The urea cycle rids the body of excess nitrogen by converting it to a form that can be excreted in the urine. Label the steps of the urea cycle shown in the diagram and move the molecules to their positions. These enzyme abbreviations are used: ornithine transcarbamoylase, OTC; and argininosuccinate synthetase, ASS. ornithine Coo H₂N-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 NH₂ Arginase hydrolyzes a carbon-nitrogen bond to yield urca and ornithine. Argininosuccinase splits fumarate from argininosuccinate. COO H₂N-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 NH H₂N-C=NH₂ arginine OTC transfers a carbamoyl group to citrulline Coo ornithine. H₂N-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 H -NH₂ NH ooc-CH2-C-Coo H₂N-C=0 NH₂ aspartate ASS adds aspartate ATP to citrulline. AMP + PP H₂N- -NH2 Coo H₂N-C-H Answer Bank CH2 CH2 →8-=- coo CH2 CH2 ΝΗ Coo fumarate H-C-NH-C NH Coo argininosuccinate

The urea cycle rids the body of excess nitrogen by converting it to a form that can be excreted in the urine. Label the steps of the urea cycle shown in the diagram and move the molecules to their positions. These enzyme abbreviations are used: ornithine transcarbamoylase, OTC; and argininosuccinate synthetase, ASS. ornithine Coo H₂N-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 NH₂ Arginase hydrolyzes a carbon-nitrogen bond to yield urca and ornithine. Argininosuccinase splits fumarate from argininosuccinate. COO H₂N-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 NH H₂N-C=NH₂ arginine OTC transfers a carbamoyl group to citrulline Coo ornithine. H₂N-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 H -NH₂ NH ooc-CH2-C-Coo H₂N-C=0 NH₂ aspartate ASS adds aspartate ATP to citrulline. AMP + PP H₂N- -NH2 Coo H₂N-C-H Answer Bank CH2 CH2 →8-=- coo CH2 CH2 ΝΗ Coo fumarate H-C-NH-C NH Coo argininosuccinate

Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305143531

Author:CURREN

Publisher:CURREN

Chapter10: Reconstitution Of Powdered Drugs

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 44SST

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Using the model above, illustrate the urea cycle.
The urea cycle requires all of the following components except one of them: aspartate, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I, ATP, citrulline/ornithine transporter and isocitrate. Identify the component. Explain the sequence of urea cycle using the required components and enzymes essential for each step of the cycle.
The urea cycle can be summarized through the following reaction: O || H₂N-C-OPO3= COO- | H3N-CHCH₂COO- O || H₂N-C-NH2 + -OOCCH = CHCOO- 1. Write the reactions, using structural formulas that lead to the formation of carbamoyl phosphate and its subsequent incorporation into the urea cycle. Name the enzymes and how they are activated.
Order the following events as they occur in the matrix: 1 2 4 5 1 Flux through the urea cycle will increase Glutamate levels are high N-acetylglutamate will be high Urea production will increase CPS I will be activated
+ edu.au/courses/26618/quizzes/67364/take The image below shows the urea cycle. Based on the information in the image, which of the following is the most effective way of reducing the production of urea? CNH, Fumarate Arginine H₂O Arginase NH3+ C=N Arginino- succinate AMP + PP₁ NH₂ Arginino- succinase UREA CYCLE Urea ATP Argininosuccinate synthetase Ornithine H₂N H₂N 2 Citrulline Rate- limiting Ornithine 1. Carbamoyl phosphate synthase 1 N-acetyl glutamate H+ADP P₁ NH3 HCO3 ATP Carbamoyl Phosph. NH₂C-PO4 Ornithine 2. Citrulline formation P Citrulline C-NH₂ transcarbamoylase Aspartate NH₂ CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX https://canvas.uts.edu.au/assessment questions/356957/files/1562677/download? verifier=gRMPoy7VCgDrvn6QNfkZxDSsbLUwP1gRxFB3dLPj
The urea cycle can be summarized through the following reaction: O || H2N-C-OPO3 + COO- | H3N-CHCH₂COO b. O || H2N-C-NH2 1a Write the reactions, using structural formulas that lead to the formation of carbamoyl phosphate and its subsequent incorporation into the urea cycle. Name the enzymes and how they are activated. 1 + OOCCH=CHCOO- Write the rest of the reactions that constitute the urea cycle using structural formulas. Name the enzymes that catalyze each reaction. Indicate which reactions occur in the mitochondrion and which occur in the cytoplasm.
Discuss the toxic effects of the ammonium ion and excess bicarbonate ion. What is the effect of high concentrations of NH4+ in the bloodstream? What are the two reasons NH4+ is so toxic to the brain? Why can the urea cycle also be considered as a bicarbonate ion disposal mechanism? Why is that important?
If aspartate is labeled with deuterium D (= H-2 = 12H), answer questions a-c to determine where the label will end up in oxaloacetate after the involvement of aspartate in the urea cycle.
What enzyme catalyzes the committed reaction of the urea cycle? carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II carbamoyl phosphate dehydrogenase I carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I carboxyphosphate synthetase II carboxyphosphate synthetase I
hyperammonemia in patients is compounded by the reality of the normal regulatory controls in the urea cycle. Explain how increased GDH oxidative deamination activity will inhibit the urea cycle.
The urea cycle occurs partially in the cytoplasm andpartially in the mitochondria. Discuss the urea cyclereactions with reference to their cellular locations.
a) What is the role of the lysosome in degrading proteins? What are the enzymes that degrade/hydrolyze proteins? How does the further degradation of amino acids occur?b) Explain the urea cycle and summarize the steps of the urea cycle starting from carbamoyl phosphate.