The distribution of Na* ions across a typical biological membrane is 10 mmol/dm³ nside the cell, and 140 mmol/dm³ outside the cell. At equilibrium, the concentrations across the membrane are equal. What is the Gibbs energy difference across the membrane at 37°C? The stated difference in concentration MUST be maintained by coupling to reactions that have at least your calculated difference of Gibbs energy. Ans: 6.8 kJ/mol
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- Consider the following equilibrium at 298 K. R = 8.314 J/K-mol Citrate Isocitrate Using the equilibrium concentrations of [Citrate] = 2.15 M and [Isocitrate] = 0.00825 M, calculate K'g, then AG°. Which one of the following is the correct value for AG in units of kJ/mol? 5990 kJ/mol -2480 kJ/mol 2.48 kJ/mol 13.8 kJ/mol 5.99 kJ/mol -2.48 kJ/mol -5990 kJ/mol -9.99 kJ/mol -13800 kJ/mol 13800 kJ/mol -5.99 kJ/mol 9.99 kJ/mol 2480 kJ/mol 9990 kJ/mol -13.8 kJ/mol -9990 kJ/mol O O O O O O O O O O0000 O OCalculate the molality and boiling point of an antifreeze solution that is 50.0% by mass of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) in water. (Kb for water =0.512 C/m) (Enter answers without units) molality: boiling point: 108.2A monoprotic weak acid, HA, dissociates in water according to the reaction HA(aq) = H+ (aq) + A¯(aq) The equilibrium concentrations of the reactants and products are [HA] = 0.220 M, [H+] = 3.00 × 10−4 M, and [A¯] = 3.00 × 10−4 M. Calculate the value of pKa for the acid HA. pKa =
- suppose the same experiment was done using the mixture of tube 2 of this experiment( as described in problem 1) in which Fe(SCN)2+ is assumed to form rather than FeSCN2+. That is, assume that equilibrium reaction 5 is the equilibrium that is occurring. Using the spectronic 20 the molarity of Fe(scn)2+ was found to be 0.265 x 10^04M. Write the chemical equilibrium equation ad the mathematical form of the equilibrium expression. calculate the initial molarity of Fe, HSCN, Fe(SCN)2+ and H. Calculate final molarity of Fe3+, HSCN, Fe(SCN)2+ and H+. What is the value of the equilibrium constant?When 2.43 g of a nonelectrolyte solute is dissolved in water to make 435 mL of solution at 25 °C, the solution exerts an osmotic pressure of 895 torr. What is the molar concentration of the solution? concentration: 0.045 M Incorrect How many moles of solute are in the solution? moles of solute: 0.034 mol Incorrect What is the molar mass of the solute? molar mass: 69.12 g/mol IncorrectIf the osmotic pressure of a 7.96×10-2-M aqueous solution of Fe2(SO4)3 was found to be 8.71 atm at 20°C, what would be the "observed" van't Hoff factor? Use the above van't Hoff factor to predict the freezing point of this solution.Note that the corresponding molality would be 8.25×10-2 m, given that the density of the solution is 0.997 g/cm3. °C Use the above van't Hoff factor to predict by how many degrees the boiling point of this solution will be elevated above that for pure water.
- What is the change in entropy when 150 mL of cold (278 K) water is added to 150 mL of near-boiling (368 K) water? Ignore any potential heat loss to the surroundings; only consider the water. For water, Cp = 75.3 J K-1 mol-1.Consider the following reaction:ATP → AMP + 2 PiCalculate the equilibrium constant (Keq) given the following ΔG°′ values:ATP → AMP + PPi (−32.2 kJ/mol)PPi → 2Pi (−33.5 kJ/mol)Considering the values in the following table, what relationship can be observed between the amount of sucrose and the water potential? What would you expect to happen if the amount of sucrose continues to increase? saccharose (M) solution (MPa) 0 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.6 0 -0.2478 -0.3717 -0.4956 -0.6195 -0.7434 -0.8673 -0.9912 -1.1151 -1.239 -1.4868 test mass differential 1 (g) 0.0333 0.0201 0.0143 0.0126 -0.0127 -0.0432 -0.0756 -0.0951 -0.0985 -0.1278 -0.1535 test mass differential 2 (g) 0.05555 0.0355 0.0275 0.015 0.002 -0.0295 -0.0755 -0.093 -0.124 -0.148 -0.1765
- For a particular reaction, AH° = −16.1 kJ/mol and AS° = −21.8 J/(mol·K). Assuming these values change very little with temperature, at what temperature does the reaction change from nonspontaneous to spontaneous in the forward direction? OT= Is the reaction in the forward direction spontaneous at temperatures greater than or less than the calculated temperature? less than greater than KZinc-air batteries are actively being researched because one reactant (oxygen) is provided in infinite supply for free. The standard cell potential for this battery is 1.65 V. If the cell potential is 1.61 V, what is the partial pressure of oxygen in the cell and a temperature is 25.0\deg C? The reaction in the cell converts Zn(s) and O2(g) into ZnO(s). 2Zn(s) 02 (g) -> 2ZnO(s)The ΔG°′ value for glucose-1-phosphate is -20.9 kJ/mol. If glucose and phosphate are both at 4.8 mM, what is the equilibrium concentration of glucose-1-phosphate?