FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119803645
Author: Sonntag
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.2P
A tray of liquid water is placed in a freezer where it cools from 20 to
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3. 5 kg air with initial temperature of 100°C expands at a constant pressure of 2 bar to reach to a final volume 5
m3.
A. How much work is done in this process?
B. How much heat must be supplied for the expansion process?
A furnace heats water at a saturated state with a pressure of 1 bar. How much heat is given When the water condition in the tank is 15 bar and 500°C. Specify:
a) Heat needed?
b) Internal changes in energy?
c) Work done?
3. In a hot water heating system, water heated to
95°C and then is pumped at the rate of 4 L/min
through a radiator where it is cooled to 35°C. If
the water arives at the radiator at a
temperature of 85°C, how much heat in kJ does
the radiator release each hour?
Chapter 1 Solutions
FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
Ch. 1 - Separate the list P,F,V,,T,a,m,L,t, and V into...Ch. 1 - A tray of liquid water is placed in a freezer...Ch. 1 - The overall density of fibers, rock wool...Ch. 1 - Is density a unique measure of mass distribution...Ch. 1 - Water in nature exists in three different phases:...Ch. 1 - What is the approximate mass of 1 L of gasoline?...Ch. 1 - Can you carry 1m3 of liquid water?Ch. 1 - A heavy refrigerator has four height-adjustable...Ch. 1 - A swimming pool has an evenly distributed pressure...Ch. 1 - If something floats in water, what does it say...
Ch. 1 - Two divers swim at a depth of 20 m. One of them...Ch. 1 - An operating room has a positive gage pressure,...Ch. 1 - A water skier does not sink too far down in the...Ch. 1 - What is the lowest temperature in degrees Celsius?...Ch. 1 - How cold can it be on Earth and in empty space?Ch. 1 - A thermometer that indicates the temperature with...Ch. 1 - How can you illustrate the binding energy between...Ch. 1 - One kilopond (1 kp) is the weight of 1 kg in the...Ch. 1 - A stainless steel storage tank contains 5kg of...Ch. 1 - A steel cylinder of mass 4kg contains 4L of water...Ch. 1 - The Rover Explorer has a mass of 185Kg , how much...Ch. 1 - A 1700kg car moving at 80km/h is decelerated at a...Ch. 1 - The elevator in a hotel has a mass of 750kg , and...Ch. 1 - One of the people in the previous problem weighs...Ch. 1 - A 1m3 container is filled with 400kg of granite...Ch. 1 - A power plant that separates carbon dioxide from...Ch. 1 - A 5m3 container is filled with 900kg of granite...Ch. 1 - A 5000kg elephant has a cross-sectional area of...Ch. 1 - A valve in the cylinder shown in Fig. P1.29 has a...Ch. 1 - The piston cylinder in Fig. P1.29 has a diameter...Ch. 1 - A hydraulic lift has a maximum fluid pressure of...Ch. 1 - Ahydraulic cylinder has a 125mm diameter piston...Ch. 1 - A 75kg human total footprint is 0.05m2 when the...Ch. 1 - A piston/cylinder with a cross-sectional area of...Ch. 1 - A 2.5m -tall steel cylinder has a cross-sectional...Ch. 1 - An underwater buoy is anchored at the seabed with...Ch. 1 - A floating oil rig is anchored in the seabed with...Ch. 1 - At the beach, atmospheric pressure is 1025 mbar....Ch. 1 - A steel tank of cross-sectional area 3m2 and...Ch. 1 - A piston mp=5kg , is fitted in a cylinder. A=15cm2...Ch. 1 - A container ship is 240m long and 22m wide. Assume...Ch. 1 - A probe is lowered 16m into a lake. Find the...Ch. 1 - A person, 75kg , wants to fly (hoover) on a 2kg...Ch. 1 - The density of atmospheric air is about 1.15kg/m3...Ch. 1 - A barometer to measure absolute pressure shows a...Ch. 1 - A differential pressure gauge mounted on a vessel...Ch. 1 - What pressure difference a 100-m column of...Ch. 1 - A barometer measures 760mmHg at street level and...Ch. 1 - An exploration submarine should be able to descend...Ch. 1 - The absolute pressure in a tank is 115kPa and the...Ch. 1 - An absolute pressure gauge attached to a steel...Ch. 1 - A pipe flowing light oil has a manometer attached,...Ch. 1 - The difference in height between the columns of a...Ch. 1 - A piece of experimental apparatus. Fig. P1.54. is...Ch. 1 - A 0.2m3 piece of softwood is lifted upto the top...Ch. 1 - A car of mass 1775kg travels with a velocity of...Ch. 1 - What is temperature of 5C in degrees Kelvin?Ch. 1 - A mercury thermometer measures temperature by...Ch. 1 - The density of liquid water is =1008T/2(kg/m3)...Ch. 1 - Repeat Problem 1.54 if the flow inside the...Ch. 1 - Adam retains a lake 6m deep, as shown in Fig, P...Ch. 1 - In the city water tower, water is pumped up to a...Ch. 1 - The main waterline into a tall building has a...Ch. 1 - A mass of 2lbm has an acceleration of 5ft/s2 ....Ch. 1 - How much mass is in 1 gal of gasoline? In helium...Ch. 1 - Can you easily carry a 16m bar of solid gold?Ch. 1 - What is the temperature of 5F in degrees Rankine?Ch. 1 - What is the lowest possible temperature in degrees...Ch. 1 - What is the relative magnitude of degree Rankine...Ch. 1 - The Rover Explorer has a mass of 410Ibm , how much...Ch. 1 - A 2500Ibm car moving at 25mi/h is accelerated at a...Ch. 1 - An escalator brines four people with a total mass...Ch. 1 - A car of mass 4000Ibm travels with a velocity of...Ch. 1 - A power plant that separates carbon dioxide from...Ch. 1 - The piston cylinder in Fig. P1.29 has a diameter...Ch. 1 - A laboratory room keeps a vacuum of oil 1in. of...Ch. 1 - A person, 175Ibm , wants to fly (hoover) on a 4lbm...Ch. 1 - A floating oil rig is anchored in the seabed with...Ch. 1 - A container ship is 790ft long and 72ft wide....Ch. 1 - A manometer shows a pressure difference of 3.5in....Ch. 1 - What pressure difference does a 300-ft column of...Ch. 1 - A piston cylinder with a cross-sectional area of...Ch. 1 - The main waterline into a tall building has a...Ch. 1 - A piston, mp=10lbm , is fitted in a cylinder,...Ch. 1 - The human comfort zone is between 18 and 24C ....
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- 2. Water at 25C and a quality of 1% is contained in a spherical tank that has a diameter of .5m. The water is heated until it is a saturated vapor. How much heat transfer occurred during this process?arrow_forwardRefrigerant-134a is in an insulated canister with temperature 25 C. There is a partition in the canister so the refrigerant is a saturated liquid and takes up 1/100 of the volume of the canister. The rest of the volume is evacuated. When the canister is activated by squeezing (no work done activating) the partition breaks and the refrigerant fills the total volume. Final pressure is 100 kPa. a.) What are two assumptions needed for the problem? What properties are needed to solve part b.) and c.) b.) What is the change in specific enthalpy within the canister? c.) What is the final quality of the refrigerant within the canister?arrow_forwardNeed fast dont use chat gpt THANKS need accurate answer ok.arrow_forward
- Q/ A radiator of steam heating system has a volume of 0.2 m'. When the radiator is filled with saturated steam at a pressure of 1.5 bar all valves are closed. After a period of time the pressure inside the radiator becomes 1.4 bar due to heat lost to surrounding air. Calculate: 1- mass of steam within the radiator. 2- mass and volume of liquid water at the final state. 3- mass and volume of vapor at the final state. From steam tables, at 1.5 bar, Since all valves are closed the specific volume of steam remains constant as heat is lost. At 1.4 bar, Since v2 < v g at 1.4 bar the steam becomes wet.arrow_forwardSubject ThermodynamicsFor the question (check the image)I need:1. Give the assumption(s) required, the principle(s) to be applied to problem2. What is the work in HP?arrow_forwardThermodynamics problem. If I have water vapor at 125◦C inside a piston, what pressure is necessary to convert the vapor to liquid water without changing the temperature?arrow_forward
- please show me a complete solution topic is ideal gas processes.arrow_forwardAssignment #4 A closed container of water is at 700kPa. The mass of the saturated liquid is 1.78 kg, and the mass of the saturated vapor is 0.22 kg. Heat increases the pressure to 8 MPa. a) Find the final temperature, enthalpy and internal energy. b) Plot this process on a T-v diagram. (Ans: 362°C, 3024 kJ/kg, 2776 kJ/kg)arrow_forwardQ2. ( A steam generation unit in power plant operates at a constant pressure of (8 bar) and the water evaporates at the rate of (500kg /h). Inlet and leaving water enthalpy are (110kj/kg) and (1800kj/kg) respectively. The inlet and outlet velocity are (9 m/s) and (22m/s) respectively. Determine the work done and the heat evaporation if the inlet and outlet diameter from steam generation unit are the same level.arrow_forward
- 1. A rigid tank contains 2 kg of nitrogen at 27°C. The temperature rises to 127°C by heat transfer to the system. Find the heat transfer and the ratio of the final pressure to the initial pressure.arrow_forwardHelium at 660 K expands in a turbine to 369 K during which 84 kJ/kg of heat was lost to the surroundings which are at 27 C. The pressure across the turbine was 6.0, What is the actual specific work "kJ/kg"?arrow_forward100kg of water at 75C and 1 bar is heated in a boiler to superheated steam at 5 bar and 350C. Calculate the change in internal energy a. 200,100 kJ/s b. 98,221 kJ/s c. 67,763 kJ/s CHIL d. 256,910 kJ/sarrow_forward
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