The distribution of Na* ions across a typical biological membrane is 10 mmol/dm³ nside the cell, and 140 mmol/dm³ outside the cell. At equilibrium, the concentrations across the membrane are equal. What is the Gibbs energy difference across the membrane at 37°C? The stated difference in concentration MUST be maintained by coupling to reactions that have at least your calculated difference of Gibbs energy. Ans: 6.8 kJ/mol
Q: The enzyme urease is widely used for determining urea concentration in blood. The Michaelis constant…
A: Given Values: Km=2 mMk2=2.8×104 s-1V=3.49 M/secET=0.34 mM = 0.34×10-3 M
Q: Ionic interactions are weaker in water than they are in an anhydrous medium. Describe how water…
A: Ionic interaction: It is basically the attraction and bonding of two charged molecules, this is…
Q: Please note the following reaction: A → B In the reaction above, the AG is +42.11 kJ/mol. The…
A: An EXOTHERMIC thermochemical reaction equation is written as Reactants ------> products + HeatOr…
Q: When 2.43 g of a nonelectrolyte solute is dissolved in water to make 435 mL of solution at 25 °C,…
A: The compounds which will not ionize in any solution are called nonelectrolytes. The electricity will…
Q: Given the equation below, determine which statement is incorrect. 4C(s) + 6H2(g) + O2(g) →…
A: Let's analyze each statement to determine which one is incorrect:A) The result of multiplying the…
Q: The equilibrium constant for the reaction Q → R is 25. Solve, (a) If 50 μM of Q is mixed with 50 μM…
A: The constant of equilibrium, K, represents the relationship between products and reactants of the…
Q: Calculate the theoretical pH of a Tris buffer (pH 8.0) at 0 ºC. Assume that room temperature is 22…
A: pH = pka + log(c_base/c_acid) at 25°: pH = -log(1.76*10^-5) + log(0.117/0.213)
Q: 200 microliters of a standard solution of 0.200 mg/mL caffeine was mixed with 4.8 mL of 50 mM sodium…
A: Equation of dilution: M1 × V1 = M2 × V2where:M1 is the molar concentration of the stock solution.M2…
Q: föllowing would dispersion forces be the most important factor in determining physical properties in…
A: The London dispersion forces are defined as the weakest existing intermolecular forces. It is a…
Q: Carbonic acid, H₂CO₃, undergoes the following acid base equilibria: H₂CO₃,⇌H⁺(aq) + HCO₃⁻(aq) ⇌…
A: The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism involving the balance of…
Q: Can I use 0.225%KCl to replace 0.450%NaCl with a patient that has a high Na level. What makes it…
A: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a naturally occurring salt. It is also known as table salt, obtained from…
Q: 1M = 1 mole/L. To determine how many grams of a substance is equal to one mole the molecular mass is…
A: C₁ = the original concentration of stock solution V1= the volume of stock solution needed to make…
Q: Benzene, C6H6 is an aromatic hydrocarbon that exists as a liquid at 298 K and 1 bar. The solubility…
A: As with standard heats of formation, the standard free energy of a substance represents the free…
Q: At what pressure in atm does ethane (C₂H₆) have a density of 37.2 g/L at 75.0 °C?
A: The pressure of the ethane gas can be calculated by the ideal gas equation. PV = nRT Number of moles…
Q: Consider the following equilibrium at 298 K. R = 8.314 J/K-mol Citrate Isocitrate Using the…
A: Gibb's free energy is the energy available to carry out a reaction. A reaction can occur…
Q: For the reversible, liquid-phase reaction A ↔ B, determine the adiabatic equilibrium temperature and…
A:
Q: The reaction quotient is Q=1.6×10-26 Part B What pH is needed to produce this value of Q if the…
A: The reaction quotient tests the relative quantities of compounds and reactants present at a certain…
Q: Using your stock solution of 2 M glucose, you need to prepare the following series of glucose…
A: Stock solution are the solutions of the concentrated solutions which are diluted in order to save…
Q: The protein calcineurin binds to the protein calmodulin with an association rate of 8.9 × 103 M−1 s…
A: The dissociation constant is a kind of equilibrium constant which measures the property of a large…
Q: A 2.0% (by mass) aqueous solution of novocainium chloride (C13 H21 CIN2O2) freezes at -0.235 °C. a…
A:
Q: The ΔG°′ value for glucose-1-phosphate is -20.9 kJ/mol. If glucose and phosphate are both at 4.8 mM,…
A: Given values: ∆G° = -29.9 kJ/mol [Glucose] = 4.8 mM [phosphate] = 4.8 mM [Glucose-1-phosphate] = ?…
Q: Consider the following reaction at 25°C with the ΔG°’ = +1800 J/mol for the forward reaction. The…
A: Given Values: ∆G° = 1800 J/mol[A] = 16 mM[B] = 13 mMR = 8.315 J/mol-KT = 25+273 = 298 K
Q: None
A: Explanation :Step 1: Understanding the ProblemWe need to determine the solubility of zinc hydroxide,…
Q: Using the following plot, calculate the change in entropy (J/mol K). 2.000 In(K,) vs 1/T(K) 1.500…
A: In the field of chemical kinetics, Arrhenius plot gives the log of a reaction rate constant ln (k),…
Q: Calculate the molarity (M) of a 65% (w/v) copper sulfate solution (m.w. = 160.0 g/mol).
A: The molarity of a solution is defined as moles of solute in per litre of solution. To calculate…
Q: Calculate the pH of a solution if [H3O+] = 3.4 x 10-2M Indicate whether the solution is acidic,…
A: To calculate the pH of the solution The concentration of hydronium ion given as 3.2×10-2M.
Q: In a 0.1000 M acetic acid solution at 25 degrees celsius , the acid ionizes to the extent of about…
A: Acetic acid is an organic solution with a chemical formula CH₃COOH that has no color. It is a…
Q: Use Beer Lamberts law to calculate the concentration of oxidised DCPIP A= 600 L = 1cm K = 11800 M^-1
A: The amount of light absorbed is related to the concentration of the substance absorbing it according…
Q: Calculate AG for the below balanced redox reaction as written. You may find a list of standard…
A: I2 + 2e- gives 2I-1 Standard potential is 0.54 V(E° cathode) Al gives Al3+ + 3e- Standard potential…
Q: If experimental determinations of Kp at different temperatures for a given equilibrium in the…
A: Kp is the equilibrium constant calculated from partial pressures of reaction equation. It is a…
Q: The reaction CO (g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) 2 + H2(g) has ΔH = -41 kJ/mol. Does the amount of H2 in an…
A: The key to understanding the direction of any equilibrium is to understand Gibb’s free energy.…
Q: A certain first order reaction has the rate law Rate = k[A] with k=0.0068 sec-1. If the initial…
A: To find the concentration of A after 1 minute the rate law of first order reaction Rate = k[A]…
Q: What is the change in entropy when 150 mL of cold (278 K) water is added to 150 mL of near-boiling…
A: According to thermodynamics, entropy is the amount of unavailable energy in a system. It is denoted…
Q: osmotic pressure
A:
Q: A solution is made by dissolving 0.641 mol of nonelectrolyte solute in 763 g of benzene. Calculate…
A: Nonelectrolyte solute = 0.641 mol Benzene =763 g
Q: Mixtures of amino acids can be analyzed by first separating the mixture into its components through…
A: Amino acids that take part in protein synthesis are of twenty different types. These twenty amino…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Consider the following equilibrium at 298 K. R = 8.314 J/K-mol Citrate Isocitrate Using the equilibrium concentrations of [Citrate] = 2.15 M and [Isocitrate] = 0.00825 M, calculate K'g, then AG°. Which one of the following is the correct value for AG in units of kJ/mol? 5990 kJ/mol -2480 kJ/mol 2.48 kJ/mol 13.8 kJ/mol 5.99 kJ/mol -2.48 kJ/mol -5990 kJ/mol -9.99 kJ/mol -13800 kJ/mol 13800 kJ/mol -5.99 kJ/mol 9.99 kJ/mol 2480 kJ/mol 9990 kJ/mol -13.8 kJ/mol -9990 kJ/mol O O O O O O O O O O0000 O OCalculate the molality and boiling point of an antifreeze solution that is 50.0% by mass of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) in water. (Kb for water =0.512 C/m) (Enter answers without units) molality: boiling point: 108.2A monoprotic weak acid, HA, dissociates in water according to the reaction HA(aq) = H+ (aq) + A¯(aq) The equilibrium concentrations of the reactants and products are [HA] = 0.220 M, [H+] = 3.00 × 10−4 M, and [A¯] = 3.00 × 10−4 M. Calculate the value of pKa for the acid HA. pKa =
- suppose the same experiment was done using the mixture of tube 2 of this experiment( as described in problem 1) in which Fe(SCN)2+ is assumed to form rather than FeSCN2+. That is, assume that equilibrium reaction 5 is the equilibrium that is occurring. Using the spectronic 20 the molarity of Fe(scn)2+ was found to be 0.265 x 10^04M. Write the chemical equilibrium equation ad the mathematical form of the equilibrium expression. calculate the initial molarity of Fe, HSCN, Fe(SCN)2+ and H. Calculate final molarity of Fe3+, HSCN, Fe(SCN)2+ and H+. What is the value of the equilibrium constant?Benzene, C6H6, is an aromatic hydrocarbon that exists as a liquid at 298 K and 1 bar. The solubility of benzene in water, defined as the concentration of the saturated solution, is 2.23×10¬3 M at 298 K and 1 bar, and its standard Gibbs free energy of formation is AfG° (C6H6, ) = 124.3 kJ/mol. a. Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change for the process of dissolution of benzene in water a. Find the chemical potential of the benzene solute standard state AFG° (C6H6, aq).When 2.43 g of a nonelectrolyte solute is dissolved in water to make 435 mL of solution at 25 °C, the solution exerts an osmotic pressure of 895 torr. What is the molar concentration of the solution? concentration: 0.045 M Incorrect How many moles of solute are in the solution? moles of solute: 0.034 mol Incorrect What is the molar mass of the solute? molar mass: 69.12 g/mol Incorrect
- Consider a suspension of particles (isoelectric point is at pH 6) in water at pH 2 and a NaCl concentration of 0.001 M. Describe how the strength of repulsion varies with the following changes, assuming all other conditions remain constant. Give a description (more than just increase or decrease) in terms of the effect on the double layer thickness and the zeta potential. (a) Change from 0.001 M NaCl to 0.1 M NaCl, (b) Change from pH = 2 to pH = 5.If the osmotic pressure of a 7.96×10-2-M aqueous solution of Fe2(SO4)3 was found to be 8.71 atm at 20°C, what would be the "observed" van't Hoff factor? Use the above van't Hoff factor to predict the freezing point of this solution.Note that the corresponding molality would be 8.25×10-2 m, given that the density of the solution is 0.997 g/cm3. °C Use the above van't Hoff factor to predict by how many degrees the boiling point of this solution will be elevated above that for pure water.What is the change in entropy when 150 mL of cold (278 K) water is added to 150 mL of near-boiling (368 K) water? Ignore any potential heat loss to the surroundings; only consider the water. For water, Cp = 75.3 J K-1 mol-1.
- Consider the following reaction:ATP → AMP + 2 PiCalculate the equilibrium constant (Keq) given the following ΔG°′ values:ATP → AMP + PPi (−32.2 kJ/mol)PPi → 2Pi (−33.5 kJ/mol)Calculate the boiling point of a solution containing 12g glucose C6H12O6 dissolved in 200g of water H2O. (0.512°C - K of H-0) Answer: 100.17100Considering the values in the following table, what relationship can be observed between the amount of sucrose and the water potential? What would you expect to happen if the amount of sucrose continues to increase? saccharose (M) solution (MPa) 0 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.6 0 -0.2478 -0.3717 -0.4956 -0.6195 -0.7434 -0.8673 -0.9912 -1.1151 -1.239 -1.4868 test mass differential 1 (g) 0.0333 0.0201 0.0143 0.0126 -0.0127 -0.0432 -0.0756 -0.0951 -0.0985 -0.1278 -0.1535 test mass differential 2 (g) 0.05555 0.0355 0.0275 0.015 0.002 -0.0295 -0.0755 -0.093 -0.124 -0.148 -0.1765