The following fictitious double-stranded bacterial DNA sequence codes for a fictitious prot Both strands are shown; the top strand reads 5' to 3' left to right, while the bottom strand re 5' to 3' right to left. Transcription begins with and includes the red underlined A/T (top strand/bottom strand) base pair. This is a bacterial sequence, so there are no introns. 5'GTGTCCGTATGATATTGTGAGATGTTATATCCCGCCGTCAACACCATAAAACAGGATAATCGCCTGCTGGGGCAAAGGCGGTGAAGGTAAAGGTGTTGCC 3' CACAGGCATACTATAACACTCTACAATATAGGGCGGCAGTTGTGGTATTTTGTCCTATTAGCGGACGACCCCGTTTCCGCCACTTCCATTTCCACAACGG 3' 5'
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
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Introduction
DNA, a molecule found in all living things, is the carrier of genetic information. It is a long, double-stranded helix made up of nucleotides, which are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous bases in DNA include adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. The sequence of these bases in the DNA molecule determines the genetic code, which provides instructions for the development, growth, and function of all living things. DNA replication is the process by which DNA is duplicated before cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material. DNA also serves as a template for RNA synthesis during transcription, which in turn directs the synthesis of proteins during translation. DNA plays a fundamental role in the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next.
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