagram, determine the absolute pressures inside the tank A and tank B. Tank B P= 101 kPa L=20 cm Tank A Gage A Mercury (p =13.59 g/cm?) g=9.8i m/s? Peor. A=14 bararrow_forward
- (5) Pressure Cooker (6) Carburetor (7) Radiator of an automobile. 2. Convert the following reading of pressure to kPa, assuming that the barometer reads 760mm Hg. (1) 90cm Hg gauge (2) 40cm Hg vacuum (3) 1.2m H20 gauge 3. Five masses in a region where the acceleration due to gravity is 30, 5 ft/s are as follows: m, is-arrow_forwardHW2.1 A V= im' volume of water is contained in a rigid container. Estimate the change in the volume of the water when a piston applies a pressure of Ap = 35MP..arrow_forwarda) The pressure difference between an oil pipe and a water pipe is measured by a double- fluid manometer, as shown in Figure for Q. No. 1(a). For the given fluid heights and specific gravities, calculate the pressure difference AP = Pg – PA- Glycerin SG = 1.26 Water SG = 1.0 Oil SG = 0.88 60 cm 10 cm B 15 cm 20 cm Mercury SG = 13.5arrow_forward
- Please don't provide handwritten solution ....arrow_forwardThe figure belows shows a closed tank holding air and oil to which is connected a U-tube mercury manometer and a pressure gage, with L1 = 3 ft, L2 = 0.5 ft, and L3 = 1.25 ft. The densities of the oil and mercury are 55 and 845, respectively, each in Ib/ft³. Let g = 32.2 ft/s?. Pressure gage Air Oil (p = 55 Ib/t) Pam Mercury (p= 845 Ib/n) g = 32.2 is? Determine the reading of the pressure gage, in Ibf/in.2 (gage).arrow_forward(b) The gage pressure of the air in the tank shown in figure Q1(b) is measured to be 80 kPa and height unit in meter. Determine the differential height, h of the mercury column. Patm Oil. 80 kPa SG = 0.72 0.9 Water Air 0.4 h 0.7 Oil SG = 0.5 Mercury SG = 13.6 figure Q1(b)arrow_forward
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