Mutation O Silent mutation from one allele to another ■ Suppose one allele (A1) mutates to another (A2) at some rate, μ, each generation within a population, and A2 mutates to A1 at some other rate, v. Suppose also that A1 and A2 are selectively neutral - they confer equal fitness. what is the equilibrial frequency of each of the two alleles (p* and q*)? You can think of the mathematical result as p* being the mutation rate towards A1 divided by the sum of the mutation rates. OR, p* is the proportion of all mutation rates (µ+v) that is mutation in the A1 direction (v). See box 7.7. ● ● ● Example: A1 mutates to A2 in 0.0004 of all offspring per generation. In other words the probability of mutation from A1 to A2 is 0.0004. A2 mutates to A1 in 0.0001 of all offspring per generation. What is the expected equilibrial abundance A1 and A2? ● μ = mutation from A1 to A2 v = mutation from A2 to A1 p* = v/(μ+v) ● ● μ = mutation from A1 to A2 = 0.0004 v = mutation from A2 to A1 = 0.0001 p* = v/(μ+v) = 0.0001/(0.0004+0.0001) = 0.0001/0.0005 = 0.20 q* = 0.80 Question: A1 mutates to A2 in 0.003 of all offspring per generation. A2 mutates to A1 in 0.007 of all offspring per generation. What is the expected equilibrial abundance A1 and A2? 7
Mutation O Silent mutation from one allele to another ■ Suppose one allele (A1) mutates to another (A2) at some rate, μ, each generation within a population, and A2 mutates to A1 at some other rate, v. Suppose also that A1 and A2 are selectively neutral - they confer equal fitness. what is the equilibrial frequency of each of the two alleles (p* and q*)? You can think of the mathematical result as p* being the mutation rate towards A1 divided by the sum of the mutation rates. OR, p* is the proportion of all mutation rates (µ+v) that is mutation in the A1 direction (v). See box 7.7. ● ● ● Example: A1 mutates to A2 in 0.0004 of all offspring per generation. In other words the probability of mutation from A1 to A2 is 0.0004. A2 mutates to A1 in 0.0001 of all offspring per generation. What is the expected equilibrial abundance A1 and A2? ● μ = mutation from A1 to A2 v = mutation from A2 to A1 p* = v/(μ+v) ● ● μ = mutation from A1 to A2 = 0.0004 v = mutation from A2 to A1 = 0.0001 p* = v/(μ+v) = 0.0001/(0.0004+0.0001) = 0.0001/0.0005 = 0.20 q* = 0.80 Question: A1 mutates to A2 in 0.003 of all offspring per generation. A2 mutates to A1 in 0.007 of all offspring per generation. What is the expected equilibrial abundance A1 and A2? 7
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Transcribed Image Text:Mutation
O Silent mutation from one allele to another
■
Suppose one allele (A1) mutates to another (A2) at some rate, μ, each
generation within a population, and A2 mutates to A1 at some other rate, v.
Suppose also that A1 and A2 are selectively neutral - they confer equal
fitness. what is the equilibrial frequency of each of the two alleles (p* and
q*)? You can think of the mathematical result as p* being the mutation rate
towards A1 divided by the sum of the mutation rates. OR, p* is the
proportion of all mutation rates (µ+v) that is mutation in the A1 direction (v).
See box 7.7.
●
●
●
μ = mutation from A1 to A2
v = mutation from A2 to A1
p* = v/(μ+v)
Example: A1 mutates to A2 in 0.0004 of all offspring per generation. In other
words the probability of mutation from A1 to A2 is 0.0004. A2 mutates to A1
in 0.0001 of all offspring per generation. What is the expected equilibrial
abundance A1 and A2?
μ = mutation from A1 to A2 = 0.0004
v = mutation from A2 to A1 = 0.0001
p* = v/(μ+v) = 0.0001/(0.0004+0.0001) = 0.0001/0.0005 = 0.20
● q* = 0.80
●
Question: A1 mutates to A2 in 0.003 of all offspring per generation. A2
mutates to A1 in 0.007 of all offspring per generation. What is the expected
equilibrial abundance A1 and A2?
7
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