Is all published research statistically correct? Stoehr and Wenk (1995) published an article in which they were examining the effects of a brain lesion on learning in rats. They were also interested in whether the lesion would produce different effects in young, adult, or old rats. This experiment was conducted as an independent-measures factorial design in which one factor was Lesion (lesion or control surgery) and the other factor was Age (young, adult or old). For the rats in the lesion groups (young, adult or old), an area of the brain knows as the nucleus basalis (NB) was damaged, and for the rats in the control groups (young, adult or old), no damage was produced. After recovery from surgery, animals were trained and tested. For training, animals from all 6 groups were placed into a chamber and were given a brief shock. Testing occurred the next day, and the animals were returned to the chamber and behavior was measured. The researchers measured immobility. If the animals learned that the chamber was associated with shock, then the next time they are put into the chamber they will show immobility, which is a measure of fear in these animals. Below is a graph of their data, taken from the published journal article, followed by part of their results section. The description of the results provided below is a direct quote. % Immobility 100 75 50 25 0 Young Adult Age Control ■Lesion Old
Is all published research statistically correct? Stoehr and Wenk (1995) published an article in which they were examining the effects of a brain lesion on learning in rats. They were also interested in whether the lesion would produce different effects in young, adult, or old rats. This experiment was conducted as an independent-measures factorial design in which one factor was Lesion (lesion or control surgery) and the other factor was Age (young, adult or old). For the rats in the lesion groups (young, adult or old), an area of the brain knows as the nucleus basalis (NB) was damaged, and for the rats in the control groups (young, adult or old), no damage was produced. After recovery from surgery, animals were trained and tested. For training, animals from all 6 groups were placed into a chamber and were given a brief shock. Testing occurred the next day, and the animals were returned to the chamber and behavior was measured. The researchers measured immobility. If the animals learned that the chamber was associated with shock, then the next time they are put into the chamber they will show immobility, which is a measure of fear in these animals. Below is a graph of their data, taken from the published journal article, followed by part of their results section. The description of the results provided below is a direct quote. % Immobility 100 75 50 25 0 Young Adult Age Control ■Lesion Old
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
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Transcribed Image Text:Is all published research statistically correct? Stoehr and Wenk (1995) published an article in
which they were examining the effects of a brain lesion on learning in rats. They were also
interested in whether the lesion would produce different effects in young, adult, or old rats. This
experiment was conducted as an independent-measures factorial design in which one factor was
Lesion (lesion or control surgery) and the other factor was Age (young, adult or old). For the
rats in the lesion groups (young, adult or old), an area of the brain knows as the nucleus basalis
(NB) was damaged, and for the rats in the control groups (young, adult or old), no damage was
produced. After recovery from surgery, animals were trained and tested. For training, animals
from all 6 groups were placed into a chamber and were given a brief shock. Testing occurred the
next day, and the animals were returned to the chamber and behavior was measured. The
researchers measured immobility. If the animals learned that the chamber was associated with
shock, then the next time they are put into the chamber they will show immobility, which is a
measure of fear in these animals. Below is a graph of their data, taken from the published
journal article, followed by part of their results section. The description of the results provided
below is a direct quote.
% Immobility
100
75
50
25
0
Young
Adult
Age
Control
■Lesion
Old
!["Results. A two-way Analysis of Variance (lesion x age) of immobility behavior showed main
effects of lesion [F (1, 30) = 4.79, p < .05] and age [F (2, 30) = 3.77, p < .05], but no significant
interaction [F (2, 30) = .05, p = 0.95]. Post hoc Tukey tests (HSD = 13.5) revealed that old
control rats showed significantly less immobility than young control rats and that young lesion
rats showed significantly less immobility than young control rats."
The group means that are plotted in the graph are also presented in the matrix below:
Lesion
Control
Lesion
+
Conclusion:
Young
85
54
Age
Adult
84
70
Old
65
51
0
If we assume that the statistics (F values and Tukey HSD value) presented in the results sections
are correct, are the conclusions that Stoehr and Wenk made about the effects of lesion and age on
learning correct? If not, what should they have been?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe4db1e84-75df-498d-9686-5cabfd0e0c2f%2F6f1f6305-36dc-40c1-b85d-7fe44bd4b966%2Fzwtt88_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:"Results. A two-way Analysis of Variance (lesion x age) of immobility behavior showed main
effects of lesion [F (1, 30) = 4.79, p < .05] and age [F (2, 30) = 3.77, p < .05], but no significant
interaction [F (2, 30) = .05, p = 0.95]. Post hoc Tukey tests (HSD = 13.5) revealed that old
control rats showed significantly less immobility than young control rats and that young lesion
rats showed significantly less immobility than young control rats."
The group means that are plotted in the graph are also presented in the matrix below:
Lesion
Control
Lesion
+
Conclusion:
Young
85
54
Age
Adult
84
70
Old
65
51
0
If we assume that the statistics (F values and Tukey HSD value) presented in the results sections
are correct, are the conclusions that Stoehr and Wenk made about the effects of lesion and age on
learning correct? If not, what should they have been?
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