Orbital configuration of carbocation (figure 6.3 tButyl cation) energy diagram of a reaction, function of catalyst; intermediates, (enthalpy, activation energy) Markovnikov regioselectivity Anti-/syn-addition
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- Which reaction or statement regarding nucleophilic substitutions is incorrect? A) C₁ + 2 H2O ноттон + 2 HCI B) ta CI+MeOH to + HCI C) D) The rate-limiting step in SN1 reactions is the initial step, loss of the leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution reactions that follow second-order kinetics involve complete inversion of configuration.N(CH2CH3)3 + HNO3 --------> a.) rewrite the reaction using bond-line structure of reagents and products of the reaction b.) supply the curved arrows explaining the mechanism of the reactionAlkene reaction map
- Q1: Rank the relative nucleophilicity of the following species in ethanol. CH3O¯, CH3OH, CH3COO, CH3COOH, CH3S Q2: Group these solvents into either protic solvents or aprotic solvents. Acetonitrile (CH3CN), H₂O, Acetic acid (CH3COOH), Acetone (CH3COCH3), CH3CH2OH, DMSO (CH3SOCH3), DMF (HCON(CH3)2), CH3OHIdentify the major product of the reaction of an alkene shown below. ||| 1. Hg(OAc)2, H2O 2. NaBH4, NaOH ....... ОН || IV ОН о, ОН11) a) How many different molecules containing one double bond can be used to synthesize 4-methyl-4-heptanol (as the major product) via acid catalyzed hydration with H2SOe and H20? Draw them all below. b) Are any of the structures in part (a) trisubstituted alkenes? If so, redraw it/them below. c) Label (if possible) the structure(s) in part (b) as either Z or E double bond isomers. Bonus Question: ) Recently, the Gademann research group from the University of Zurich, completed the synthesis of (+)-Peyssonnosol, a complex natural product (shown below on the left) which contains seven stereocenters. Briefly describe what the "(t)" symbol in front of the synthesized natural product name means. Me., Me, Me Me HO. Me Me Synthesized ()-Peyssonnosol Starting Materials Used inSynthesis
- 11. (24 pts) (a) Similar to alkanes, hydrogen gas can undergo radical bromination according to the reaction below. Propose a chain-reaction mechanism for this reaction, including an initiation step, propagation steps, and two plausible termination steps. The homolytic bond dissociation energy for Br-Br is 46 kcal mole-, for H-Br is 88 kcal mole and for H-H is 104 kcal mole. hv Н-Н + Вr-Br 2 Н-Br (b) Calculate the overall AH for the above propagation steps (show all work).What is the Potential energy diagram for this reaction. Pls draw with as much detail as possible. labels and scale) 2-methylpropan-2-ol ---> 2-methylpropene +H2O Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction of 2-methylpropan-2-ol ---> 2-methylpropene + H20 (1) Label the structures of the (a) reactants, (b) intermediates, (c) transition states, (d) products, and (e) activation energies (E.) for each step. (2) Which step is the rate-determining step? (3) Identify the electrophile and nucleophile in each step when applicable.Do hydration reactions like this one have Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov products? I know that for addition of halides on alkene double bonds, there are Markovnikov products becasue of 1,2-halide/methyl shifts, but there usually aren't shifts in hydration reactions. Essentially, would the Markovnikov/major product for this reaction have a hydroxy group attached to the tertiary carbocation and the anti-Markovnikov/minor product for this reaction have a hydroxy group attached to the adjacent secondary carbocation?
- What would be the effect on the rate of reaction if the concentration of the nucleophile weredoubled in an…a. SN1 reaction? Briefly explain.b. SN2 reaction? Briefly explain.Ff.47.10. Draw the structure of the reactant(s) or major organic product(s) of each of the following reactions or write N.R for no reaction. There can be more than one answer per box. Show the correct stereochemistry when needed! J... Brz (2 equiv.) CH₂Cl₂ Nal, acetone (excess) AgNO3, EtOH (excess) Oot NC OH H3PO4 heat
