Describe the pathogen that causes “The Flu”. What happens you get the flu and how did you most likely acquire it. Explain how the causal pathogen is different from many other pathogens in terms of why it can cause epidemics and pandemics and why you need an annual vaccine. Define the terms antigenic shift and antigenic drift and explain how they are related to this disease.

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Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.