In 1970, Frye and Edidin published research describing the mobility of plasma membrane proteins. They fused mouse and human cells together, creating a hybrid cell, and then examined the localization of mouse and human proteins over time. Initially mouse and human proteins were each restricted to one-half of the heterokaryon, but over time the mouse and human proteins mixed, with each being present over the entire cell surface. What technique did Frye and Edidin likely use to examine the mouse and human proteins? Choose one: O A. interference contrast light microscopy B. transmission electron microscopy O C. fluorescence microscopy OD. scanning electron microscopy

Q: What is the fundamental molecular difference that distinguishes a stem cell?

A: Stem cells are the cells of the body that develop into different kinds of cells. These range from…

Q: You add a chemical to a cell that prevents all of the chromatin from uncoiling so that the…

A: Transcription is the process of formation of messenger RNA using DNA as a template and DNA dependent…

Q: A protein was recently discovered to be located in the nucleus. However, it is uncertain whether…

A: The most important and basic knowledge that we should remember here in-order to understand the…

Q: Researchers isolated a gene for a membrane protein and from that the amino acid sequence was…

A: Post translational modification results in the chemical modification and folding of protein so, that…

Q: In the diagram below, where does Mediator attach? (There are two correct answers. Canvas will not…

A: In eukaryotes, a multiprotein complex called a mediator acts as a coactivator of transcription. As…

Q: Which of the following statements most accurately represent chromatin state and transcription?

A: A quality is the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are comprised of DNA. A…

Q: Question 1: Define and give an example of the following: Codon, Start Codon, Anticodon, and Stop…

A: In molecular biology,  translation is the process by which the data stored in mRNA is converted into…

Q: In this module, Dr. Anthony Hyman discussed two methods; RNA interference and mass spectrometry…

A: The term gene expression is associated with a cellular process involving genetic information pieces’…

Q: You are studying a human cancer cell line and you notice that you see the normal amount of RNA but…

A: INTRODUCTION Mutation Mutations are the sudden heritable changes in the genetic material occur due…

Q: Suppose you mix the following components of protein synthesis in a test tube: amino acids from a…

A: Introduction: Genes are sets of nucleotides that code for a particular protein. The genetic…

Q: Transcription factors function in the nucleus. However, like (almost) all eukaryotic proteins, they…

A: Proteins called transcription factors bind to adjacent DNA to control the transcription of genes.…

Q: For a transmembrane protein in the plasma membrane, where in the cell is its translation initiated?…

A: Introduction Plasma Membrane is the outer membrane of animal cell. It is a semi permeable membrane.…

Q: According to the question，how do we know if we see more than 2 copies ，it indicate the cell is…

A: The cell cycle is a sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome and synthesis other…

Q: cell is homozygous for a LOF mutation in the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) gene. Which of the…

A: HAT stands for Histone acetyl transferase. The LOF refers to the loss of function mutation. If a…

Q: The following results were obtained in early studies on the translation of secretory proteins. Based…

A: A secretory protein is a protein that is secreted by a cell. These proteins can include many…

Q: How can you convert a normal adult cell into an adult stem cell (iPSC)?

A:

Q: How do cells use genetic instructions to form the shape of something as complex as the human nose?

A: Introduction  The life starts from single cell called Zygote. A zygote is formed by the fusion of…

Q: A plant geneticist was examining the inversion mutation XI 501 in barley where a segment of DNA is…

A: Any alteration occurring in the DNA sequence of an organism is known as mutation.

Q: Name the two places in the eukaryotic cell where the cell component Ribosome, mRNA, tRHA and rRNA…

A: The translation is the process of protein production using mRNA and ribosomal machinery. The…

Q: Cells tend to have a relatively small and uniform size. Why aren’t cells larger? Discuss your…

A: Cell is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all organisms.Cell is the smallest…

Q: Almost all cells within an animal contain DNA with the same sequence, yet different cells can have…

A: The human body contains a hundred different types of cells like skin cells, neurons, immune cells,…

Q: Let's assume there is an inhibitor that binds to all signal recognition particles (SRPS) covalently,…

A: Signal recognition particle (SRP) is very important protein that binds with the signal sequence (SS)…

Q: Answer the following questions about telomeres:   1. What are telomeres? 2. Why are telomeres…

A: In a chromosome many different structures are found such as pellicle, matrix, chromonema, chromatid,…

Q: Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology? O A) MRNA is…

A: Introduction In molecular biology, a central dogma is an illustration showing the flow of genetic…

Q: The least developed human cells are:   Question 19 options:   Somatic cells (e.g.,…

A:

Q: Which of the following is TRUE regarding the Steward's (1950s) carrot experiment and Gurdon et al.…

A: Two experiments, Steward et al. (1950s) and Gurdon et al. (1975), explored the role of nucleus and…

Q: Briefly describe an experiment you could perform to isolate ER-associated ribosomes and test if…

A: Ribosomes are cell organelles that are the site of important cellular processes such as translation…

Q: Somatic stem cells are best described as ...

A: Since  the cells are somatic they would not divide through out life. They are not at dysregulated.…

Q: You are working in a lab studying Progeria. You design an expression vector containing a mutated…

A: A vector refers to the plasmid that carries a gene of interest into the host cells. Expression…

Q: What are the best methods for isolation of plasma membrane (PM) proteins from mammalian cells?

A: Mammalian cells are the eukaryotic cells obtained from a mammal such as a human. Cells can be from…

Q: What two properties define a stem cell? Distinguish between a totipotent stem cell, a pluripotent…

A: In the body, stem cells work as a repair system. Stem cells are cells having the ability to develop…

Q: How can we test whether certain proteins will localize to a particular division site between a…

A: Protein localization refers to the specific location or compartment within a cell where a protein is…

Q: Why is assembly of microtubules so much more efficient inside cells than in a test tube?     The…

A: Cytoskeleton is an intercellular network of protein filaments present in the cytoplasm. They are…

Proteins

We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.  

Protein Expression

The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.