What is the difference between a risk factor and cause? Why are most epidemiological studies observational rather than experimental?
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At least two sentences for each question
What is the difference between a risk factor and cause?
Why are most epidemiological studies observational rather than experimental?
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- What is a notifiable disease? Group of answer choices A disease that is highly contagious. A disease that must be reported to the CDC. A disease that has a high mortality rate A disease that is suspected to be caused by terrorists.I know this isn't biology but there wasn't an option for Epidemiology. Explain the implications of the 15 leading causes of death for public health.What is epidemiology? Discuss some of the leading causes of deaths or illnesses in developed and less developed countries respectively, and explain why this is so.
- For each of the studies below, put an “A” if it is an example of analytic epidemiology or a “B” if is an example of descriptive epidemiology. __________ Analysis of US mortality data to determine the rates of colorectal cancer deaths for white (non-Hispanic), black (non-Hispanic) and Hispanics in 2012. __________ Analysis of survey and laboratory data to determine if individuals with a high salt diet have higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. ______ Case-control study to determine if patients with a current diagnosis of breast cancer had ever received hormone replacement therapy. ______ Analysis of medical records to determine if diagnosis of hypertension is more or less common among adults age 65 or older compared to those younger than age 65.Question:- Biology 1. Which statement(s) is/are most correct concerning the history of epidemiology: a. The professional has been largely dominated by men up until the 21st century b. Some epidemiologists have challenged existing scientific explanations of disease such as diseases coming from odors versus microbes (miasma theory) c. Some epidemiologists have performed “experimental” studies (comparing 2 or more groups of people) long before modern science utilized the experimental (clinical trials) design d. A female epidemiologist conducted the first historical cohort study on breast cancer e. A & C f. A & D g. All of the aboveDescribe the pathogen that causes “The Flu”. What happens you get the flu and how did you most likely acquire it. Explain how the causal pathogen is different from many other pathogens in terms of why it can cause epidemics and pandemics and why you need an annual vaccine. Define the terms antigenic shift and antigenic drift and explain how they are related to this disease.
- Regarding chronic disease, which of the following statements is TRUE? Intermediate risk factors are permanent physiological changes that indicate a condition is irreversible The United States does better than all affluent industrialized countries on most indicators of population health, including life span O Heart disease and cancer are important chronic diseases with unique sets of risk factors, making it difficult to promote prevention of both Prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, influenza/pneumonia was the only infectious disease in the top ten causes of death in the U.S. each yearPlease compare and contrast the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic death numbers hitherto. Are the deaths comparable? If yes or no, why?Could you please write a claim and evidence for number 1 and 2. The evidence should be from the chart above.