Nutrition
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337906371
Author: Sizer, Frances Sienkiewicz., WHITNEY, Ellie
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 11SC
Studies of populations in which observation is accompanied by experimental manipulation of some population members are referred to as
a. case studies
b. intervention studies
c. laboratory studies
d. epidemiological studies
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- All of the following are epidemiological study designs are "observational" in nature, except a. Ecological studies b. Descriptive studies c. Randomized controlled trials d. Prospective cohort studiesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? a. Case reports and case series are not useful as scientific evidence b. Experimental studies, such as randomized controlled trials, are mandatory to confirm associations between a risk factor and a disease c. Case reports and case series can provide clues to a new/emerging health condition d. Case-reports and case-series are based solely on the opinions of the investigatorarrow_forward================================Community health nurses use epidemiological concepts to: a.Improve the health of population groups by identifying risk factors that reduce risk and promote illness. b.None of the answers. c.Epidemiological methods are not needed in assessment diagnosis, planning or evaluating community interventions. d.Epidemiologists are not concerned with interrelationships between host and environmental characteristics. ================================Which of the following is an epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic? a.Conducting assessment of suspected cases to detect the communicable disease, and teaching the community on preventive measures against the disease. b.Teaching the community on preventive measures against the disease. c.Monitoring the condition of the cases affected by the communicable disease. d.Participating in the investigation to determine the source of the epidemic.arrow_forward
- In the context of a case control study, matching can help you: a. Eliminate random error b. Ensure a large sample size c. Ensure comparability between cases and controls d. Study the factors you match on as potential exposuresarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the role of epidemiology in health policy is the most appropriate? a. Epidemiology contributes to the development of evidence-based health policies b. Evidence from experimental epidemiological studies is mandatory to advocate for a health policy c. Once a health policy has been implemented, epidemiology helps in evaluating its effectiveness d. Both a and c are correct e. Both a and b are correct f. All the options are correctarrow_forwardIn the context of a case-control study, a pro of recruiting incident cases rather than prevalent cases is: a. Incidence is easier to assess than prevalence b. Incidence provides a measure of the burden of disease at one “snapshot” in time c. Using incident cases allows researchers to account for case-deaths that would not be evident if only prevalent cases were considered d. None of the abovearrow_forward
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- Which of the following scenarios is the least likely to result in a decrease in disease prevalence in a specific population? (assume that there is no migration into or from the population) a. Emergence of a new curative treatment, while incidence remains the same as before b. A more relaxed case definition for the disease, while survival and cure rates remain the same as before c. A worsening of disease reporting standards leading to underreporting of cases, while survival and cure rates remains the same as before d. Higher mortality from the disease, while incidence remains the same as beforearrow_forwardWhich of the following is generally considered to be the ideal public health intervention? A.Disease surveillance B.Policy change C.Health education D.Health campaignsarrow_forwardWhy is it important and crucial for investigators to examine incidence density rather than cumulative incidence of intravenous drug use (IDU) in the studies that followed non-ID users over time? A. Incidence density increases with a greater follow-up period B. Incidence density is a better measure for a uniform follow-up period C. Incidence density is a rate, and, hence, accounts for different follow-up periods D. None of the abovearrow_forward
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