MAKE CONNECTIONS Step 3 in Figure 9.9 is a major pointof regulation of glycolysis. The enzyme phosphofructokinaseis allosterically regulated by ATP and related molecules (seeConcept 8.5). Considering the overall result of glycolysis,would you expect ATP to inhibit or stimulate activity of thisenzyme? Explain. (Hint: Make sure you consider the role of ATPas an allosteric regulator, not as a substrate of the enzyme.)
Enzyme kinetics
In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.
Regulation of Enzymes
A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.
MAKE CONNECTIONS Step 3 in Figure 9.9 is a major point
of regulation of glycolysis. The enzyme phosphofructokinase
is allosterically regulated by ATP and related molecules (see
Concept 8.5). Considering the overall result of glycolysis,
would you expect ATP to inhibit or stimulate activity of this
enzyme? Explain. (Hint: Make sure you consider the role of ATP
as an allosteric regulator, not as a substrate of the enzyme.)
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