In a phase I oxidation reaction, a drug is made more polar by the addition of oxygen, generating a functional group. But since a hydrogen may or may not be removed, I'm having trouble understanding what is happening with the electrons and polarity of the parent drug. For example, reduction is supposed to add electrons, resulting in a negative polarity, while oxidation is supposed to remove electrons, resulting in a positive polarity. And Oxidation and reduction always happen together. I'm assuming other elements, such as molecular oxygen and a reducing agent play a role. Could you intuitively explain what is happening? Say if we had cytochrome P450 as the enzyme, NADPH, and anything else required?
Enzyme kinetics
In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.
Regulation of Enzymes
A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.
In a phase I oxidation reaction, a drug is made more polar by the addition of oxygen, generating a
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