Orbital configuration of carbocation (figure 6.3 tButyl cation) energy diagram of a reaction, function of catalyst; intermediates, (enthalpy, activation energy) Markovnikov regioselectivity Anti-/syn-addition
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- A benzene ring alters the reactivity of a neighboring group in the so-called “benzylic” position, similarly to how a double bond alters the reactivity of groups in the “allylic” position. Benzylic cations, anions, and radicals are all more stable than simple alkyl intermediates. a) Use resonance structures to show the delocalization of the positive charge, negative charge, and unpaired electron of the benzyl cation, anion, and radical.Which reaction or statement regarding nucleophilic substitutions is incorrect? A) C₁ + 2 H2O ноттон + 2 HCI B) ta CI+MeOH to + HCI C) D) The rate-limiting step in SN1 reactions is the initial step, loss of the leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution reactions that follow second-order kinetics involve complete inversion of configuration.Please don't provide handwritten solution .....
- Electron pairs CH3 .. Erase H3C - С — СІ: H3C – S- CH3 CH3 CH, CH3 THF/H,0 + H,C--CH, CH C- CH CHs CH, Use curved arrows to write the first step of this nucleophilic substitution mechanism. :ö: | :ö:ENVVIEW top [References] Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. Ag,0 / aqueous THF,0° • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. . .Click the "draw structure" button to launch the drawing utility. Ignoring E and Z isomers, what two enols are formed when pent-2-yne is treated with H,0, H,SO,, and HgSO,? Draw the second ketone formed from these enols after tautomerization. H2O H2SO, H9SO, + Product A Product A = draw structure...
- 11) a) How many different molecules containing one double bond can be used to synthesize 4-methyl-4-heptanol (as the major product) via acid catalyzed hydration with H2SOe and H20? Draw them all below. b) Are any of the structures in part (a) trisubstituted alkenes? If so, redraw it/them below. c) Label (if possible) the structure(s) in part (b) as either Z or E double bond isomers. Bonus Question: ) Recently, the Gademann research group from the University of Zurich, completed the synthesis of (+)-Peyssonnosol, a complex natural product (shown below on the left) which contains seven stereocenters. Briefly describe what the "(t)" symbol in front of the synthesized natural product name means. Me., Me, Me Me HO. Me Me Synthesized ()-Peyssonnosol Starting Materials Used inSynthesis2. A benzene ring alters the reactivity of a neighboring group in the so-called "benzylic" position, similarly to how a double bond alters the reactivity of groups in the "allylic" position. R .R allylic position benzylic position Benzylic cations, anions, and radicals are all more stable than simple alkyl intermediates. a) Use resonance structures to show the delocalization of the positive charge, negative charge, and unpaired electron of the benzyl cation, anion, and radical.What is the Potential energy diagram for this reaction. Pls draw with as much detail as possible. labels and scale) 2-methylpropan-2-ol ---> 2-methylpropene +H2O Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction of 2-methylpropan-2-ol ---> 2-methylpropene + H20 (1) Label the structures of the (a) reactants, (b) intermediates, (c) transition states, (d) products, and (e) activation energies (E.) for each step. (2) Which step is the rate-determining step? (3) Identify the electrophile and nucleophile in each step when applicable.
- a) How many different molecules containing one double bond can be used to synthesize 4-methyl-4-heptanol (as the major product) via acid catalyzed hydration with H2SO4 and H2O? Draw them all below. b) Are any of the structures in part (a) trisubstituted alkenes? If so, redraw it/them below.a) Consider the reaction of HBr with ethylene and propylene. At roomtemperature the reaction of propylene with HBr is much faster than thereaction with ethylene.Using reaction energy diagrams and your knowledge of carbocationstability explain why this is so. b) Xylene (dimethylbenzene) is a commonly used chemical in the printingindustry and as a cleaning solvent for oily waste. It is also used whenpreparing histological samples to remove waxes from biological samples.Draw the three possible structures for this compound and give the UPACnames for each. Define which structures are ortho, meta, and para.What would be the effect on the rate of reaction if the concentration of the nucleophile weredoubled in an…a. SN1 reaction? Briefly explain.b. SN2 reaction? Briefly explain.
