Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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in the diagram below, fill in the names of the four stages for the natural history of disease
![In a small community, there is an outbreak of shigellosis in which 18 persons in 18 households became ill.
a. If the population of the community was 1,000, calculate the overall attack rate:
**Overall Attack Rate:**
\[ \text{Overall Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{\text{Number of people who became ill}}{\text{Total population}}\right) \times 100 \]
b. One incubation period later, 17 persons in the same households as these primary cases also developed shigellosis. If the 18 households included 86 persons, calculate the secondary attack rate:
**Secondary Attack Rate:**
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{\text{Number of secondary cases}}{\text{Total susceptible persons in households}}\right) \times 100 \]
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{17}{86 - 18}\right) \times 100 \]
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{17}{68}\right) \times 100 \]
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} \approx 25\% \]
**Diagram Analysis:**
The provided diagram is a schematic representation of the "Usual Time Lines of Diagnosis." It includes several stages:
1. **Exposure:** Initial contact with the pathogen.
2. **Pathologic Changes:** Biological changes occurring due to the pathogen, leading to disease manifestation.
3. **Onset of Symptoms:** When symptoms of the disease first become apparent.
4. **Stage of Diagnosis:** The point at which the disease is diagnosed by a healthcare professional.
Each stage is depicted as a rectangular box in a sequential manner, reflecting the progression from exposure to diagnosis.
This visual aid helps in understanding the timeline of disease progression from initial exposure to the eventual diagnosis in a medical setting.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fb79a8a2b-e1ea-4517-83f4-f5bfb0fc2102%2Fc8a1ea06-0f09-4bff-a90d-96c6f3284671%2Fnmwiq7g_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:In a small community, there is an outbreak of shigellosis in which 18 persons in 18 households became ill.
a. If the population of the community was 1,000, calculate the overall attack rate:
**Overall Attack Rate:**
\[ \text{Overall Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{\text{Number of people who became ill}}{\text{Total population}}\right) \times 100 \]
b. One incubation period later, 17 persons in the same households as these primary cases also developed shigellosis. If the 18 households included 86 persons, calculate the secondary attack rate:
**Secondary Attack Rate:**
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{\text{Number of secondary cases}}{\text{Total susceptible persons in households}}\right) \times 100 \]
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{17}{86 - 18}\right) \times 100 \]
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} = \left(\frac{17}{68}\right) \times 100 \]
\[ \text{Secondary Attack Rate} \approx 25\% \]
**Diagram Analysis:**
The provided diagram is a schematic representation of the "Usual Time Lines of Diagnosis." It includes several stages:
1. **Exposure:** Initial contact with the pathogen.
2. **Pathologic Changes:** Biological changes occurring due to the pathogen, leading to disease manifestation.
3. **Onset of Symptoms:** When symptoms of the disease first become apparent.
4. **Stage of Diagnosis:** The point at which the disease is diagnosed by a healthcare professional.
Each stage is depicted as a rectangular box in a sequential manner, reflecting the progression from exposure to diagnosis.
This visual aid helps in understanding the timeline of disease progression from initial exposure to the eventual diagnosis in a medical setting.
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