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All Textbook Solutions for Principles of Accounting Volume 2

Titanium Blades refines titanium for use in all brands of razor blades. It prepared a static budget for the sales of 5,000 units. These variances were observed: Determine the static budget and use the information to prepare a flexible budget and analysis for the 6,000 units actually sold.Lens & Shades sells sunglasses for $37 each and is estimating sales of 21,000 units in January and 19,000 in February. Each lens consist of 2.00 mm of plastic costing $2.50 per mm, 1.7 oz of dye costing $2.80 per ounce. and 0.50 hours direct labor at a labor rate of $18 per unit. Desired inventory levels are: Prepare a sales budget, production budget, direct materials budget for silicon and solution, and a direct labor budget.The following data were obtained from the financial records of Sonicbrush, Inc., for March: Sales are expected to increase each month by 15%. Prepare a budgeted income statement.TIB makes custom guitars and prepared the following sales budget for the second quarter It also has this additional information related to its expenses: Direct material per unit $55, Direct labor per hour 20, Variable manufacturing overhead per hour 3.50, Fixed manufacturing overhead per month 3,000, Sales commissions per unit 20, Sales salaries per month 5,000, Delivery expense per unit 0.50, Utilities per month 4,000. Administrative salaries per month 20,000, Marketing expenses per month 8,000, Insurance expense per month 11,000, Depreciation expense per month 9,000. Prepare a sales and administrative expense budget for each month in the quarter ended June 30. 2018.Prepare a budgeted income statement using the information shown.Prepare a budgeted income statement using the information shown.Relevant data from the operating budget of The Framers are: Other data: Capital assets were sold in quarter 1 and $8,000 was collected in quarter 1 and $500 collected in quarter 2. Dividends of $500 will be paid in May The beginning cash balance was $50,000 and a required minimum cash balance is $10,000. Prepare a cash budget for the first two quarters of the year.Fill in the missing information from the following schedules:Mesa Aquatics, Inc. estimated direct labor hours as 1,900 in quarter 1, 2,000 in quarter 2.2,200 in quarter 3, and 1,800 in quarter 4. a sales and administration budget using the information provided.Amusement tickets estimated sales are: What are the balances in accounts receivable for April, May, and June if 60% of sales are collected in the month of sale, 30% are collected the month after the sale, and 10% are collected the second month after the sale?All Temps has a policy of always paying within the discount period, and each of its suppliers provides a discount of 2% if paid within 10 days of purchase. Because of the purchase policy, 80% of its payments are made in the month of purchase and 20% are made the following month. The direct materials budget provides for purchases of $23,812 in February, $23,127 in March, $21,836 in April, and $28,173 in May.What is the balance in accounts payable for April 30, and May 31?Prepare a flexible budgeted income statement for 47,000 units using the following information from a static budget for 45,000 units:Before the year began, the following static budget was developed for the estimated sales of 50,000. Sales are higher than expected and management needs to revise its budget. Prepare a flexible budget for 100,000 and 110,000 units of sales.Artic Camping Gears currently sells 35,000 units at $73 per unit. Its expenses are as follows: Management believes it can increase sales by 2,000 units for every $5 decrease in sales price. It also believes the additional sales will allow a decrease in direct material of $1 for each additional 2,000 units. Prepare a flexible budgeted income statement for 35,000-, 37,000-, and 39,000-unit sales.14PB Identify the document that contains the information listed in these lines from the budgeted balance sheet shown. Accounts receivable Finished goods inventory Machinery Accumulated depreciation Notes payable Common stock Replenish sells shampoo that removes chlorine from hair. It prepared a static budget for the sales of 10,000 units. These variances were observed: Determine the static budget and use the information to prepare a flexible budget and analysis for the 8,000 units actually sold.Why is a clear understanding of managements goals and objectives necessary for effective budgets?It is proper budgeting procedure to begin with estimated revenues, but why might some nonprofit entities begin planning their expenditures instead of their revenues?How would a human resources department use information in the operating budgets?How would maintenance departments use information in the budget?How might service industries predict revenue?The management of Hess, Inc., is developing a flexible budget for the upcoming year. It was not pleased with the small amount of net income the budget showed at all sales levels and Is contemplating using a less expensive material. This action reduces direct material cost by $1 per unit. What would be the effects on financial statements and a flexible budget if management takes this approach? Are there other factors that need to be considered?When would a static budget be effective in evaluating a managers performance?If management is being evaluated on their ability to manage a budget, what can they do to increase cash flow?If management is being evaluated on their ability to manage a budget, what can they do to decrease cash outflow?Why does a company use a standard costing system? A. to identify variances from actual cost that assist them in maintaining profits B. to identify nonperformers in the workplace C. to identify what vendors are unreliable D. to identify defective materials This standard is set at a level that may be reached with reasonable effort. A. ideal standard B. attainable standard C. unattainable standard D. variance from standard This standard is set at a level that could be achieved if everything ran perfectly. A. ideal standard B. attainable standard C. unattainable standard D. variance from standard This variance is the difference involving spending more or using more than the standard amount. A. favorable variance B. unfavorable variance C. no variance D. variance This variance is the difference involving spending less, or using less than the standard amount. A. favorable variance B. unfavorable variance C. no variance D. variance What are some possible reasons for a material price variance? A. substandard material B. labor rate increases C. labor rate decreases D. labor efficiency When is the material price variance unfavorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price When is the material price variance favorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price What are some reasons for a material quantity variance? A. building rental charges increase B. labor rate decreases C. more qualified workers D. labor efficiency increases When is the material quantity variance favorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price When is the material quantity unfavorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price What are some possible reasons for a labor rate variance? A. hiring of less qualified workers B. an excess of material usage C. material price increase D. utilities usage change When is the labor rate variance unfavorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price When is the labor rate variance favorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price What are some possible reasons for a direct labor time variance? A. utility usage decrease B. less qualified workers C. office supplies spending D. sales decline When is the direct labor time variance favorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price When is the direct labor time variance unfavorable? A. when the actual quantity used is greater than the standard quantity B. when the actual quantity used is less than the standard quantity C. when the actual price paid is greater than the standard price D. when the actual price is less than the standard price A flexible budget______. A. predicts estimated revenues and costs at varying levels of production B. gives actual figures for selling price C. gives actual figures for variable and fixed overhead D. is not used in overhead variance calculations The variable overhead rate variance is caused by the sum between which of the following? A. actual and standard allocation base B. actual and standard overhead rates C. actual and budgeted units D. actual units and actual overhead rates The variable overhead efficiency variance is caused by the difference between which of the following? A. actual and budgeted units B. actual and standard allocation base C. actual and standard overhead rates D. actual units and actual overhead rates The fixed factory overhead variance is caused by the difference between which of the following? A. actual and standard allocation base B. actual and budgeted Units C. actual fixed overhead and applied fixed overhead D. actual and standard overhead rates Which of the following is a possible cause of an unfavorable material price variance? A. purchasing too much material B. purchasing higher-quality material C. hiring substandard workers D. buying substandard material Which of the following is a possible cause of an unfavorable material quantity variance? A. purchasing substandard material B. hiring higher-quality workers C. paying more than should have for workers D. purchasing too much material Which of the following is a possible cause of an unfavorable labor efficiency variance? A. hiring substandard workers B. making too many Units C. buying higher-quality material D. paying too much for workers Which of the following is a possible cause of an unfavorable labor rate variance? A. hiring too many workers B. hiring higher-quality workers at a higher wage C. making too many units D. purchasing too much material What two components are needed to determine a standard for materials?What two components are needed to determine a standard for labor?What elements require consideration before establishing an overhead standard?What is a variance?What causes the material price variance?What causes the material quantity variance?What are some possible causes of a material price variance?What are some possible causes of a material quantity variance?What is the direct labor rate variance?What is the direct labor time variance?What are some possible causes of a direct labor rate variance?What are some possible causes of a direct labor time variance?How is the total direct labor variance calculated?What causes the variable overhead rate variance?What causes the variable overhead efficiency variance?What is the main difference between a flexible budget and a master budget?What causes a favorable variance?What causes an unfavorable variance?When might a favorable variance not be a good outcome?When might an unfavorable variance be a good outcome?Identify several causes of a favorable material price variance.Identify several causes of an unfavorable material price variance.Identify several causes of a favorable material quantity variance.Identify several causes of an unfavorable material quantity.Identify several causes of a favorable labor rate variance.Identity several causes of an unfavorable labor rate variance.Identify several causes of a favorable labor efficiency variance.Identify several causes of an unfavorable labor efficiency variance.Moisha is developing material standards for her company. The operations manager wants grade A widgets because they are the easiest to work with and are the quality the customers want. Grade B will not work because customers do not want the lower grade, and it takes more time to assemble the product than with grade A materials. Moisha calls several suppliers to get prices for the widget. All are within $0.05 of each other. Since they will use millions of widgets, she decides that the $0.05 difference is important. The supplier who has the lowest price is known for delivering late and low-quality materials. Moisha decides to use the supplier who is $0.02 more but delivers on time and at the right quality. This supplier charges $0.48 per widget. Each unit of product requires four widgets. What is the standard cost per unit for widgets?Rene is working with the operations manager to determine what the standard labor cost is for a spice chest. He has watched the process from start to finish and taken detailed notes on what each employee does. The first employee selects and mills the wood, so it is smooth on all four sides. This takes the employee 1 hour or each chest. The next employee takes the wood and cuts it to the proper size. This takes 30 minutes. The next employee assembles and sands the chest. Assembly takes 2 hours. The chest then goes to the finishing department. It takes 1.5 hours to finish the chest. All employees are cross-trained so they are all paid the same amount per hour, $17.50. A. What are the standard hours per chest? B. What is the standard cost per chest for labor?Fiona cleans offices. She is allowed 5 seconds per square foot. She cleans building A, which is 3000 square feet, and building B. which is 2,460 square feet. Will she finish these two buildings in an 8-hour shift? Will she have time for a break?Use the information provided to create a standard cost card for production of one glove box switch. To make one switch it takes 16 feet of plastic-coated copper wire and 0.5 pounds of plastic material. The plastic material can usually be purchased for $20.00 per pound, and the wire costs $2.50 per foot. The labor necessary to assemble a switch consists of two types. The first type of labor is assembly, which takes 3.5 hours. These workers are paid $27.00 per hour. The second type of labor is finishing, which takes 2 hours. These workers are paid $29.00 per hour. Overhead is applied using labor hours. The variable overhead rate is $14.90 per labor hour. The fixed overhead rate is $15.60 per hour.Sitka Industries uses a cost system that carries direct materials inventory at a standard cost. The controller has established these standards for one ladder (unit): Sitka Industries made 3,000 ladders in July and used 8,800 pounds of material to make these units. Smith Industries bought 15,500 pounds of material in the current period. There was a $250 unfavorable direct materials price variance. A. How much in total did Sitka pay for the 15,500 pounds? B. What is the direct materials quantity variance? C. What is the total direct material cost variance? D. What ii 9,500 pounds were used to make these ladders, what would be the direct materials quantity variance? E. It there was a $340 favorable direct materials price variance, how much did Sitka pay for the 15,500 pounds of material?Use the information provided to answer the questions. All material purchased was used in production. A. What is the standard price paid for materials? B. What is the direct materials quantity variance? C. What is the total direct materials cost variance? D. If the direct materials price variance was unfavorable, what would be the standard price?Dog Bone Bakery, which bakes dog treats, makes a special biscuit for dogs. Each biscuit uses 0.75 cup of pure semolina flour. They buy 4,000 cups of flour at $0.55 per cup. They use 3,550 cups of flour to make 4,750 biscuits. The standard cost per cup of flour is $0.53. A. What are the direct materials price variance, the direct materials quantity variances, and the total direct materials cost variance? B. What is the standard cost per biscuit for the semolina flour?Queen Industries uses a standard costing system in the manufacturing of its single product. It requires 2 hours of labor to produce 1 unit of final product. In February, Queen Industries produced 12,000 units. The standard cost for labor allowed for the output was $90,000, and there was an unfavorable direct labor time variance of $5,520. A. What was the standard cost per hour? B. How many actual hours were worked? C. If the workers were paid $3.90 per hour, what was the direct labor rate variance?Penny Company manufactures only one product and uses a standard cost system. The following information is from Pennys records for May: During May, the company used 12.5% more hours than the standard allowed. A. What were the total standard hours allowed for the units manufactured during the month? 8. What were the actual hours worked? C. How many actual units were produced during May?ThingOne Company has the following information available for the past year. They use machine hours to allocate overhead. What is the variable overhead efficiency variance?A manufacturer planned to use $78 of variable overhead per unit produced, but in the most recent period, it actually used $76 of variable overhead per unit produced. During this same period, the company planned to produce 500 units but actually produced 540 units. What is the variable overhead spending variance?Acme Inc. has the following information available: A. Compute the material price and quantity, and the labor rate and efficiency variances. B. Describe the possible causes for this combination of favorable and unfavorable variances.Acme Inc. has the following information available: A. Compute the material price and quantity, and the labor rate and efficiency variances. B. Describe the possible causes for this combination of favorable and unfavorable variances.Acme Inc. has the following information available: A. Compute the material price and quantity, and the labor rate and efficiency variances. B. Describe the possible causes for this combination of favorable and unfavorable variances.Bristol is developing material standards for her company. The operations manager wants grade A plastic tops because they are the easiest to work with and are the quality the customers want. Grade B will not work because customers do not want the lower grade, and it takes more time to assemble the product than with grade A materials. Bristol calls several suppliers to get prices for the plastic top. All are within $0.10 of each other. Since the company will use millions of the plastic tops, she decides that the $0.10 difference is important. The supplier who has the lowest price is known for delivering late and low- quality materials. Bristol decides to use the supplier who is $0.04 more but delivers on time and at the right quality. This supplier charges $0.52 per plastic top. Each unit of product requires six plastic tops. What is the standard cost per unit for plastic tops?Salley is developing material and labor standards for her company. She finds that it costs $0.55 per pound of material per widget. Each widget requires 6 pounds of material per widget. Salley is also working with the operations manager to determine what the standard labor cost is for a widget. Upon observation, Salley notes that it takes 3 hours in the assembly department and 1 hour in the finishing department to complete one widget. All employees are paid $10.50 per hour. A. What is the standard materials cost per unit for a widget? 8. What is the standard labor cost per unit for a widget?Use the following information to create a standard cost card for production of one photography drone from Drone Experts. To make one drone it takes 2 pounds of plastic material. The material can usually be purchased for $25.00 per pound. The labor necessary to build a drone consists of two types. The first type of labor is assembly, which takes 10.5 hours. These workers are paid $21.00 per hour. The second type of labor is finishing, which takes 7 hours. These workers are paid $25.00 per hour. Overhead is applied using labor hours. The variable overhead rate is $14.00 per labor hour. The fixed overhead rate is $16.00 per hour.Mateo makes gizmos. He would like to set up a system to help him manage his business. The gizmos are made in a standard process. There is a certain amount of material and labor that goes into each gizmo. The only difference between the gizmo is the color of the material. What information should Mateo collect, how should he format it, and what kind of reports should he prepare to help him run his business?Smith Industries uses a cost system that carries direct materials inventory at a standard cost. The controller has established these standards for the cost of one basket (unit): Smith Industries made 3,000 baskets in July and used 15,500 pounds of material to make these units. Smith Industries paid $39,370 for the 15,500 pounds of material. A. What was the direct materials price variance for July? B. What was the direct materials quantity variance for July? C. What is the total direct materials cost variance? D. If Smith Industries used 15,750 pounds to make the baskets, what would be the direct materials quantity variance?Lizbeth, Inc., makes ice cream. The toffee coffee ice cream takes 4 quarts of cream, 3 cups of sugar. 2 tablespoons of toffee flavoring, and 1.5 tablespoons of coffee flavoring per gallon. The standard prices are $2.00 per quart of cream, $0.40 per cup of sugar, $0.50 per tablespoon of toffee flavoring, and $0.75 per tablespoon of coffee flavoring. A. What is the standard material cost for a gallon of toffee coffee ice cream? B. If Lizbeth makes 35 gallons of toffee coffee ice cream, how much of each of the ingredients should she use? C. If Lizbeth uses 105 quarts of cream to make 25 gallons of ice cream, what would be the cream (direct materials) quantity variance? D. If Lizbeth uses 45 tablespoons of toffee flavoring to make 25 gallons of ice cream, what would be the toffee flavoring (direct materials) quantity variance?Woodpecker manufactures sawmill equipment. They use a standard Costing system and recognize material price variance at the time of material purchases. They use carbide to make the teeth on their band-saw blades. They received an order for 250 band-saw blades, but they did not have any carbide in stock. They purchased 3,500 pounds of carbide for $14,875 but should have spent $16,275. Each saw blade has a standard carbide direct materials quantity of 7.8 pounds. A. If they used 8 pounds per blade, what would be the direct materials quantity variance? B. If they used 7.5 pounds per blade, what would be the direct materials quantity variance? C. Compute the direct materials price variance based on 7.5 pounds of carbide per blade actually used.Case made 24,500 units during June, using 32,000 direct labor hours. They expected to use 31,450 hours per the standard cost card. Their employees were paid $15.75 per hour for the month of June. The standard cost card uses $15.50 as the standard hourly rate. A. Compute the direct labor rate and time variances for the month of June, and also calculate the total direct labor variance. B. If the standard rate per hour was $16.00, what would change?Eagle Inc. uses a standard cost system. During the most recent period, the company manufactured 115,000 units. The standard cost sheet indicates that the standard direct labor cost per unit is $1.50. The performance report for the period includes an unfavorable direct labor rate variance of $3,700 and a favorable direct labor time variance of $10,275. What was the total actual cost of direct labor incurred during the period?A manufacturer planned to use $45 of variable overhead per unit produced, but in the most recent period, it actually used $47 of variable overhead per unit produced. During this same period, the company planned to produce 200 units but actually produced 220 units. What is the variable overhead spending variance?Fitzgerald Company manufactures sewing machines, and they produced 2,500 this past month. The standard variable manufacturing overhead (M0H) rate used by the company is $6.75 per machine hour. Each sewing machine requires 13.5 machine hours. Actual machine hours used last month were 33,500, and the actual variable MOH rate last month was $7.00. Calculate the variable overhead rate variance and the variable overhead efficiency variance.Acme Inc. has the following information available: A. Compute the material price and quantity, and the labor rate and efficiency variances. B. Describe the possible causes for this combination of favorable and unfavorable variances.Acme Inc. has the following information available: A. Compute the material price and quantity, and the labor rate and efficiency variances. B. Describe the possible causes for this combination of favorable and unfavorable variances.Acme Inc. has the following information available: A. Compute the material price and quantity, and the labor rate and efficiency variances. B. Describe the possible causes for this combination of favorable and unfavorable variances.The comptroller wants to set the standards according to a study done by a consulting firm for a company. The consulting firm used the following assumptions: The machines never break down. Workers never take a break. The material used is perfect. The material arrives on time. No one takes a day off. Workers are well trained. Workers do not make defective units. What kinds of standards are these? Will the workers be motivated to achieve these standards?Stan is opening a coffee shop next to Big State University. He knows that controlling his costs will be important to the success of the shop. He will not be able to work all the hours the shop is open, so the employees will need some guidelines to perform their jobs correctly. After talking to an accounting professor, he decides he needs a standard cost system for his shop. Describe the process Stan should follow in setting his standards for materials and labor.What makes a variance favorable? Give an example of a favorable variance involving materials. What makes a variance unfavorable? Give an example of an unfavorable variance involving labor.April Industries employs a standard costing system in the manufacturing of its sole product, a park bench. They purchased 60,000 feet of raw material for $300,000, and it takes S feet of raw materials to produce one park bench. In August, the company produced 10,000 park benches. The standard cost for material output was $100,000, and there was an unfavorable direct materials quantity variance of $6,000. A. What is April Industries standard price for one unit of material? B. What was the total number of units of material used to produce the August output? C. What was the direct materials price variance for August?Ed Co. manufactures two types of O rings, large and small. Both rings use the same material but require different amounts. Standard materials for both are shown. At the beginning of the month, Edve Co. bought 25,000 feet of rubber for $6.875. The company made 3,000 large O rings and 4,000 small O rings. The company used 14,500 feet of rubber. A. What are the direct materials price variance, the direct materials quantity variance, and the total direct materials cost variance? B. If they bought 10,000 connectors costing $310, what would the direct materials price variance be for the connectors? C. If there was an unfavorable direct materials price variance of $125, how much did they pay per toot for the rubber?The Whizbang Company makes a special type of toy. Each top takes 6 ounces of a special material that costs $3 per ounce. Whizbang bought 4,000 ounces of the material at a cost of $11,300. They used 3,400 ounces to make 534 toys. Compute the direct materials price variance, the direct materials quantity variance, and the total direct materials cost variance.Ellis Companys labor information for September is as follows: A. Compute the standard direct labor rate per hour. B. Compute the direct labor time variance. C. Compute the standard direct labor rate if the direct labor rate variance was $2,712.30 (unfavorable).Breakaway Companys labor information for May is as follows: A. What is the actual direct labor rate per hour? B. What is the standard direct labor rate per hour? C. What was the total standard direct labor cost for May? D. What was the direct labor rate variance for May?Power Co.s labor information for June is as follows: A. What was the actual labor rate per hour? B. What was the standard labor rate per hour? C. What was the total standard labor cost for units produced in June? D. What was the direct labor time variance for June?Prepare a flexible budget for overhead based on the following data:Reddy Corporation has collected the following data for the month or June: What is the variable overhead efficiency variance?ABC Inc. spent a total of $48,000 on factory overhead. Of this, $28,000 was fixed overhead. ABC Inc. had budgeted $27,000 for fixed overhead. Actual machine hours were 5.000. Standard hours for units made were 4,800. The standard variable overhead rate was $4.10. What is the variable overhead rate variance?Recompute the variances from the second Acme Inc. exercise using $0.0725 as the standard cost of the material and $14 as the standard labor cost per hour. How has your explanation of the variances changed?Sameerah is trying to determine the standard hours to make one unit. She has studied the manufacturing process and is trying to determine what portion of the employees time should be included in the Standard time to make the product. She knows that the actual time the worker is assembling, cutting, and painting should be part of the standard hours. She is questioning whether setup, down time, rest periods, and cleanup should be part of the standard hours. Explain why you would or would not include these times.Carl cleans offices. He has the following buildings to clean every day: building A, which is 12,500 square feet; building B. which is 24,500 square feet; building C, which is 10,500 square feet: and building D, which is 6,700 square feet. He is allowed 5 seconds per square foot. Each employee is allowed one 30-minute lunch per shirt. How many employees will he need to hire?Freidrich is working with the operations manager to determine what the standard material cost is for a spice chest. He has watched the process from start to finish and taken detailed notes on what material is used. The easiest material to measure is the wood. Each chest uses 5 board feet and produces 1.5 feet of scrap. He is not sure what to do with the scrap that is produced; the company cannot buy the boards in any other dimensions. What amount of materials should be included in the standard for material costs?A company bought 45,000 pounds of plastic pellets to make DVDs at a cost of $9,900. The standard cost per pound for the pellets is 20.5 cents. Some of these pellets were used in three jobs. The first job called for 7,500 pounds but used 7,250 pounds. The second job called for 8,800 pounds but used 9,000 pounds. The third job called for 2,300 pounds but used 2,250 pounds. Compute the direct materials price variance and the direct materials quantity variance for each job and in total. Why would you want to calculate the direct materials quantity variance for each job?Illinois Company is a medium-sized company that makes dresses. During the month of June, 8,575 dresses were made. All material purchases were used to make the dresses. The company had this information: standard per dress of 6 yards of material at $6.20 per yard. The actual quantity was 52,000 yards at a cost of $325,520. Compute the direct materials price variance, the direct materials quantity variance, and the total direct materials cost variance.Corolla Manufacturing has a standard cost for steel of $20 per pound for a product that uses 4 pounds of steel. During September, Corolla purchased and used 4,200 pounds of steel to make 1,040 units. They paid $20.75 per pound for the steel. Compute the direct materials price variance, the direct materials quantity variance, and the total direct materials cost variance for the month of September. What would change if Corolla had made 2,200 units?Marymount Company makes one product. In the month of April, it made 3,500 units. Workers were paid $32 per hour for labor, for a total of $718,848. The standard hours per unit are 6.4, and the standard labor wage rate is $38.40 per hour. A. What are the actual hours worked? B. What are the standard hours for the units made? C. What is the direct labor rate variance for April? D. What Is the direct labor time variance for April? E. What is the total direct labor variance for April?Adam Inc.s records for May include the following information: A. What are Adams standard labor hours for the units made? B. What is Adams total standard labor cost for the units made?Ribcos labor cost information for making its only product for March is as follows: A. What is the direct labor rate variance? B. What is the direct labor time variance? C. What is the total direct labor variance?Use the following standard cost card for 1 gallon of ice cream to answer the questions. Actual direct costs incurred to make 50 gallons of ice cream: 275 quarts of cream at $1.05 per quart 832 ounces of sugar at $0.075 per ounce 165 minutes of labor at $37 per hour All material used was bought during the current period. A. Compute the material and labor variances. B. Comment on the results and possible causes of the variances.Use the following standard cost card for 1 gallon of ice cream to answer the questions. Actual direct costs incurred to make 50 gallons of ice cream: 275 quarts of cream at $1.05 per quart 832 ounces of sugar at $0.075 per ounce 165 minutes of labor at $37 per hour All materials used were bought during the current period. A. Compute the material and labor variances. B. comment on the results and possible causes of the variances.How do you balance a firms need to succeed and the need for not asking the workers for perfection?What type of firm would use standard costing? What type of firm would not use standard costing?Is labor a true variable cost?Why would managers use a flexible budget? What information does it provide that a regular budget does not?Fill in the blanks in the following flexible budget:Before automation became more prevalent, overhead was often calculated and allocated as a function of direct labor costs or direct labor hours. Why was this the case, and has this pattern changed?In your opinion, is it important that an organization set standards and measure them monthly? Why or why not?Which of the following is nor a common goal of an organization? A. operational efficiency B. being acquired by another business C. achieving strategic goals D. measuring financial performance Which of the following does not describe a management control system? A. establishes a companys strategic goals B. implements a companys strategic goals C. monitors a companys strategic goals D. a system that only measures profitability In centralized organizations, primary decisions are made by __________. A. an individual at the top of the organization B. various managers throughout the organization C. outside consultants D. low-level management A key advantage of a decentralized organization is _________. A. increased administrative costs B. quicker decisions and response time C. the ease of aligning segment and company goals D. duplication of efforts Strategic decisions occur ______. A. frequently and involve immediate decisions B. frequently and involve long-term decisions C. infrequently and involve long-term decisions D. infrequently and involve immediate decisions Segments are uniquely identifiable components of the business and can be categorized by all of the following except _______. A. products produced B. services provided C. geographical location D. number of employees Organizational charts _____. A. list the salaries of all employees B. outline the strategic goals of the organization C. show the structure of an organization D. help management measure financial performance In a centralized organization, where are goals established? A. at the lower level of the organization and promoted upward B. outside the organization based on best practices in the industry C. by each segment of the organization D. at the highest level of the organization and promoted downward Managers in decentralized organizations make decisions relating to all of the following except_______. A. the companys stock price B. equipment purchases C. personnel D. prices to charge customers Which of the following is not a type of responsibility center? A. concentrated cost center B. investment center C. profit center D. cost center A system that establishes financial accountability for operating segments within an organization is called _______. A. a financial statement B. an internal control system C. responsibility accounting D. centralization A responsibility center in which managers are held accountable for both revenues and expenses is called a ______. A. discretionary cost center B. revenue center C. cost center D. profit center A responsibility center structure that considers investments made by the operating segments by using a common cost of capital percentage is called_______. A. return on investment B. residual income C. a profit center D. a discretionary cost center An important goal of a responsibility accounting framework is to help ensure which of the following? A. decision-making is made by the top executives. B. investments made by each segment are minimized. C. identification of operating segments that should be closed. D. segment and company financial goals are congruent.Costs that a company or manager can influence are called _______. A. discretionary costs B. fixed costs C. variable costs D. controllable costs An example of an uncontrollable cost would include all of the following except______. A. real estate taxes charged by the county in which the business operates B. per-gallon cost of fuel for the companys delivery trucks C. hourly rate of pay for the companys purchasing manager D. federal income tax rate paid by the company Internal costs that are charged to the segments of a business are called_______. A. controllable costs B. variable costs C. fixed costs D. allocated costs A transfer pricing arrangement that uses the price that would be charged to an external customer is a______. A. market-based approach B. negotiated approach C. cost approach D. decentralized approach A transfer pricing structure that considers the opportunity costs of selling to internal rather than external customers uses_______. A. the cost approach B. the general transfer pricing approach C. the market-based approach D. the opportunity cost approach What is a management control system? What are its components and how does the system help the business?Identify and describe the levels of management, including the various types of decisions managers at each level make.Discuss the difference between centralized and decentralized organizations. Does the size of the organization influence whether the organization has a centralized or decentralized structure? Explain.Identity a company where you recently shopped. Assume the company operates with a decentralized structure. Describe how customers might benefit from the decentralized structure.Discuss the difference between daily and strategic decisions. Think of a business and provide an example of a daily and strategic decision.Define segments and describe how identifying segments within a business might help manage the business.Choose a company and describe how a specific issue, policy, or procedure (for example, granting merchandise returns, establishing sales prices) might look if the business is structured as a centralized business.Choose a company and explain how a specific issue, policy, or procedure (for example, granting merchandise returns, establishing sales prices) might look if the business is structured as a decentralized business.Assume you are the manager of a local Starbucks. What factors do you feel would be relevant to hiring workers (including pay), assuming Starbucks is a decentralized organization?Assume you are the manager of a local Starbucks. What factors do you feel would be relevant to hiring workers (including pay), assuming Starbucks is a centralized organization?Lavell started out mowing lawns in the neighborhood when he was 13 years old. He did such good work that, without advertising, his business grew steadily each year. After college, Lavell decided to continue the business as a full-time career. One of his concerns, however, is the number of hours he is putting in. Once school lets out, he finds himself working long hours nearly every day of the week. Although he has added workers, his business now handles mowing, trimming, and landscaping for residential, corporate, and nonprofit clients. He is considering adding managers but is no quite sure how to structure the organization. Lavell wants to focus on building the business rather than doing the daily work, so he knows a decentralized structure will be best. He has asked you to develop a potential organizational chart to help him envision the best way to organize the business. Describe the advantages to this approach as well as any concerns he should have.Describe the concept of responsibility accounting.Describe the concept of a cost center and, using a specific organization, give an example of how this might be used to achieve the strategic goals of the organization.Describe the concept of a profit center and, using a specific organization, give an example of how this might be used to achieve the strategic goals of the organization.Explain the benefits of a return on investment structure within an investment center framework. It may help to think of an example using an existing company.Explain the benefits of a residual income structure within an investment center framework. It may help to think of an example using an existing company.Discuss the concept of controllable and uncontrollable costs and how they affect the evaluation of the responsibility centers financial performance.Discuss the concept of transfer pricing.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a market-based transfer pricing approach.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a cost-based transfer pricing approach.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a negotiated transfer pricing approach.Assume you have been hired by Hilton Hotels and Resorts. As part of your new role in the accounting department, you have been tasked to set up a responsibility accounting structure for the company. As your first task, your supervisor has asked you to give an example of a cost center, profit center, and an investment center within the Hilton organization. Your supervisor is a little unsure of the difference between a profit center and investment center and would like you to explain the difference.Consider the national nonprofit organization the American Red Cross. Assume you are the regional director of the organization, and you just received the quarterly financial reports. Even though the organization is a nonprofit, assume it is set up as a profit center because it is helpful for the financial reports to show both donations and expenses by each region/location. One particular report shows there is one location in your region that is extremely over budget on nearly every expense item. From a management perspective, can you think of a reason(s) when going over budget might actually be a good thing? As the regional manager, how might you respond to the overages to help the particular location in the future?The following information is from Bluff Run Golf Courses. The company runs three courses and the July income statement for each course is shown. A. Find the missing value for outings revenue, wages, and operating income. B. Comment on the financial performance of each course. C. Identify a limitation of analyzing the information provided. You may want to consider using Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application for the numerical data. This information will be used in a subsequent question.The following information is from Daves Sporting Goods. Daves is a Midwest sporting goods store with three regional stores. The August income statement for all stores is shown. A. Comment on the operating income results for each store. B. Now assume the costs allocated from corporate is an uncontrollable cost for each store. How does this change your assessment of each store?Assume you are the department B manager for Marleys Manufacturing. Marleys operates under a cost-based transfer structure. Assume you receive the majority of your raw materials from department A, which sells only o department B (they have no outside sales). After calculating the operating income in dollars and operating income in percentage, analyze the following financial information to determine costs that may need further investigation. (Hint: It may be helpful to perform a vertical analysis.)As manager of department B in MarIeys Manufacturing, based on the costs you identified in the previous exercise for further research, how does this impact the financial performance of your department, and what might be some questions you want to ask or solutions you might propose to Marleys management?Based on your research of the market in the previous exercises, you have determined the market price for the items your department purchase is 15% below what you are being charged by department A of Marleys Manufacturing. How would you view this as a manager? What steps could you take to solve this discrepancy? What alternatives would you consider, assuming you had control over purchasing decisions?Using the information in the previous exercises about Marleys Manufacturing, determine the operating income for department B, assuming department A sold department B 1,000 units during the month and department A reduces the selling price to the market price.Assume you have been hired by Cabelas Sporting Goods. As part of your new role in the accounting department, you have been tasked to set up a responsibility accounting structure for the company. As your first task, your supervisor has asked you to give an example of a cost center, profit center, and an investment center within the Cabelas organization. Your supervisor is a little unsure of the difference between a profit center and investment center and would like you to explain the difference.Assume you are the regional manager for a hotel chain. You receive the quarterly financial reports and notice one particular hotel had drastically lower revenue and a corresponding high occupancy rate. Upon further investigation, you discover the manager for the hotel provided lodging for a neighboring town that was hit by a tornado. As the manager, how do you respond to this?The following information is from Dessert Dynasty. The company runs three stores and the December Income Statement for all stores is shown. A. Find the missing values for retail revenue, ingredients, and operating income. B. Comment on the financial performance of each store. C. Identify a limitation of analyzing the information provided. You may want to consider using Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application for the numerical data. This information will be used in a subsequent question.The following information is from Good Read Books. Good Read is a regional book store with three regional stores. The May income statement for all stores is shown. A. Comment on the operating income results for each store. B. Now assume the costs allocated from corporate is an uncontrollable cost for each store. How does this change your assessment of each store?Assume you are the warehouse manager for Vinnies Vinyls, a multi-location business specializing in vinyl records. Vinniess operates under a cost-based transfer structure and the warehouse supplies all stores with the records. The stores can purchase records only from the warehouse, and the warehouse can only sell to Vinnies stores. The manager of the West store has some concerns relating to the stores financial performance and has asked for your help analyzing transfer costs. After calculating the operating income in dollars and the operating income percent, analyze the following financial information to determine costs that may need further investigation. (Hint: it may be helpful to perform a vertical analysis.)As manager of the warehouse for Vinnies Vinyls, based on this analysis and the items you identified for further research, what is your advice to the manager of the West store? What might be some questions you want to ask or solutions you might propose to Vinnies management?Discuss how, as warehouse manager for Vinnies Vinyls, you view the different rate of allocated costs the warehouse is being charged compared to the West store. Describe the implications of this. What steps could you take to solve this discrepancy? What alternatives would you consider, assuming management is willing to consider making changes in the rate?Determine the operating income for Vinnies Vinyls West score, assuming the warehouse allocation is reduced to 10% of sales for the warehouse and the difference will be charged to the West store. Management has determined that the warehouse takes fewer corporate resources and the allocation to the West store was lower than it should have been.Use the following information to answer the questions that follow. A. Calculate the operating income percentage for each of the courses. Comment on how your analysis has changed for each course. B. Perform a vertical analysis for each course. Based on your analysis, what accounts would you want to investigate further? How might management utilize this information? C. Which method of analysis (using a dollar value or percentage) is most relevant and/or useful? Explain The income statement comparison for Forklift Material Handling shows the income statement for the current and prior year. A. Determine the operating income (loss) (dollars) for each year. B. Determine the operating income (percentage) for each year. C. The company made a strategic decision to invest in additional assets in the current year. These amounts are provided. Using the total assets amounts as the investment base, calculate the return on investment. Was the decision to invest additional assets in the company successful? Explain. D. Assuming an 8% cost of capital, calculate the residual income for each year. Explain how this compares to your findings in part C.Assume you are the leather department manager at the Famous Football Factory. The leather department is a cost center and you are reviewing the scrap costs for the previous year, shown here: A. Using Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application, create a line chart with markers showing the leather scrap expense. Describe your observations. B. Knowing that leather is susceptible to indoor temperature, you decide to talk with the maintenance manager and obtain the following information: Using Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application, create individual line charts with markers showing the indoor temperature, spare parts inventory, and breakdowns. Describe your observations and actions you might consider.Financial information for BDS Enterprises for the year-ended December 31, 20xx, was gathered from an accounting intern, who has asked for your guidance on how to prepare an income statement format that will be distributed to management. Subtotals and totals are included in the information, but you will need to calculate the values. A. In the correct format, prepare the income statement using the following information: B. Calculate the profit margin, return on investment, and residual income. Assume an investment base of $100,000 and 6% cost of capital. C. Prepare a short response to accompany the income statement that explains why uncontrollable costs are included in the income statement.Using the information from BDS Enterprises, prepare the income statement to include all costs, but separate out uncontrollable costs. Insert subtotals where appropriate (include one for operating income) before the uncontrollable costs. Income tax expense should be based on all expenses (that is, it will be the same amount as in question 1). Calculate net income, profit margin, ROI, and RI, excluding uncontrollable expenses. Prepare a short response to accompany the income statement that explains why uncontrollable costs are separated in the income statement.Management of Great Springs Bottled Water Company has asked you, the controller, to develop a transfer pricing system for the company. The Transportation Department of the company sells all of its product to the Bottling Department of the company. Thus the Transportation Departments sales become the Bottling Departments cost of goods sold. In order to determine an optimal transfer pricing system, management would like you to demonstrate what an income statement would look like under a cost, market, and negotiated transfer pricing structure. These various transfer prices are listed as follows. Prepare an income statement for each of the transfer prices by filling in the missing numbers in the provided income statement based on each transfer price (thus four different income statements) and calculate the operating income/loss percentage. Prepare a brief summary of the results.The following revenue data were taken from the December 31, 2017, Coca-Cola annual report (10-K): For each segment and each year, calculate intersegment sales (another name for transfer sales) as a percentage of total sales, Using Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application, create a clustered column graph to show the 2016 and 2017 percentages for each division. Comment on your observations of this data. How might a division sales manager use this data?Use the following information to answer the questions that follow. A. Calculate the operating income percentage for each of the stores. Comment on how your analysis has changed for each store. B. Perform a vertical analysis for each store. Based on your analysis, what accounts would you want to investigate further? How might management utilize this information? C. Which method of analysis (using a dollar value or percentage) is most relevant and/or useful? Explain.The income statement comparison for Rush Delivery Company shows the income statement for the current and prior year. A. Determine the operating income (loss) (dollars) for each year. B. Determine the operating income (percentage) for each year. C. The company made a strategic decision to invest in additional assets in the current year. These amounts are provided. Using the total assets amounts as the investment base, calculate the ROI. Was the decision to invest additional assets in the company successful? Explain. D. Assuming an 8% cost of capital, calculate the RI for each year. Explain how this compares to your findings in part C.Assume you are the manager for the semi-trucks division at the Speedy Delivery Company. The semi-truck division is a cost center and you are reviewing the driver overtime costs for the previous year, shown here: A. Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application, create a line chart with markers showing the driver overtime expense. Describe your observations. B. Knowing that safety is important in your industry and weather plays a significant role in the safety of drivers, you decide to talk with the safety manager and obtained the following information: Using Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application, create individual line charts with markers showing the average snowfall and non-company highway accidents. Describe your observations and actions you might consider.Financial information for Lighthizer Trading Company for the fiscal year-ended September 30, 20xx, was collected. As part of a management training session, you have been asked to prepare an income statement format that will be used to distribute to management. Subtotals and totals are included in the information, but you will need to calculate the values. A. In the correct format, prepare the income statement using this information: B. Calculate the profit margin, return on investment, and residual income. Assume an investment base of $42,000 and 8% cost of capital. C. Prepare a short response to accompany the income statement that explains why uncontrollable costs are included in the income statement.Using the information for Lighthizer Trading Company, prepare the income statement to include all costs, but separate out uncontrollable costs. Insert subtotals where appropriate (include one for operating income) before the uncontrollable costs. Income tax expense should be based on all expenses (that is, it will be the same amount as in the previous exercise). Calculate net income, profit margin, ROI, and RI excluding uncontrollable expenses. Prepare a short response to accompany the income statement that explains why uncontrollable costs are separated in the income statement.Management of Green Peak Tea Company has asked you, the controller, to develop a transfer pricing system for the company. The Brewing Department of the company sells all of its product to the Bottling Department of the company. Thus the Brewing Departments sales become the Bottling Departments cost of goods sold. In order to determine an optimal transfer pricing system, management would like you to demonstrate what an income statement would look like under a cost, market, and negotiated transfer pricing structure. These various transfer prices are listed as follows. Prepare an income statement for each of the transfer prices by filling in the missing numbers in the provided income statement based on each transfer price (thus four different income statements) and calculate the operating income/loss percentage. Prepare a brief summary of the results.The following revenue data were taken from the December 31, 2017, General Electric annual report (10-K): For each segment and each year, calculate intersegment sales (another name for transfer sales) as a percentage of total sales. Using Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet application, create a clustered column graph to show the 2016 and 2017 percentages for each division. Comment on your observations of this data. How might a division sales manager use this data?You have just been elected president of a brand-new service club on campus. The club is part of a national organization, but the organization charter gives the local organization a fair amount of flexibility in setting up the management of the club. As president, you can choose to make most of the decisions for the club and pass along your direction to the officers and members below you, or you can create specific committees, such as membership or academic, arid allow each of the committees w make its own decisions and rules within the overall guidelines set out by the national charter. Consider the need to manage and evaluate the club and describe which form of organization would you set up for your club and why.______ are the costs associated with not choosing the other alternative. A. Sunk costs B. Opportunity costs C. Differential costs D. Avoidable costs Which type of incurred costs are not relevant in decision-making (i.e., they have no bearing on future events) and should be excluded in decision-making? A. avoidable costs B. unavoidable costs C. sunk costs D. differential costs The managerial decision-making process has which of the following as its third step? A. Review, analyze and evaluate the results of the decision. B. Decide, based upon the analysis, the best course of action. C. Identify alternative courses of action to achieve a goal or solve a problem. D. Perform a comprehensive differential (differential) analysis of potential solutions.Which of the following is not one of the five steps in decision-making process? A. identify alternatives B. review, analyze, and evaluate decision C. decide best action D. consult with CFO concerning variable costs Which of the following is sometimes referred to as the Anti Chain Store Acts? A. Sarbanes-Oxley Act B. Robinson-Patman Act C. Wright-Patman Act D. Securities Act of 1939 Jansen Crafters has the capacity to produce 50,000 oak shelves per year and is currently selling 44,000 shelves for $32 each. Cutrate Furniture approached Jansen about buying 1,200 shelves for bookcases it is building and is willing to pay $26 for each shelf. No packaging will be required for the bulk order. Jansen usually packages shelves for Home Depot at a price of $1.50 per shell. The $1.50 per-shelf cost is included in the unit variable cost of $27, with annual fixed costs of $320.000. However, the $130 packaging cost will not apply in this case. The fixed costs will be unaffected by the special order and the company has the capacity to accept the order. Based on this information, what would be the profit if Jansen accepts the special order? A. Profits will decrease by $1,200. B. Profits will increase by $31,200. C. Profits will increase by $600. D. Profits will increase by $7,200.______ is the act of using another company to provide goods or services that your company requires. A. Allocating B. Outsourcing C. Segmenting D. Leasing Which of the following is a disadvantage of outsourcing? A. freeing up capacity B. freeing up capital C. transferring production and technology risks D. limiting ability to upsize or downsize production Which of the following is not a qualitative decision that should be considered in an outsourcing decision? A. employee morale B. product quality C. company reputation D. relevant costs Which of the following is one of the two approaches used to analyze data in the decision to keep or discontinue a segment? A. comparing contribution margins and fixed costs B. comparing contribution margins and variable costs C. comparing gross margin and variable costs D. comparing total contribution margin under each alternative When should a segment be dropped? A. only when the decrease in total contribution margin is less than the decrease in fixed cost B. only when the decrease in total contribution margin is equal to fixed cost C. only when the increase in total contribution margin is more than the decrease in fixed cost D. only when the decrease in total contribution margin is less than the decrease in variable cost Youngstown Construction plans to discontinue its rooting segment. Last year, this segment generated a contribution margin of $65.000 and incurred $70.000 in fixed costs. Discontinuing the segment will allow the company to avoid half of the fixed costs. What effect is expected to occur to the companys overall profit? A. a decrease of $5,000 B. a decrease of $30,000 C. a decrease of $5,000 D. an increase of $30,000 Mallorys Video Supply has changed its focus tremendously and as a result has dropped the selling price of DVD players from $45 to $38. Some units in the work-in-process inventory have costs of $30 per unit associated with them, but Mallory can only sell these units in their current state for $22 each. Otherwise, it will cost Mallory $11 per unit to rework these units so that they can be sold for $38 each. How much is the financial impact if the units are processed further? A. $5 per unit profit 8. $16 per unit profit C. $3 per unit loss D. $12 per unit loss A company produces two products. E and F in batches of 100 units. The production and cost data are: The company can only perform 12,000 set-ups each period yet there is unlimited demand for each product. What is the differential profit from producing product E instead of product F for the year? A. $216,000 B. $204,000 C. $12,000 D. $54,000 When operating in a constrained environment, which products should be produced? A. products with the highest contribution margin per unit B. products with the highest contribution margin per unit of the constrained process C. products with the highest selling price D. products with the lowest allocated joint cost Your roommate at school believes that all fixed costs are always avoidable. Do you agree? How would you explain your point of view to your roommate?Explain how to differentiate short-term decisions from long-term decisions of a business and the changes in analyses that influence these decisions.Felipes Restaurant and Pie Shop needs help defining the costs for his business. He also wants to know which costs are relevant or irrelevant to his decision. Identify each cost as relevant or irrelevant. Then identify the type of cost (sunk. fixed, variable, or opportunity).What factors must any company consider before accepting a special-order contract?What are some of the qualitative issues that a special order can create?In The Trouble with Outsourcing, a Schumpeter column in The Economist, there is a statement of advice to companies, who outsource products or services: they need to think harder about what is their core business, and what is peripheral. What types of problems do you think they are talking about? In your answer, present at least five (5) problems that companies should consider when outsourcing products or services.Many outsourced jobs have resulted in offshoring jobs, rather than using domestic outsourcing. If a U.S. company wants to offshore a service like customer service, for example, what are some of their considerations? In your answer, address offshoring disadvantages as compared with domestic outsourcing.What type of qualitative issues should management consider if a quantitative analysis reveals that a segment should be dropped?In the decision by a grocery company that is trying to decide whether to keep or drop the bakery department in its grocery stores, what would the bakery managers salary be in relationship to the decision if the manager will be laid off?What is of key importance for a company whose products can be processed further?What is a general rule to remember with respect to a sell-or-process-further environment, and what costs are irrelevant to the decision?Garrison Boutique, a small novelty store, just spent $4,000 on a new software program that will help in organizing its inventory. Due to the steep learning curve required to use the new software, Garrison must decide between hiring two part-time college students or one full-time employee. Each college student would work 20 hours per week, and would earn $1 S per hour. The full-time employee would work 40 hours per week and would earn $15 per hour plus the equivalent of $2 per hour in benefits. Employees are given two polo shirts to wear as their uniform. The polo-shirts cost Garrison $10 each. What are the relevant costs, relevant revenues, sunk costs, and opportunity costs for Garrison?Derek DingIer conducts corporate training seminars on managerial accounting techniques all around the country. An upcoming training seminar is to be held in Philadelphia. Just prior to that engagement. Derek will be in New York City. He plans to stay in Philadelphia the night of the seminar, as the next morning he plans to meet with clients about future training seminar possibilities. One travel option s to fly from New York to Philadelphia on the first flight on Friday morning, which will get him to Philadelphia two hours before the start of his seminar. The cost of that flight is $287. Uber fees for his time in Philadelphia will cost $68. His meal per diem is $40 for each full day and $25 for each half day. The hotel cost is $225 per night. His second option is the rent a car and drive the two hours to Philadelphia from New York City the afternoon before the seminar. The cost of the rental car including gas is $57 per day and the car will be needed for two full days. At the end of the meetings he will return to New York City. What are the relevant costs, relevant revenues, sunk costs, and opportunity costs that Derek DingIer has to consider in making the decision whether to fly or drive from New York City to Philadelphia?Bridget Youhzi works for a large firm. Her alma mater has asked her to make a presentation to the upcoming accounting honor societys annual scholarship dinner. Her firm supports the presentation because it hopes to recruit more excellent employees like Bridget. The university is 196 miles from her office. In order to get to the dinner by 5:00 p.m., she will need to leave work at 1:00 pm. She can drive her personal car and be reimbursed $0.50 per mile. The dinner ends at 9:00 p.m. Company policy allows her to spend the night if the return trip is tour hours or more. There is a student-run inn and conference center across the street from campus that charges $101 per night. Instead of driving, she could catch a 3:00 p.m. flight that has a round, trip fare of $300. Flying would require her to rent a car for $39 per day and pay an airport parking fee of $25 for the day. The company pays a per diem of $35 for incidentals if the employee spends at least six hours out of town. (The per diem would be for one 24-hour period for either flying or driving.) As a manager, Bridget is responsible for recruiting within a budget and wants to determine which is more economical. Use the information provided to answer these questions. A. What is the total amount of expenses Bridget would include on her expense report if she drives? B. What is the total amount of expenses she would include on her expense report if she flies? C. What is the relevant cost of driving? D. What is the relevant cost of flying? E. What is the differential cost of flying over driving? F. What other factors should Bridget consider in her decision between driving and flying?Zena Technology sells arc computer printers for $55 per unit. Unit product costs are: A special order to purchase 15,000 arc printers has recently been received from another company and Zena has idle capacity to fill the order. Zena will incur an additional $2 per printer for additional labor costs due to a slight modification the buyer wants made to the original product. One-third of the manufacturing overhead costs is fixed and will be incurred no matter how many units are produced. When negotiating the price, what is the minimum selling price that Zena should accept for this special order?Shelby Industries has a capacity to produce 45.000 oak shelves per year and is currently selling 40,000 shelves for $32 each. Martin Hardwoods has approached Shelby about buying 1,200 shelves for a new project and is willing to pay $26 each. The shelves can be packaged in bulk; this saves Shelby $1.50 per shelf compared to the normal packaging cost. Shelves have a unit variable cost of $27 with fixed costs of $350,000. Because the shelves dont require packaging, the unit variable costs for the special order will drop from $27 per shelf to $25.50 per shelf. Shelby has enough idle capacity to accept the contract. What is the minimum price per shelf that Shelby should accept for this special order?Reubens Deli currently makes rolls for deli sandwiches it produces. It uses 30,000 rolls annually in the production of deli sandwiches. The costs to make the rolls are: A potential supplier has offered to sell Reuben the rolls for $0.90 each. If the rolls are purchased, 30% of the fixed overhead could be avoided, If Reuben accepts the offer, what will the effect on profit be?Almond Treats manufactures various types of cereals that feature almonds. Acme Cereal Company has approached Almond Treats with a proposal to sell the company its top selling cereal at a price of $22,000 for 20,000 pounds. The costs shown are associated with production of 20,000 pounds of almond cereal: The manufacturing overhead consists of $2,000 of variable costs with the balance being allocated to fixed costs. Should Almond Treats make or buy the almond cereal?Party Supply is trying to decide whether or not to continue its costume Segment. The information shown is available for Party Supplys business segments. Assume that neither the Direct fixed costs nor the Allocated common fixed costs may be eliminated, but will be allocated to the two remaining segments. If costumes are dropped, what change will occur to profit?Underground Food Store has 4,000 pounds of raw beef nearing its expiration date. Each pound has a cost of $450. The beef could be sold as is for $3.00 per pound to the dog food processing plant, or roasted and sold in the deli. The cost of roasting the beef will be $2.80 per pound, and each pound could be sold for $6.50. What should be done with the beef, and why?Ralston Dairy gathered this data about the two products that it produces: Which of the products should be processed further?Rough Stuff makes 2 products: khaki shorts and khaki pants for men. Each product passes through the cutting machine area, which is the chief constraint during production. Khaki shorts take 15 minutes on the cutting machine and have a contribution margin per pair of shorts of $16. Khaki pants take 24 minutes on the cutting machine and have a contribution margin per pair of pants of $32. If it is assumed that Rough Stuff has 4,800 hours available on the cutting machine to service a minimum demand for each product of 3,000 units, how much will profits increase f 100 more hours of machine time can be obtained?Rough Stuff makes 2 products: khaki shorts and khaki pants for men. Each product passes through the cutting machine area, which is the chief constraint during production. Khaki shorts take 15 minutes on the cutting machine and have a contribution margin per pair of shorts of $16. Khaki pants take 24 minutes on the cutting machine and have a contribution margin per pair of pants of $32. If it is assumed that Rough Stuff has 4,800 hours available on the cutting machine to service a minimum demand for each product of 3,000 units, how many of each product should be made?Ella Maksimov is CEO of her own marketing firm. The firm recently moved from a strip mall in the suburbs to an office space in a downtown building, in order to make the firms employees more accessible to clients. Two new clients are interested in using Ellas advertising services but both clients are in the same line of business, meaning that Ellas company can represent only one of the clients. Pampered Pooches wants to hire Ellas firm for a one-year contract for web, newspaper, radio, and direct mail advertising. Pampered will pay $126,000 for these services. Ella estimates the cost of the services requested by Pampered Pooches to be $83,000. Delightful Dogs is interested in hiring Ella to produce mass mailings and web ads. Delightful will pay Ella $94,000 for these services and Ella estimates the cost of these services to be $47,000. Identify any relevant costs, relevant revenues, sunk costs, and opportunity costs that Ella Graham has to consider in making the decision whether to represent Pampered Pooches or Delightful Dogs.You are trying to decide whether to take a job after you graduate or go onto graduate school. Consider the following questions as you make your decision. A. Which of these costs, for the most part, would be relevant (R), and which would be irrelevant (IR)? Cost of your Undergraduate education Salary with an undergraduate degree Salary with both an undergraduate degree and a graduate degree Rent Car Insurance Graduate school tuition and fees Food costs Moving expenses B. Which of these costs could have a differential amount that is relevant/irrelevant, depending upon the location and or policies of your new job?You are working for a large firm that has asked you to attend a career fair at a university that is 185 miles from your office. You need to be there at 9:00 a.m. on a Monday morning. You can drive your personal car and be reimbursed $0.55 per mile, but you would need to leave home at 5:30 a.m. to get to the event and set up on time. Company policy allows you to spend the night if you must leave town before 6:00 a.m. The hotel across the street from campus charges $85 per night. Instead of driving, you could catch a 7:00 a.m. flight with a round-trip fare of $260. Flying would require you to rent a car for $29 per day, and you would have an airport parking fee of $20 for the day. The company pays a per diem of $40 for incidentals if you spend at least 6 hours out of town. (The per diem would be for one 24-hour period for either flying or driving.) As a manager, you are responsible for recruiting within a budget and want to determine which is more economical. Use the information provided to answer these questions. A. What is the total amount of expenses you would include on your expense report if you drive? B. What is the total amount of expenses you would include on your expense report if you fly? C. What is the relevant cost of driving? D. What is the relevant cost of flying? E. What is the differential cost of flying over driving? F. What other factors should you consider in your decision between driving and flying?Dimitri Designs has capacity to produce 30,000 desk chairs per year and is currently selling all 30,000 for $240 each. Country Enterprises has approached Dimitri to buy 800 chairs for $210 each. Dimitris normal variable cost is $165 per chair, including $50 per unit in direct labor per chair. Dimitri can produce the special order on an overtime shift, which means that direct labor would be paid overtime at 150% of the normal pay rate. The annual fixed costs will be unaffected by the special order and the contract will not disrupt any of Dimitris other operations. What will be the impact on profits of accepting the order?Aspen Enterprises makes award pins for various events. Budget information regarding the current period is: A fraternity with which Aspen has a long relationship approached Aspen with a special order for 6,000 pins at a price of $2.75 per pin. Variable costs will be the same as the current production, and the special order will not impact the rest of the companys orders. However, Aspen is operating at capacity and will incur an additional $5,000 in fixed manufacturing overhead if the order is accepted. Based on this information, what is the differential income (loss) associated with accepting the special order?Country Diner currently makes cookies for its boxed lunches. It uses 40,000 cookies annually in the production of the boxed lunches. The costs to make the cookies are: A potential supplier has offered to sell Country Diner the cookies for $0.85 each. If the cookies are purchased, 10% of the fixed overhead could be avoided. If Jason accepts the offer, what will the effect on profit be?Oat Treats manufactures various types of cereal bars featuring oats. Simmons Cereal Company has approached Oat Treats with a proposal to sell the company its top selling oat cereal bar at a price of $27,500 for 20,000 bars. The costs shown are associated with production of 20,000 oat bars currently. The manufacturing overhead consists of $3,000 of variable costs with the balance being allocated to fixed costs. Should Oat Treats make or buy the oat bars?The Party Zone is trying to decide whether or not to continue its costume segment. The information shown is available for Party Supplys business segments. Assume that neither the Direct fixed costs nor the Allocated common fixed costs may be eliminated, but will be allocated to the two remaining segments. If costumes are dropped, what change will occur to profit?Berettis Food Mart has 6,000 pounds of raw pork nearing its expiration date. Each pound has a cost of $5.50. The pork could be sold as is for $2.50 per pound to the dog food processing plant, or it could be made into custom Italian sausage and sold in the meat department. The cost of the sausage making is $3.00 per pound and each pound could be sold for $7.50. What should be done with the pork and why?Balcom Dairy gathered this data about the two products that it produces: Which of the products should be processed further?Power Corp. makes 2 products: blades for table saws and blades for handsaws. Each product passes through the sharpening machine area, which is the chief constraint during production. Handsaw blades take 15 minutes on the sharpening machine and have a contribution margin per blade of $15. Table saw blades take 20 minutes on the sharpening machine and have a contribution margin per blade of $35. If it is assumed that Power Corp. has 5,000 hours available on the sharpening machine to service a minimum demand for each product of 4,000 units, how much will profits increase if 200 more hours of machine time can be obtained?Power Corp. makes 2 products: blades for table saws and blades for handsaws. Each product passes through the sharpening machine area, which is the chief constraint during production. Handsaw blades take 15 minutes on the sharpening machine and have a contribution margin per blade of $15. Table saw blades take 20 minutes on the sharpening machine and have a contribution margin per blade of $35. If it is assumed that Power Corp. has 5,000 hours available on the sharpening machine to service a minimum demand for each product of 4,000 units, how many of each product should be made?Artisan Metalworks has a bottleneck in their production that occurs within the engraving department. Jamal Moore, the COO, is considering hiring an extra worker, whose salary will be $55,000 per year, to solve the problem. With this extra worker, the company could produce and sell 3,000 more units per year. Currently, the selling price per unit is $25 and the cost per unit is $7.85. Using the information provided, calculate the annual financial impact of hiring the extra worker.Syntech makes digital cameras for drones. Their basic digital camera uses $80 in variable costs and requires $1,500 per month in fixed costs. Syntech sells 100 cameras per month. If they process the camera further to enhance its functionality, it will require an additional $45 per unit of variable costs, plus an increase in fixed costs of $1,000 per month. The current price of the camera is $160. The marketing manager is positive that they can sell more and charge a higher price for the improved version. At what price level would the upgraded camera begin to improve operational earnings?Marcotti Cupcakes bakes and sells a basic cupcake for $1.25. The cost of producing 600,000 cupcakes in the prior year was: At the start of the current year, Marcotti received a special order for 15,000 cupcakes to be sold for $1.10 per cupcake. To complete the order, the company must incur an additional $700 in total fixed costs to lease a special machine that will stamp the cupcakes with the customers logo. This order will not affect any of Marcottis other operations and it has excess capacity to fulfill the contract. Should the company accept the special order? (Show your work.)Ken Owens Construction specializes in small additions and repairs. His normal charge is $400/day plus materials. Due to his physical condition, David, an elderly gentleman, needs a downstairs room converted to a bathroom. Ken has produced a bid for $5000 to complete the bathroom. He did not provide David with the details of the bid. However, they are shown here. The towns social services has asked Ken if he could reduce his bid to $4000. Should Ken accept the counter offer? B. How much would his income be reduced? C. If the towns social services guaranteed him another job next month at his normal price, could he accept this job at $4000?Boston Executive. Inc., produces executive limousines and currently manufactures the mini-bar inset at these costs: The company received an offer from Elite Mini-Bars to produce the insets for $2,100 per Unit and supply 1,000 mini-bars for the coming years estimated production. If the company accepts this offer and shuts down production of this part of the business, production workers and supervisors will be reassigned to other areas. Assume that for the short-term decision-making process demonstrated in this problem, the companys total labor costs (direct labor and supervisor salaries) will remain the same if the bar inserts are purchased. The specialized equipment cannot be used and has no market value. However, the space occupied by the mini bar production can be used by a different production group that will lease it for $55,000 per year. Should the company make or buy the mini-bar insert?Gent Designs requires three units of part A for every unit of Al that it produces. Currently, part A is made by Gent, with these per-unit costs in a month when 4.000 units were produced: Variable manufacturing overhead is applied at $1.00 per unit. The other $0.30 of overhead consists of allocated fixed costs. Gent will need 6,000 units of part A for the next years production. Cory Corporation has offered to supply 6,000 units of part A at a price of $7.00 per unit. It Gent accepts the offer, all of the variable costs and $1,200 of the fixed costs will be avoided. Should Gent Designs accept the offer from Cory Corporation?Trifecta Distributors has decided to discontinue manufacturing its X Plus model. Currently, the company has 4,600 partially completed X Plus models on hand. The government has put a recall on a particular part in the X Plus model, so each base model must now be reworked to accommodate the style of the new part. The company has spent $110 per unit to manufacture these X Plus models to their current state. Reworking each X Plus model will cost $20 for materials and $20 for direct labor. In addition, $7 of variable overhead and $32 of allocated fixed overhead (relating primarily to depreciation of plant and equipment) will be allocated per unit. Il Trifecta completes the X Plus models, it can sell them for $160 per unit. On the other hand, another manufacturer is interested in purchasing the partially completed units for $104 each and converting them into Z Plus models. Prepare a differential analysis per unit to determine if Trifecta should complete the X Plus models or sell them in their current state.Extreme Sports sells logo sports merchandise. The company is contemplating whether or not to continue its custom embroidery service. All of the companys direct fixed costs can be avoided if a segment is dropped. This information is available for the segments. A. What will be the impact on net income if the embroidery segment is dropped? B. Assume that if the embroidery segment is dropped, apparel sales will increase 10%. What is the impact on the contribution margin and net income solely for the apparel? C. Identify one cost that is not relevant in this analysis.Hong Publishing has purchased Lang Publishing. After reviewing titles from both companies, a decision must be made to determine what titles must be dropped. The following information is available to make the decision. A. What Is the total income if all titles were produced? B. If Title X was dropped, what would be the effect on Net Income? C. How much did Title X Contribute to Fixed Costs? D. Determine the cost and the amount that will remain even it Title X is dropped? E. Which costs and amount will be eliminated if Title X is dropped?Clarion Industries produces two joint products, Y and Z. Prior to the split-off point, the company incurred costs of $36,000. Product Y weighs 25 pounds and product Z weighs 75 pounds. Product Y sells for $150 per pound and product Z sells for $125 per pound. Based on a physical measure of output, allocate joint costs to products Y and Z.Quality Clothing, Inc., produces skorts and jumper uniforms for schoolchildren. In the process of cutting out the cloth pieces for each product, a certain amount of scrap cloth is produced. Quality has been selling this cloth scrap to Jorges Scrap Warehouse for $3.25 per pound. Last year, the company sold 40,000 lb. of scrap, which would be enough to make 10,000 teddy bears that the management of Quality is now interested in producing. Their processes would need some reprogramming, particularly in the cutting and stitching processes, but it would require no additional worker training. However, new packaging would be needed. The total variable cost to produce the teddy bears $3.85. Fixed costs would increase by $95,000 per year for the lease of the packaging equipment and Quality estimates it could produce and sell 10,000 teddy bears per year. Finished teddy bears could be sold for $18.00 each. Should Quality continue to sell the scrap cloth or should Quality process the scrap into teddy bears to sell?Ac Gems in the Rough, a jewelry company, the engraving department is a bottleneck. The company is considering hiring an extra worker, whose salary will be $56,000 per year, to ease the problem. Using the extra worker, the company will be able to engrave 8,000 more units per year. The selling price per unit is $16. The cost per unit currently is $11.85 as shown: What is the annual financial impact of hiring the extra worker for the bottleneck process?Sports Specialists makes baseballs and softballs in a three-step process. Unfortunately, the sewing machine process has been identified as a bottleneck. Each softball has a contribution margin of $6.00 and each baseball has a contribution margin of $2.00. The sewing machine can make 10 softballs or 25 baseballs in one hour. A. If demand for both products is unlimited and the sewing machine capacity cannot be expanded, which product should be produced? B. It demand for each ball is limited to 6,000 balls and there are 800 hours available on the machine, how many of each product should be produced?Variety Artisans has a bottleneck in their production that occurs within the engraving department. Arjun Naipul, the COO, is considering hiring an extra worker, whose salary will be $45,000 per year, to solve the problem. With this extra worker, the company could produce and sell 3,500 more units per year. Currently, the selling price per unit is $18 and the cost per unit is $5.85. Using the information provided, calculate the annual financial impact of hiring the extra worker.Mortech makes digital cameras for drones. Their basic digital camera uses $80 in variable costs and requires $1,500 per month in fixed costs. Mortech sells 200 cameras per month. If they process the camera further to enhance its functionality, it will require an additional $45 per unit of variable costs, plus an increase in fixed costs of $1,000 per month. The current price of the camera is $200. The marketing manager is positive that they can sell more and charge a higher price for the improved version. At what price level would the upgraded camera begin to improve operational earnings?Cinnamon Depot bakes and sells cinnamon rolls for $1.75 each. The cost of producing 500,000 rolls in the prior year was: At the start of the current year, Cinnamon Depot received a special order for 18,000 rolls to be sold for $1.50 per roll. The company estimates it will incur an additional $1,000 in total fixed costs in order to lease a special machine that forms the rolls in the shape of a heart per the customers request. This order will not affect any of its other operations. Should the company accept the special order? (Show your work.)Myrna White is a mobile housekeeper. The price for a standard house cleaning is $150 and takes 5 hours. Each worker is paid $25/hour, uses $15 of materials and $0.50 per mile to use their own vehicle to travel from job to job. The average job is 5 miles. Arniz Meyroyan has a family reunion at her house and needs her house freshened up. She offers $75 for this emergency tidy-up service. This service includes vacuuming and cleaning floors, dusting, and cleaning the bathrooms. Only $5 of materials would be used. A. Prepare an Excel spread sheet to determine the differential income if the emergency tidy-up service is priced at $75. The tidy-up service will take 2 hours. B. If a $25 surcharge was included to make the price of $100 how would the differential income change? C. If the hourly worker rate increased to $30/hour, how would net income change? D. What other issue would you need to consider?Blake Cohen Painting Service specializes in small paint jobs. His normal charge is $350/day plus materials. Moesha needs her basement painted. Blake has produced a bid for $1 500 to complete the basement painting. Blake completed a cost estimate for his service as shown. A. Moesha mentions that she cant pay the $1500. She is a widow and you feel an obligation to take care of widows but cant lose money. How much would you charge and still be able to make a profit? B. Moesha has asked you to paint the rest of her house. Could you continue to give her the same deal?Regal Executive, Inc., produces executive motor coaches and currently manufactures the cent awnings that accompany them at these costs: The company received an offer from Saied Tents to produce the awnings for $3,200 per unit and supply 1,000 awnings for the coming years estimated production. If the company accepts this offer and shuts down production of this part of the business, production workers and supervisors will be reassigned to other areas. Assume that for the short-term decision-making process demonstrated in this problem, the companys total labor costs (direct labor and supervisor salaries) will remain the same if the bar inserts are purchased. The specialized equipment cannot be used and has no market value. However, the space occupied by the awning production can be used by a different production group that will lease it for $60,000 per year. Should the company make or buy the awnings?Remarkable Enterprises requires four units of part A for every unit of Al that it produces. Currently, part A is made by Remarkable, with these per-unit costs in a month when 4,000 units were produced: Variable manufacturing overhead is applied at $1.60 per unit. The other $0.50 of overhead consists of allocated fixed costs. Remarkable will need 8,000 units of part A for the next years production. Altoona Corporation has offered to supply 8,000 units of part A at a price of $8.00 per unit. If Remarkable accepts the offer, all of the variable costs and $2,000 of the fixed costs will be avoided. Should Remarkable accept the offer from Altoona Corporation?Colin OShea has a carpentry shop that employs 4 carpenters. Colin received an order for 1,000 coffee tables. The coffee tables have a round table top and four decorative legs. An offer for $500 per table was received. Colin found an unfinished round table top that he could buy for $50 each. A. Using this quantitative cost data to make the table top, should Colin buy the table top or make it? B. What qualitative factors would be included in your decision. B. Can the vendor make it to the same quality standards? Can it be completed on time? Is there idle capacity in the factory that could be used?ZZOOM, Inc., has decided to discontinue manufacturing its Z Best model. Currently, the company has 4,600 partially completed Z Best models on hand. The government has put a recall on a particular part in the Z Best model, so each base model must now be reworked to accommodate the style of the new part. The company has spent $110 per unit to manufacture these Z Best models to their current state. Reworking each Z Best model will cost $22 for materials and $25 for direct labor. In addition, $9 of variable overhead and $34 of allocated fixed overhead (relating primarily to depreciation of plant and equipment) will be allocated per unit. If ZZOOM completes the Z Best models, it can sell them for $180 per unit. On the other hand, another manufacturer is interested in purchasing the partially completed units for $105 each and converting them into Z Plus models. Prepare a differential analysis per unit to determine if ZZOOM should complete the Z Best models or sell them in their current state.Strawberry Sweet Company makes a variety of jams and jellies. During June, 55,000 gallons of strawberry mash was processed at a joint cost of $40,000. This produced 42,000 gallons of preserve-grade mix and 4,000 gallons of Strawberry juice for jelly. The juice could be processed further into energy drinks, and the preserve mix could be processed further into ice cream flavoring. Information on these items is shown: A. Assume that the joint cost is allocated to the products based on the physical quantity of output of each product. How much joint cost should be assigned to each product? B. How much joint cost should be assigned to each product if the relative sales value allocation method is used? C. Which products should be processed further?Laramie Industries produces two joint products, H and C. Prior to the split-off point, the company incurred costs of $66,000. Product H weighs 44 pounds and product C weighs 66 pounds. Product H sells for $250 per pound and product C sells for $295 per pound. Based on a physical measure of output, allocate joint costs to products H and C.Jamboree Outfitters, Inc., produces pocket knives and fillet knives for outdoor sporting. In the process of making the knives, some irregularities occur and no further work is performed on the blades. Jamboree has been selling these irregular blades to scrap dealers for $5.00 per pound. Last year, the company sold 50,000 lbs. of scrap. The company found that Amazon will buy the irregular knives for $12 each provided Jamboree finishes producing the knives into sellable form and also assuming there are enough irregular blades to make 50,000 completed knives. Jamborees processes would not need reprogramming, particularly in the shaping and sharpening processes. However, this would require one additional worker, and new packaging would be needed. The total variable cost to produce the irregulars is $4.85. Fixed costs would increase by $175,000 per year for the lease of the packaging equipment and the new worker. Jamboree estimates it could produce and sell 50,000 knives per year. Should Jamboree continue to sell the scrap blades or should Jamboree process the irregulars to sell to Amazon?Daisy Hernandez sells girls christening dresses through the online store, Etsy. Her customers have asked if she has necklaces that could be included with the dress. Daisy found white glossy ceramic hearts from another Etsy vendor for $20. Daisy has the talent and already has a fully depreciated kiln to make these hearts. A.Using the provided quantitative cost data to make the heart, should Daisy buy from her fellow Etsy vendor or make it herself? B. What qualitative factors would be included in your decision.Dr. Detail is a mobile car wash. The price for a standard wash is $35 and takes half an hour. Each worker is paid $20/hr, uses $5 of materials and $0.50 per mile to use their own vehicle to travel from job to job. The average job is 5 miles. Ernest Kuhns son got sick in the car, and Ernest Kuhn has asked Dr. Detail to detail his car instead of doing a simple wash and vacuum. A. Determine the differential income if $100 was charged to detail the car. Each car detail will take 2 hours. The materials used by the worker is three times that of a standard car wash. B. If the price is raised to $150, what is the differential income change? C. Keeping the price at $150, if the worker rate per hour would increase to $20/hr how would the differential income change? Prepare an Excel spreadsheet. D. What other issues would you need to consider?At Stardust Gems, a faux gem and jewelry company, the setting department is a bottleneck. The company is considering hiring an extra worker, whose salary will be $67,000 per year, to ease the problem. Using the extra worker, the company will be able to produce and sell 9,000 more units per year. The selling price per unit is $20. The cost per unit currently is $15.85 as shown: What is the annual financial impact of hiring the extra worker for the bottleneck process?Sports Butts makes basketballs and footballs in a three-step process. Unfortunately, the stern insertion process has been identified as a bottleneck. Each basketball has a contribution margin of $15.00 and each football has a contribution margin of $4.00. The stem insertion equipment can make 10 basketballs or 30 footballs in one hour. A. If demand for both products is unlimited and the stem insertion machine capacity cannot be expanded, which product should be produced? B. It demand for each ball is limited to 9,000 balls and there are 4,000 hours available on the machine, how many of each product should be produced?Seda Sarkisian makes wedding cakes from her home. A customer has requested two duplicate wedding cakes: one for the wedding and one to be frozen for their anniversary. The couple has offered $400 for both cakes instead of $500 ($250 each). The cost information to make one cake is shown. A. What is the cost for the first cake? B. What cost would not be included in the second cake? C. What is the cost of the second cake? D. What would be the total cost of this order if the offer was accepted? E. How much profit will Seda be recording for this special order? F. If your company policy is to always have a 15% profit on all order, would you still accept this order? G. If you would not accept the order, what price would you negotiate?You are a management accountant for Time Treasures Company, whose company has recently signed an outsourcing agreement with Spotless. Inc., a janitorial service company. Spotless will provide all of Time Treasures janitorial services, including sweeping floors, hauling trash, washing windows, stocking restrooms, and performing minor repairs. Time Treasures will be billed at an hourly rate based on the type of service performed. The work of common laborers (sweeping, hauling trash) is to be billed at $8 per hour. More skilled (repairs) and more dangerous work (washing outside windows on the 23rd floor) are to be billed at $18 per hour. Supervisory time is to be billed at $20 per hour. Spotless will submit monthly invoices, which will show the number and types of hours for which Time Treasures is being charged. The outsourcing contract is simple and straightforward. A. What are some of the internal control problems you foresee as a result of our sourcing the janitorial service with this contract? B. Explain recommendations to control risk that would you suggest after reviewing the contract.Brindis Babysitting Center currently rents a 1200 sq foot facility for her 20-child facility. Her business has gotten five stars on Yelp, which has prompted more applications. She has to make a decision between expanding her operations to an 1,800 sq foot facility or staying in the current facility. Shown is the cost data of the options: What is the differential cost of the two alternatives: A) move to a larger facility or B) stay in current facility?Akimotos Bicycle Co assembles three types of bicycles: Charger, Sublime, Kidde. Due to their residential location they operate with one 8 hour shift, 5 days per week, 50 weeks a year. Balancing the bikes is the bottleneck. The information about production time and costs for these three bicycles are: A. How many of each bicycle should be produced to maximize profits? B. What qualitative factors would you need to consider?Capital investment decisions often involve all of the following except______. A. qualitative factors or considerations B. short periods of time C. large amounts of money D. risk Preference decisions compare potential projects that meet screening decision criteria and will be ranked in their preference order to differentiate between alternatives with respect to all of the following characteristics except______. A. political prominence B. feasibility C. desirability D. importance The third step for making a capital investment decision is to establish baseline criteria for alternatives. Which of the following would not be an acceptable baseline criterion? A. payback method B. accounting rate of return C. internal rate of return D. inventory turnover You are explaining time value of money factors to your friend. Which factor would you explain as being larger? A. The future value of $1 for 12 periods at 6% is larger. B. The present value of $1 for 12 periods at 6% is larger. C. Neither one is larger because they are equal. D. There is not enough information given to answer this question.If you are saving the same amount each month in order to buy a new sports car when the new models are released, which of the following will help you determine the savings needed? A. future value of one dollar ($1) B. present value of one dollar ($1) C. future value of an ordinary annuity D. present value of an ordinary annuity You want to invest $8,000 at an annual Interest rate of 8% that compounds annually for 12 years. Which table will help you determine the value of your account at the end of 12 years? A. future value of one dollar ($1) B. present value of one dollar ($1) C. future value of an ordinary annuity D. present value of an ordinary annuity Using the information provided, what transaction represents the best application of the present value of an annuity due of $1? A. Falcon Products leases an office building for 8 years with annual lease payments of $100,000 to be made at the beginning of each year. B. Compass, Inc., signs a note of $32,000, which requires the company to pay back the principal plus interest in four years. C. Bahwat Company plans to deposit a lump sum of $100.000 for the construction of a solar farm In 4 years. D. NYC Industries leases a car for 4 yearly annual lease payments of $12,000, where payments are made at the end of each year.Grummet Company is acquiring a new wood lathe with a cash purchase price of $80,000. The Wood Master Industries (the manufacturer) has agreed to accept $23,500 at the end of each of the next 4 years. Based on this deal, how much interest will Grummet pay over the life of the loan? A. $94,000 B. $80,000 C. $23,500 D. $14,000

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