The American Red Cross restricts blood donations if from "January 1, 1980, through December 31, 1996, you spent (visited or lived) a cumulative time of 3 months or more, in any country in the United Kingdom (UK)." This is because there is no blood test for the rare, but deadly disease that was spread through the food chain and can be transmitted by blood transfusion. So far only four cases of [Select] which is caused by [Select] States. have ever been reported in the United
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- On October 29, the North Carolina Division of Public Health (NCDPH) received a report of three cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) among children caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection. All three children visited a petting zoo at the North Carolina State Fair during October 15-24. Case finding efforts by NCDPH identified 105 other persons who had become ill with diarrhea after attending the fair. A case-control study was undertaken to identify risk factors for infection with E. coli 0157:H7. Forty-five case-patients and 188 controls who attended the fair and did not get sick were enrolled in the study. A p-value of 0.05 was set as the cutoff for statistical significance. Thirty-six (80%) of 45 case-patients visited the petting zoo, compared with 64 (36%) of 187 controls (odds ratio= 7.7; p<0.0001). In an analysis of case-patients and controls who were aged <6 years who visited the petting zoo, the following results were found: Exposure Touching or stepping in manure Falling…Calculate the case fatality rate for chickenpox in this epidemic. There are 346 students at the Institute X. During summer, March and April 56 students were absent with chickenpox. The 56 students who were absent had 88 (total) brothers and sisters at home. Of the 88 siblings, 19 developed chickenpox. Of the 75 total cases of chickenpox, 1 child died.consider Smallpox, Polio, Ebola and Measles Label each of the SIR curves below with the correct infectious disease
- Please Help Me to understand because I just dont understand.In 2004, a study investigated the frequency of syphilis in a remote Australian community a total of 132 people participated in the study. A serological tests to diagnose cases of early syphilis were conducted for each participant during 2004. Two cases were identified. The researchers followed those at risk for another year, and during this time frame another person was diagnosed. (a) What was the prevalence of syphilis in 2004? (b) What was the prevalence of syphilis among study participants at the end of 2005 Assume no loss to follow-up? (c) What was the cumulative incidence of Syphilis over the study period?The vertical transmission of certain communicable diseases from mother-to-child during pregnancy and birth is of great concern to public health practitioners because it represents a critical period for intervention. If practitioners can determine at birth whether the disease has been transmitted from mother-to-child, they can act immediately to provide the child with treatment. Syphilis is a disease with high risk for vertical transmission from mother-to-child. If a child becomes infected and is not treated, there can be negative health outcome such as blindness, deafness, and neurological damage. Inspired by the advent of rapid HIV tests that provide quick results and are minimally invasive, suppose that researchers have been working to develop a similar test that can be used for syphilis. After obtaining appropriate institutional approval and patient consent, the researchers test their rapid syphilis test at several birthing hospitals and compare it to the gold standard laboratory…
- In 1969, a 16-year-old boy named Robert Rayford was admitted to a hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. He was weak, emaciated, rife with stubborn infections, and riddled with rare cancerous lesions known as Kaposi’s sarcoma, a skin disease found in elderly men of Mediterranean descent. Three months after he was admitted, he died of pneumonia. More than ten years later, similar cases were seen in states like New York and California. It was eventually discovered that young Robert Rayford actually had AIDS. Using 2-3 pieces of evidence from the text, explain why Robert Rayford ended up dying from pneumonia.At least two sentences for each question What is the difference between a risk factor and cause? Why are most epidemiological studies observational rather than experimental?If a disease X has a duration of 15 years and a low incidence (5 per 100,000 person-years). If another disease Y has a duration of 5 years and a low and low incidence (5 per 100,000 person years). If we compare disease X and Disease Y in the same population, we would expect: a) Better cure b) lower prevalence c) higher prevalence d) Higher incidence e) shorter duration
- A nurse who was treating patients for Ebola (a severe, often fatal illness) in West Africa returns to New Jersey and appears to have a fever. Health officials quarantine the nurse to watch whether she develops the Ebola virus, stating they do not want the nurse to spread to virus those with whom she comes into contact. Health officials defend the quarantine: "Even if quarantine infringes the nurse's right to move freely and go home, quarantine is a precaution and will protect the greatest number of people." This is an example of: Utilitarianism Straw Man Justification Natural Law TheoryI know this isn't biology but there wasn't an option for Epidemiology. Explain the implications of the 15 leading causes of death for public health.in the diagram below, fill in the names of the four stages for the natural history of disease