The origin of genes that have new functions often involves the divergence of geneduplicates. Duplicates can arise via severalmechanisms.a. One mechanism of gene duplication is retrotransposition, the insertion into the genomeof DNA produced by reverse transcription ofa messenger RNA. These gene duplicates areoften dead on arrival: they are pseudogenesas soon as they are formed. Why are suchduplicates so often dead on arrival?b. A second mechanism of gene duplicationoccurs via unequal crossing over duringmeiosis. Gene duplicates formed this way arefunctional more often than when they arise byreverse transcription. Why is that?c. If a gene duplicate is initially functional, whatare its possible ultimate fates? Which is mostlikely, and why?
The origin of genes that have new functions often involves the divergence of gene
duplicates. Duplicates can arise via several
mechanisms.
a. One mechanism of gene duplication is retrotransposition, the insertion into the genome
of DNA produced by reverse transcription of
a messenger RNA. These gene duplicates are
often dead on arrival: they are pseudogenes
as soon as they are formed. Why are such
duplicates so often dead on arrival?
b. A second mechanism of gene duplication
occurs via unequal crossing over during
meiosis. Gene duplicates formed this way are
functional more often than when they arise by
reverse transcription. Why is that?
c. If a gene duplicate is initially functional, what
are its possible ultimate fates? Which is most
likely, and why?
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