The following chromatogram shows the separation of several alcohols. The elution order of these compounds was as follows: dodecanol (least polar), undecanol, nonanol, octanol, heptanol, hexanol, pentanol (most polar). Response о 50 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Time (3) What type of liquid chromatography was used for this separation? O CE ○ NPLC O RPLC GC
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- anch of the following components cannot be detected by gas chromatography? 4 Essential oils Alcohols b) Volatile compounds d) Non-volatile compounds 13- is measured as time elapsed from the point of injection to the peak maximum? a)-Column efficiency d)- Delectability c)-Retention time 14- Which of the following can be used to detect the components in gas chromatography a) non-volatile compounds b) volatile compounds c) Salts d) b&c 15-Which of the following methods is often referred to as mechanical separation processes. a)-Gas Chromatography b)-column chromatography c)- Sedimentation 16- For obtaining better resolution in TLC. and then developed with a second solvent at right angles to the first a) Stepwise b) Descending e) Ascending 17- This is defined as transport of electrically charged particles in a direct-current electric field a) ion exchange chromatography b) Electrophoresis c) ultracentrifuge d) exclusion 18-This figure indicates to schematic Diagram of a) Gas chromatography…two chromatograms after LC separation. Which chromatogram is better to proceed for MS analysis? What mobile phase condition/composition (LC separation) was used?4
- A certain mixture contains the following compounds: propionic acid, 2-hexanol, isoamyl acetate, and 3,4-dimethylheptane. Rank the compounds in the order of decreasing rate of elution using normal phase liquid chromatography. Explain your answerQUESTION 5 In a chromatographic separation using a polar stationary phase and a mobile phase composed of 60% hexane and 40% ethyl acetate, two compounds, benzene (peak A) and toluene (peak B), are eluted. The width of peak A at its base is 1.2 min, the width of peak B at its base is 1.3 min, and the retention time of peak A is 5.2 min and peak B is 3.5 min. What is the resolution (Rs) between these two peaks and is it acceptable? R = 1.36. It is not an acceptable resolution. R = 0.74. It is an acceptable resolution. R = 1.36. It is an acceptable resolution. R = 0.74. It is not an acceptable resolution.A student developed a new dye called Dye C. It was analyzed against other dyes using paper chromatography. A solution of 1:1 ethyl acetate:hexane was used as the eluent. The resulting chromatogram is shown below. What other dye/s are present in dye C? Which dye contains the least number of pigments?
- ▪ In a blood alcohol analysis by GC-FID, methanol elutes at 1 min, ethanol at 2 min, IPA at 3 min, and IS at 4 min. In the patient sample, the analyte elutes t 2 min and the IS at 8 min. What is the relative retention time and the analyte in the patient? A) methanol B) Ethanol chu C) IPA1a) Hexane, CH3(CH2)4CH3, is found to have a long retention time when separated from a mixture. A column with a C18 (18-carbon chain) stationary phase and a methanol-water modal phase is used for the separation. Explain why hexane has a long retention time. 1b)You wish to chromatographically seperate a mixtureof the follwing compunds. Which of the two compounds will be most difficult to seperatate from one another? Why?Consider the peaks for heptane (14.56 min) and p-difluorobenzene (14.77 min) in the chromatogram. The column is 30.0 m long. (a) Measure w1/2 for each peak and calculate the number of plates and the plate height for each. (b) From w1/2, compute w for each peak and find the resolution between the two peaks.
- A3Based on the given chromatograph, answer the following questions:1) Which of the diet sodas have the highest concentration of caffeine? Which standard best reflects this concentration?2) Which of the diet sodas have the lowest concentration of aspartame? Which standard best reflects this concentration?3) What is the approximate retention time of benzoate?A young researcher set out to develop a method for quantifying the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content in a contaminated soil sample using open tubular gas chromatography. During the initial stages of method development, the researcher was unable to separate the early eluting compounds, anthracene and naphthalene, with baseline resolution. Select the possible modifications the researcher could make to improve the resolution. use a column with a smaller inner diameter decrease the column length increase the stationary phase thickness increase the temperature choose a different stationary phase