During phase I metabolism of a drug, how would the addition of a hydrogen or removal of an oxygen atom to the drug result in the drug gaining electrons?
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During phase I metabolism of a drug, how would the addition of a hydrogen or removal of an oxygen atom to the drug result in the drug gaining electrons?
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- Drug D reversibly binds to enzyme E and inhibits its activity toward substrate S. D binds equally well whether or not S is bound. Sketch a graph of the expected 1/v vs. 1/[S] relationship for: A) The enzyme reacting with S in the absence of drug D, B) The enzyme reacting with S in the presence of a small amount of drug D, and C) The enzyme reacting with S in the presence of a large amount of drug D.does an increase in cholesterol concentration increase encapsulation efficiency of a drug?2
- Enzymes work by... OA) Altering the equilibrium position of a reaction B) Altering the DG value for a reaction C) Increasing the activation energy for a reaction D) Preventing degradation of the product E) Promoting the formation of the transition stateA member of the staff at the care home inquires about paracetamol with the pharmacist. This employee requested to purchase 4 boxes of paracetamol (each having 16 pills), but the grocer refused. What is the reason behind this? Please provide a biochemical explanation. please make the answer longGiven the active site diagram below, indicate the mechanism(s) of catalysis. 5 HO OH HN OH ΝΗ *HN ΝΗ Zn²+ Acid-base, Metal ion 3 Metal ion, By Approximation Metal ion Acid-Base, By Approximation Acid-base
- In a Lineweaver-Burk graph, the lines representing the uninhibited and inhibited enzyme catalyzed reaction meet each other on the x-axis. The type of inhibition which is occurring is: a) competitive b) noncompetitive c) uncompetitive d) allosteric CO2 exerts direct activity upon hemoglobin by: a) blocking oxygen from binding to the heme group b) displacing BPG from the central cavity c) oxidizing Fe+2 to Fe+3 which does not bind oxygen d) forming an N-terminal carbamate which favors the T-state The dominant motif found in hemoglobin and myoglobin is: a) helix-turn-helix b) twisted beta sheet c) beta barrel d) random coil Which of these is an ketohexose? a) fructose b) glucose c) ribose d) erythrose Which of these is a constitutional isomer of d-glucose? a) fructose b) galactose c) l-glucose d) ribose Which of these is an enantiomer of d-glucose? a) d-fructose b) d- galactose c) l-glucose d) d-ribose Which of these is a diastereomer of…1.8(a) Fill in the blank regarding the mechanism of chymotrypsin below. (1) Polypeptide substrate binds non covalently in the enzyme active site. The catalytic Triad includes a reactive Nucleophile that attacks the electrophilic amide C atom. (2) The resulting tetrahedral - Is stabilized by H-bonding interactions with the hole.(Note: this is the same word repeated) (3) Collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate and H * Transfer from- Lead to the Cleavage of the C-N bond. The N-terminal peptide is bound through acyl linkage to serine. (4) A Molecule then binds to the active site and attacks the acyl ester car- bonyl. (5) The resulting tetrahedral Tions with the Same word repeated). (6) The second peptide fragment is released, and the enzyme returns to its initial state. Intermediate is stabilized via enthalpic interac- hole. (Note: this is the same answer as (2), and is again the (b) Trypsin and chymotrypsin are two closely related proteases; however, trypsin cleaves after positively charged…
- Which of the following is true under the following conditions: an enzyme displaying Michaelis-Menten kinetics where the enzyme concentration is 10 nM, the substrate concentration is 45 mM, and the Km is 50 µM? a) The enzyme has low catalytic efficiency for the substrate. b)The rate of catalysis is near half-maximal velocity. c)The enzymatic reaction is near maximal velocity. d)Halving the substrate concentration has little effect on the catalytic rate. e) There is not enough information provided.B: For each of the following reaction types, find a step in a pathway that is an example of the reaction and for each i) Identify the pathway that you have found your example from ii) Write the reaction, showing all components [i.e., energy requirements, if any]. 1) isomerization 2) oxidative decarboxylation 3) phosphoryl group transfer 4) hydration 5) oxidation of a ketoneMevalonate is a component of which biochemical pathway?