Please explain the role of the SRP, SRP receptor and the protein translocator in the synthesis of a protein with an ER signal sequence. You can list steps if that is easier.

Q: Define the following terms:a. SRPb. transloconc. docking proteind. SRP receptor proteine. signal…

A: Introduction: Proteins are biomolecules that consist of long chains of amino acids. The structure of…

Q: The sequencing of entire genomes has made it possible to examine the level of gene expression in a…

A: The sequencing of the entire genome, from the small stretch of oligonucleotide probe, so that the…

Q: Select the best explanation of the unfolded protein response (UPR): O A. The UPR senses misfolded…

A: When the protein is completely formed it is folded accordingly yo form a biologically active protein…

Q: What are two examples for which HCPCS codes should be reported?

A: Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System is abbreviated as HCPCS. It is an internationally accepted…

Q: Explain the fundamental differences between negative control and positive control of transcription…

A: In prokaryotes transcription process is defined the piece or portion of bacterium DNA which is…

Q: Consider the following simple regulatory pathways. Assume the full pathway is shown. A- E- B- F- C-…

A: In metabolic pathways, it is common to find that some molecules activate the downstream molecules,…

Q: onsider the following 4 regulatory pathways (recall arrows are activators and blunt ends are…

A: Genetics means the study of gene and heredity. A gene is the structural and functional unit of…

Q: Match each of the following descriptions to the type of regulatory RNA affecting a "target" gene…

A: Of course! Let's break down each match:This regulatory RNA may increase transcription of the target…

Q: . One mechanism by which antisense RNAs act as negative regulators of gene expression is by base…

A: The antisense RNA is a type of single-stranded RNA molecule that binds to the complementary…

Q: The amino acid asparagine is synthesized from aspartic acid by the enzyme asparagine synthetase…

A: Mutation has occurred in the regulatory sequence present upstream of genes. Since the regulatory…

Q: Transcriptional repressor proteins (e.g., lac repressor), antisense RNA, and feedback inhibition are…

A: The antisense RNA, transcriptional repressor proteins, and feedback inhibition are different…

Q: Propose a strategy to prevent HIF-alpha signaling in the TME. What do you think would happen in a…

A: The oxygen-sensitive transcriptional activator HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) is an important…

Q: Which of the following would you expect to happen if there were a mutation in the Iron Response…

A: Sequences of mRNA called called (IREs) are contained within the mRNA sequences that code for…

Q: Please answer this thoroughly, not just an overview!

A: Spatial regulation of gene expression plays a crucial role in embryonic development, ensuring the…

Q: Give the result(s) of the experiment in "MicroRNAs Control De Novo DNA Methylation Through…

A: INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate…

Q: Do you think it would be easier to mutate the GR receptor or treat someone with a miRNA to overcome…

A: MicroRNAs are a grade of non-coding RNAs which plays vital role in managing gene expression. Large…

Q: e previous problem you proposed a model for how this gene could be regulated. Suppose that you carry…

A: If the mutation is recessive mutant then there should be mutation in both allele to see this effect.…

Q: Here is the model for TfR mRNA regulation (see Fig.), for your convenience. Orange protein (IRP or…

A: The transferrin receptor (TfR) is a glycoprotein associated with cell membrane. It plays a major…

Q: Briefly describe transcription?with example.

A: The term DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the most important…

Q: Which of the following statements is/are TRUE for the promoters? The Pribnow box and TATA box are…

A: A promoter is a short region of DNA upstream of  gene where RNA Polymerase recognizes the start site…

Q: Comparison of different tissues shows that the ITY gene produces a 900 nt mature mRNA and a 190…

A: Alternative splicing is the mechanism that produces multiple mature mRNAs from a single primary…

Q: You are given 3 tubes of RNA and asked by your supervisor to clone the gene encoding the proinsulin…

A: Restriction enzymes are use to cut DNA at specific sites, known as restriction sites. The…

Q: Because of the naturally-existing regulation mechanisms of the cell, injecting double- stranded RNA…

A: Introduction : The RNA or ribonucleic acid is a single stranded molecule present in the cell. The…

Q: A TATA box is a short, A-T rich sequence of nucleotides located just upstream of genes and is used…

A: Transcription refers to a process in which RNA is synthesized from DNA template. Only one DNA…

Q: Give typed explanation  Use the diagram representing the typical steps in gene expression and…

A: Gene expression occurs in four steps-In the first step, active portion of the DNA in the form of a…

Q: Explain how iRNA works to down-regulate gene expression.

A: A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA of a cell such that the sequence deviates from what is…

Q: Rho independent terminators Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down…

A: Transcription is the process in which the RNA is formed out of the DNA. The process of transcription…

Q: . Cells containing missense mutations in the crp gene(encoding the positive regulator CRP) are Lac−,…

A: Genetics is a branch of science that deals in the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation of…

Q: Below is a list of regulators covered in lecture. For each, identify whether it is cis acting, trans…

A: Understanding Cis-Acting and Trans-Acting Regulatory ElementsIn the regulation of gene expression,…

Q: Imagine the same cells as above that has 20,000 molecules of estrogen receptor at the start of your…

A: Estrogen receptor belongs to a nuclear hormone receptor family that is essential for the regulation…

Q: Upstream processing is: Isolation of protein Expression of theprotein by cells Purification of…

A: Recombinant DNA technology have enabled us to use other life forms like bacteria, fungi, algae,…

Q: Most of the regulatory systems described in this chapter employregulatory proteins. However,…

A: The lac operon is a group of genes that encode β-galactosidase to metabolize lactose in the…

Q: Briefly describe an experiment you could perform to isolate ER-associated ribosomes and test if…

A: Ribosomes are cell organelles that are the site of important cellular processes such as translation…

Q: IPTG Absent IPTG Present B-Galactosidase Permease B- Permease Galactoßsidase + O+ z+ Y+ + IS ot z+…

A: Lac operon is the segment of DNA which consists of regulatory gene (I), promoter gene (P), operator…

Q: Consider a gene being transcribed at a constant rate k1 and being degraded with first  order…

A: The genetic information from protein synthesis is stored in DNA. This information is copied onto an…

Q: Tryptophan (Trp) attenuation is an extra mechanism of regulation of trp operon when trp level is too…

A: Attenuation is a mechanism of control of the tryptophan (Trp) operon that occurs when the level of…

Q: Under low tryptophanyl-tRNA (tRNAtrp), we expect the trp operon to be expressed because:   Question…

A: Trp operon functioning in the bacterial system Escherichia coli consists of a set of genes that…

Q: Consider the CT/CGRP example of alternative splicing. Which different types of alternative splicing…

A: Alternative splicing is a technique that allows messenger RNA (mRNA) to control the production of…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.