Can a reduction reaction during phase I metabolism of a drug happen without the addition of a hydrogen atom? How is the drug molecgaining electrons?
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Can a reduction reaction during phase I metabolism of a drug happen without the addition of a hydrogen atom? How is the drug molecgaining electrons?
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- Propose a reasonable synthetic route for the preparation of the substituted benzene derivative shown below. You may use whatever reagents are necessary to transform the starting molecule into the desired product. CH(CH3)2 step 1 step 2 step 3 čOH Step 1 reagent/reagents %3D Step 2 reagent/reagents %3D Step 3 reagent/reagentsA drug P gives a metabolite M1. What are the possible structures of P and M1 if a delta mass between the molecular ion of the parent molecule and the metabolite is +14 amu(a) Fill in the blank regarding the mechanism of chymotrypsin below. (1) Polypeptide substrate binds non covalently in the enzyme active site. The catalytic Triad includes a reactive Nucleophile that attacks the electrophilic amide C atom. (2) The resulting tetrahedral - Is stabilized by H-bonding interactions with the hole.(Note: this is the same word repeated) (3) Collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate and H * Transfer from- Lead to the Cleavage of the C-N bond. The N-terminal peptide is bound through acyl linkage to serine. (4) A Molecule then binds to the active site and attacks the acyl ester car- bonyl. (5) The resulting tetrahedral Tions with the Same word repeated). (6) The second peptide fragment is released, and the enzyme returns to its initial state. Intermediate is stabilized via enthalpic interac- hole. (Note: this is the same answer as (2), and is again the (b) Trypsin and chymotrypsin are two closely related proteases; however, trypsin cleaves after positively charged…
- A biochemical reaction transfers 60 kJ mol-1(15 kcal mol-1) of energy. What general process most likely wouldbe involved in this transfer? What cofactor (or cosubstrate) likelywould be used? Which cofactor probably would not be used?There are parts A-C for this picture included. A) What type of enzyme is Malate Dehydrogenase? choices: Hydrolase, Isomerase, Ligase, Oxideoreductase, Transferase, or Translocase B) Which of the following statements are true in biochemical standard conditions? There can be more than 1. Choices: The reaction is spontaneous since ∆G°' is positive The reaction is spontaneous since ∆G°' is negative The reaction is not spontaneous since ∆G°' is positive The reaction is not spontaneous since ∆G°' is positive The equilibrium favors products since K is greater than 1 The equilibrium favors reactants since K is greater than 1 The equilibrium favors products since K is less than 1 The equilibrium favors reactants since K is less than 1 The reaction is always at equilibrium C) If the concentration of Oxaloacetate is 10^7 times lower than the concentration of Malate D.,Is the reaction Spontanuous? Choices: No, because RTInQ is very positive Yes, because RTlnQ is very…3
- An inhibitor that specifically labels chymotrypsin at histidine 57 is Ntosylamido-l-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone. How would you modify the structure of this inhibitor to label the active site of trypsin?Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following reaction. The fourmemberedring in the starting material and product is called a β-lactam.This functional group confers biological activity on penicillin and many related antibiotics. (Hint: The mechanism begins with β elimination and involves only two steps.)Predict the major product of each of the following reactions or series of reactions. In cases involving an ortho/para-directing substituent where two products would be obtained, draw the product resulting from para-substitution only..
- Drug D reversibly binds to enzyme E and inhibits its activity toward substrate S. D binds equally well whether or not S is bound. Sketch a graph of the expected 1/v vs. 1/[S] relationship for: A) The enzyme reacting with S in the absence of drug D, B) The enzyme reacting with S in the presence of a small amount of drug D, and C) The enzyme reacting with S in the presence of a large amount of drug D.Looking at the structure of RDV-TP, what changes in the structure of the molecule does the active form of Remdesivir have that the naturally occurring ATP does not have. a) Amine group, NH2, on position 6 of purineWhich option is true about Chymotrypsin mechanism of action? Must select all true options. No part marks. A) General acid catalysis followed by general base catalysis in the 2nd transition state B) General acid catalysis followed by general base catalysis in the 1st transition state C) General base catalysis followed by general acid catalysis 1st transition state D) General base catalysis followed by general acid catalysis in the 2nd transition state